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K. Molever 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1995,72(1):161-162
A simple and rapid sample preparation technique is described for the potentiometric determination of chloride in bar soaps.
Usual preparation of soap for potentiometric chloride analysis involves time-consuming dissolution of the sample in water
or heating to affect dissolution, followed by a cooling step. Also, when performing potentiometric titrations for chloride
under the usual acid conditions, aqueous solutions of soap bars (unlike combination soap/detergent bars) will form insoluble
semisolid fatty acids that can occlude some chloride and make clean-up difficult. This paper describes a simple dissolution
of bar soap sample in dilute H2SO4/methanol at ambient temperature that simultaneously acidifies the sample solution and produces noninterfering methyl esters
from the soap fatty acids; water is then added, and the chloride is determined potentiometrically with standardized AgNO3. This procedure has been shown to work well with automatic titrators. 相似文献
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简要介绍和分析了普通香皂、透明皂、酸性皂和多功能皂的性能、特点和发展趋势。各种香皂都有不同的特点,其中以酸性皂、多功能皂性能最佳,指出酸性皂、多功能皂是香皂今后发展的主流。 相似文献
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Ainie Kuntom Hamirin Kifli Chen Khiam Hyong 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(7):614-620
Four commercial soap fragrances 1,2,3, and 4 were incorporated in palm-based white soaps and made into bars. The soap bars
were stored at 25°C and 40°C for three months. The headspace gas-chromatographic volatiles, fragrance odor intensity and whiteness
analyses of the soap samples were carried out at 10-day intervals. By means of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, some
of the headspace gas-chromatographic peaks were identified. These peaks were useful in monitoring the fragrance components.
For example, fragrance 4 contains the components limonene and citronellal which are known to possess a citrus odor component.
Fragrance odor intensity scores showed that the intensity of the fragrances in the soap base was the same for all. Results
also showed that most of the fragrances had the same effect on the whiteness of palm-based white soaps, except for fragrance
2 which gave a pink color to the white soaps. Equations were established between the fragrance odor intensity and area under
the gas-chromatographic peaks. The equation can give useful information on the fragrance odor intensity by calculating the
area of the chromatographic peaks; the fragrance odor intensity is a reflection of the fragrance retention in palm-based soaps. 相似文献
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选用椰子油、棕榈油、橄榄油、山茶油、乳木果油、甜杏仁油、美藤果油和霍霍巴油8种植物油脂为原料,采用冷制工艺制作成3组不同含油量的植物油脂手工皂,研究了不同植物油脂对冷制皂入皂特性的影响,并对植物油脂复配制作的冷制皂进行肤感感官评价。结果表明,植物油脂的种类和含量对冷制皂的p H值影响不大,对其他入皂特性均有影响。椰子油冷制皂硬度高、起泡性强且泡沫丰富、Trace time短,与不饱和植物油脂复配入皂有助于缩短制作冷制皂的Trace time,提高冷制皂的硬度和起泡能力;山茶油、甜杏仁油和橄榄油入皂有助于起泡;橄榄油入皂有助于提高冷制皂的泡沫稳定性;乳木果油和霍霍巴油入皂起泡能力较差;美藤果油入皂滋润度高、泡沫细腻、洗感舒适、肤感评价最佳。 相似文献
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利用劣质植物油制取金属皂的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
金属皂是一类重要的化工原料 ,其中钙皂和锌皂的应用最为广泛 ,该研究探讨了以劣质植物油为主要原料 ,制取钙皂和锌皂的工艺路线和参数 ,为油脂的综合利用提供了一条新途径。其中较优的工艺条件为 :皂化时 ,碱液分 3次加入 ,盐析 2次 ,皂化时间、温度、超碱量依次为 3h、95℃、5 % ,复分解反应温度为 95℃~10 0℃ ,制取钙皂和锌皂的超盐量分别为 10 %和 5 %。 相似文献
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通过对真空出条中质量问题的分析,简述了真空出条概况和机理,对真空出条中常见的质量问题如皂体粗糙,软白点等进行了分析,并提出了解决这些问题的方法。 相似文献
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最近几年用连续法生产透明皂显著增加。叙述了用连续法从皂条生产透明皂时,设计成型生产线时必须考虑的几个主要因素。文中所用的主要参数为:水分、添加剂、温度控制、出条机和研磨机的机械因素、打印机 相似文献
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J. K. Weil A. J. Stirton E. W. Maurer W. C. Ault W. E. Palm 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1958,35(9):461-465
Experimental detergent bars were based entirely on selected salts of α-sulfonated saturated tallow acids. Some compositions appear to merit further investigation for the production of finished detergent bars, and an opportunity exists for the discovery of favorable combinations with soap. General conclusions are these.
- Attractive detergent bars can be made from the monosodium or monoammonium salt [RCH (SO3M)CO2H] by partial neutralization with an amine or mixture of amines. Representative bars had the following compositions in mole percentage, anhydrous basis: a) 72 monosodium, 20 sodium ammonium, 8 sodium triethanolammonium salts; b) 85 monoammonium, 15 ammonium ethanolammonium salts.
- Hardness and solubility can be controlled by water content and particularly by choice of the amine and the extent of the partial neutralization. Triethanolamine, isopropanolamine, and triethylamine tend to produce softer and more soluble bars than do ethanolamine or ethylamine.
- The following compositions were suitable for detergent bars useful in sea water: a) 80 mole percentage of disodium 20 acid triethanolammonium; b) 20 monosodium, 50 sodium ammonium, 30 sodium triethanolammonium.
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用生物柴油即脂肪酸甲酯与氧化镧熔融反应制备脂肪酸镧,考察脂肪酸镧与硬脂酸锌、辅助稳定剂的配比和用量对聚氯乙烯热稳定性和机械性能的影响,结果表明:由生物柴油制备脂肪酸镧是可行的,亚磷酸二苯-季戊四醇酯与镧锌皂之间有协同作用,合成的镧锌复合稳定剂具有良好的热稳定性,优于某些其他工业产品。 相似文献
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锌皂与其它金属皂的协同效应 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过刚果红法、热烘法及耐侯性实验研究了几种无毒硬脂酸皂与特种脂肪酸皂的耐热性、耐侯性以及锌皂与其它金属皂间的协同效应。研究结果表明,特种脂肪酸皂的热稳定性能优于相对应的硬脂酸皂;硬脂酸锌与其它硬脂酸皂复合,能改善初期着色,但长期稳定性差,耐侯性也不好;特种脂肪酸锌与其它特种脂肪酸皂复合,能改善初期着色,长期稳定性好,同时制品的耐候性也得到显著的改善,表现较好的协同稳定效果。 相似文献
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介绍了香皂的市场特征,从香皂的市场地位、功能、成分以及新的香氛疗皂等方面论述了香皂市场的发展及趋势。同时,总结了消费者对香皂的使用习惯及购买习惯和决定购买的因素。最后,提出了营销策略建议。 相似文献