The case for assembly language programming

A successful educational course on assembly language programming at the University of Illinois is described with particular emphasis on its pedagogical innovations, including the treatment of multitasking and the provision of library versions of subroutines. The course reinforces fundamental concepts of both data and control structures by illustrating their machine-level implementations. The machine problems provide experience with the design of large programs and with real-time data acquisition and control graphic devices     

An updated PC-based assembly language programming laboratory

An undergraduate computer engineering laboratory that supports a one-quarter, PC (personal computer)-based assembly language programming course is described. The course sequence is required for the computer engineering and is taken as a technical elective by many students in electrical engineering. The novel features of this state-of-the-art laboratory include a symbolic debugger with support for Assembly and high-level languages, a local area network of PCs, online documentation, and a RGB projector for interactive classroom demonstration     

用C语言调用汇编语言的方法与实现

<正> 近年来,C语言作为当今最流行的程序设计语言,已经越来越受到计算机工程技术人员的青睐。它兼顾了多种高级语言的特点,具有处理功能强、使用灵活、有良好的移植性。而汇编语言则是计算机能提供给用户的最快而又最有效的语言,也是能够利用计算机所有硬件特性并能直接控制硬件的唯一语言。因而在对于程序的空间和时间要求很高的场合,汇编语言是必不可少的;而对于需要直接存取、控制硬件的应用场合,则更是非汇编语言莫属。     

A mathematical programming approach to service restoration for distribution systems

This paper aims to develop a suitable power system restoration method by using mathematical programming (MP). Generally, the problem of determining the target configuration can be formulated as a mixed integer programming (MIP) problem. Whether or not each branch is included in a target system is expressed as a 0–1 variable, while the other constraints such as the demand and supply balance conditions are formulated in terms of continuous variables. Although an MP‐based method can obtain an optimal solution under specified operational constraints, in the case of large‐scale problems the solution time often exceeds the computation time that is practically available due to combinatorial explosion. The object of this paper is to develop an efficient solution algorithm for service restoration in distribution systems. First, an MIP problem is solved to determine the sound network configuration that maximizes the available power to the out‐of‐service area, then an MIP problem is solved to determine the target configuration for the out‐of‐service network. The proposed method has been applied to distribution system restoration problems, and simulation results demonstrate its effectiveness. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 135(4): 35–42, 2001     

Application of evolutionary programming to reactive powerplanning-comparison with nonlinear programming approach

This paper proposes an application of evolutionary programming (EP) to reactive power planning (RPP). Several techniques have been developed to make EP practicable to solve a real power system problem and other practical problems. The proposed approach has been used in the IEEE 30-bus system and a practical power system. For illustration purposes, only results for the IEEE 30-bus system are given. Simulation results, compared with those obtained by using a conventional gradient-based optimization method, Broyden's method, are presented to show that the present method is better for power system planning. In the case of optimization of noncontinuous and nonsmooth functions, EP is much better than nonlinear programming. The comprehensive simulation results show a great potential for applications of EP in power system economical and secure operation, planning and reliability assessment     

A logic programming approach to fault diagnosis in distribution ring networks

The prime objective in the operation of a distribution system is to supply power to the customers and to meet their load demands. Whilst the probability of fault in high voltage and extra high voltage networks is low, the chance of fault in distribution networks is relatively high. When a fault occurs in a distribution network, it must be identified and removed immediately so that power can be restored as soon as possible. This paper develops a logic model for diagnosing faults in distribution ring networks. Methods in the model for representing network configurations, faults, symptoms of faults and defects are presented. Fault-finding rules are developed from the relations between the faults and their symptoms, including the effects of hidden defects due to battery failures and open-circuited pilot-wire circuits in the feeder protection systems. A logic program is developed based on the logic model and it is implemented by a goal-directed language, Prolog. The power of the logic program system for fault diagnosis is demonstrated through its application to an 11 kV distribution network.     

Flexible programming approach to security-constrained economic dispatch

An approach to the solution of security-constrained economic dispatch is proposed. A flexible programming technique is used which permits uncertainties in the load-demand profile to be taken into consideration in the determination of the optimal solution to economic dispatch under line-flow constraints. A linear-programming formulation of the security-constrained dispatch is the basis of this approach which provides not only the optimal dispatch policy but also the optimal amount of generation reserve needed to accommodate uncertainties in the load.     

基于汇编语言的32位二进制、十进制转换及应用

以居民用电量及电费计算为研究背景,创造性地提出了利用汇编语言实现32位二进制数转换为十进制的具体方法,并提供了相应的代码,对今后基于汇编语言进行更多位数的二、十进制转换具有抛砖引玉之意义。     

A queue-based interval-fuzzy programming approach for electric-power systems planning

In this study, a queue-based interval-fuzzy electric-power system (QIF-ESP) model is developed through coupling fuzzy queue (FQ) theory with interval-parameter programming (IPP). QIF-ESP cannot only handle uncertainties that are presented in terms of fuzzy sets and interval numbers, but also reflect the effects of fuzzy queue on energy resources allocation and system cost. The QIF-EPS model is applied to a case study of planning a regional-scale electric-power system, where two FM/FM/1 (fuzzy exponential interarrival time, fuzzy exponential service time, and one server) queues are incorporated within the modeling framework. Interval solutions with fuzzy arrival and service rates have been generated, which result in different energy resources allocation patterns as well as changed waiting costs and system costs. Compared with the conventional optimization methods, the QIF-ESP model can effectively handle queue problems and multiple uncertainties exist in energy-related processes and activities. Moreover, consideration of queuing problem impacts in the optimization model can provide more useful information for decision makers and gain in-depth insights into the effects of queuing problems for electric-power systems under multiple uncertainties.     

TMS320LF240xDSP汇编语言与C语言的混合编程

介绍了基于TMS320LF240xDSP系列芯片使用C语言和汇编语言混合编程来开发应用程序的方法和一些编程实例。     

A linear programming approach to online set membership parameter estimation for linear regression models

This paper presents a new technique for online set membership parameter estimation of linear regression models affected by unknown‐but‐bounded noise. An orthotopic approximation of the set of feasible parameters is updated at each time step. The proposed technique relies on the solution of a suitable linear program, whenever a new measurement leads to a reduction of the approximating orthotope. The key idea for preventing the size of the linear programs from steadily increasing is to propagate only the binding constraints of these optimization problems. Numerical studies show that the new approach outperforms existing recursive set approximation techniques, while keeping the required computational burden within the same order of magnitude. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A fast linear programming approach to the design of 1D IIR digital filters

A general method is proposed for the design of optimal 1D IIR digital filters via linear programming. the method is based upon the formulation of an appropriate linear problem which assures satisfactory approximation error for the filter's magnitude frequency response. the linear problem does not require differential correction methods or other iterative techniques for its solution, thus resulting in a computationally efficient algorithm. Analytical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the method for the design of stable 1D recursive digital filters.     

ADSP-TS101S汇编语言编程优化

文章对ADSP-TS101S体系结构的特点进行了分析,对其汇编语言软件编程的几种优化措施进行了研究。实例证明,通过软件优化措施,芯片处理速度可以得到很大的提升。     

A hybrid artificial neural network-dynamic programming approach forfeeder capacitor scheduling

A hybrid artificial neural network (ANN) dynamic programming (DP) method for optimal feeder capacitor scheduling is presented in this paper. To overcome the time-consuming problem of full dynamic programming method, a strategy of ANN assisted partial DP is proposed. In this method, the DP procedures are performed on historical load data offline. The results are managed and valuable knowledge is extracted by using cluster algorithms. By the assistance of the extracted knowledge, a partial DP of reduced size is then performed online to give the optimal schedule for the forecasted load. Two types of clustering algorithms, hard clustering by Euclidean algorithm and soft clustering by an unsupervised learning neural network, are studied and compared in the paper. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by a typical feeder in Taipei City with its 365 days' load records. It is found that execution time of scheduling is highly reduced, while the cost is almost the same as the optimal one derived from full DP     

Quadratic programming approach to reactive power optimization on the primary feeders

Contents In this paper we suggest the use of the quadratic programming technique to determine the optimum size and location of shunt capacitors on radial distribution feeders so as to maximize overall savings, including the cost of capacitors. The saving function which is of quadratic form is maximized for a set of linear inequality constraints by using quadratic programming. — For quadratic programming, efficient alogrithms have been developed which can easily be implemented on digital computers. — The approach is illustrated by an application to a typical distribution feeder of 23 kV.

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Blindleistungsoptimierung an primären Einspeisungen mit Hilfe quadratischer Programmierung

Übersicht Diese Arbeit stellt die Anwendung der quadratischen Programmierung zur Ermittlung optimaler Werte und Orte von Parallelkapazitäten an radialen Verteilungen mit dem Ziel der Kosteneinsparung vor. Die Methode ist an einer 23-kV-Verteilung entwickelt und überprüft worden.

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Nomenclature A M×N array of constraint coefficients - B M vector of constrain limits - C N×M array of quadratic coefficients, from objective function - E Energy loss caused by reactive current in the feeder - E Reduction in energy loss - I _ck Capacitor current injected at nodek - Î _k Maximum reactive load current at nodek - K _c Annual cost per unit of installed capacitor ($/A) - K _E Per unit energy production cost ($/kWh) - K _P Annual cost per unit of power loss ($/kW) - m _k Reactive load factor for loadk - M Number of constraints - N Number of structural variables - P N vector of linear term coefficients from objective function - P Peak power loss caused by reactive current in the feeder - P Reduction in peak power loss - R _k Line resistance for sectionk - S Net saving resulting from peak power and energy loss reduction - T Total period of the reactive load curve - X _k Line reactance for sectionk     

基于关系数据库的SQL查询语句的优化

为提高数据库的运行效率,分析了影响结构化查询语言（SQL）查询语句执行效率的因素．并在此基础上,研究了对SQL查询语句进行优化的基本方法,包括数据类型、搜索参数、数学操作符等方面的合理使用。同时指出,实践中程序员应反复试验、比较不同的语句,以得到最佳的方案。     

TMS320C2XX 汇编语言程序开发实践

详细阐述在CC(Code Composer)V4．10开发环境中,编写连接器连接命令文件的格式和方法;列举C2000汇编指令最常见的编程错误,并分析其原因;最后介绍TREG和PREG寄存器保护和恢复指令的实现技巧。     

An initial object-oriented programming language (IOPL) and its implementation

Object-oriented programming languages designed for introductory teaching simplify the often overcomplex features of conventional languages, but usually do so within software development environments that mimic their conventional counterparts. In such systems, semantic checking is performed after the editing process and within a conventional edit-compile-execute cycle. The initial object-oriented programming language (IOPL) provides incremental semantic checking via a structure editor that manipulates the persistent abstract syntax representation of an application and ensures that no syntax errors and no type errors occur during the editing process.     

Fuzzy dynamic programming approach to reactive power/voltagecontrol in a distribution substation

A fuzzy dynamic programming (FDP) approach is proposed for solving the reactive power/voltage control problem in a distribution substation. The main purpose is to improve the voltage profile on the secondary bus and restrain the reactive power flow into a main transformer at the same time. To reach our objectives, the load tap changer (LTC) usually installed in a main transformer is employed to adjust the secondary voltage and the capacitor connected to the secondary bus is employed to compensate the reactive power flow for the load demands. We first forecast the real and reactive power demands of a main transformer and its primary voltages for the next day. With these forecasting data at hand, a fast LTC tap position estimation formula that takes the load models into account is derived to effectively reduce the computational burden for the proposed approach. Practical constraints on bus voltage limits, maximum allowable number switching operations in a day for the LTC and capacitor and the tolerable worst power factor for a main transformer are also considered. To demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed approach, reactive power/voltage control at a distribution substation within the service area of Taipei City District Office of Taiwan Power Company is investigated. It is found that a proper dispatching schedule for the LTC and capacitor can be reached by the proposed approach     

A multi-area linear programming approach for analysis of economicoperation of the Indian power system

The paper discusses the major planning issues pertaining to economic operation of power systems in India viz. integrated operation of the State Electricity Boards (SEBs) through formation of the National Grid, optimal sharing of central sector generation by the SEBs, time-of-day pricing policy for power trading among the SEBs optimal expansion of National Grid and streamlining the coal production and transportation for optimal System operation. A multi-area linear programming (LP) model, NATGRID, is developed to quantify the benefits from National Grid operation, suggest optimal sharing norms for central sector generation and formulate time-of-day pricing scheme for interutility power trading. Four interregional transmission projects are identified by exploiting the duals of the LP problem, for expansion of National Grid. The bottlenecks in coal production and transportation systems are indicated and the system cost savings from removing them are quantified. The analysis aims at encouraging and motivating the utilities to accept the idea of co-operation and making investment more cost-effective