用于超短激光脉冲技术的高精度数字同步机的研究

数字同步机是用来解决超短激光脉冲输出大晃动问题的一种高精度宽延时范围的数字同步系统.对于不同的延时时间,以巧妙地运用数字延时和模拟延时相结合的方法,满足不同延时时间的实验要求,保证了各延时段临界点的延时精度.数字同步机实现一路标准时钟脉冲输出,四路延时脉冲输出,输出脉冲的晃动值≤500ps,很好地满足了实验要求.     

Single-chip CMOS pulse generator for UWB systems

This paper presents a single-chip pulse generator developed for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) wireless communication systems based on impulse radio technology. The chip has been integrated in a CMOS 130-nm technology with a single supply voltage of 1.2 V. The basic concept is to combine different delayed edges in order to form a very short duration "logical" pulse, and then filter it, so as to obtain an UWB pulse. It is possible to vary the output pulse shape, and thus the corresponding spectrum, just by acting on the delayed edge combination. Furthermore, the pulse generator supports both position modulation (2-PPM) and polarity modulation (BPSK modulation) in order to convey data through the air. Its power consumption remains less than 10 mW for a raw data rate of up to 160 Mb/s. Spectral and temporal measurements of the single-chip pulse generator are presented with an illustration of the modulation effects on the power spectral density (PSD).     

固体雪崩管快脉冲源的研制

固体雪崩管被触发工作在雪崩或二次击穿瞬间时能输出很大的脉冲峰值电流,且触发晃动和上升时间都很小,因此广泛用于制作重复频率低而脉冲功率高的快脉冲源。近几年研制了几种用于纳秒同步机的单管源,应用于产生较宽快沿方波,并且研制出微分波的多管串并联源,应用于纳秒高压产生器中触发氢闸管的多管串联源。     

Generating short pulses using delay line coupled GaAs NOR gates

A sinewave triggered GaAs pulse generator based on the delay line principle is introduced. With this concept short pulses of less than 100 ps duration and more than 5 GHz cycle time may be realised. Typical results of a test model, which was realised in microstrip technique, are presented.<>     

Simple picosecond pulse generation scheme for injection lasers

A simple scheme is reported for generating picosecond optical pulses from injection lasers based on short electrical pulse excitation. An integrated step recovery diode impulse-train generator (`comb? generator) which gives 50 ps 25 V electrical pulses at 200 to 500 MHz rates is used to drive the injection lasers. Optical pulses as short as 40 ps are generated by the corresponding electrical drive pulses.     

Energy-Efficient Low-Complexity CMOS Pulse Generator for Multiband UWB Impulse Radio

This paper presents an energy-efficient low-complexity pulse-generator design technique for multiband impulse-radio ultrawide-band (IR-UWB) system in 0.18-${mu}hbox{m}$ CMOS technology. The short pulses are generated based on the on/off switching operation of an oscillator with subband switching functionality, which is mandatory for multiband IR-UWB systems. The relation between the oscillator switching operation and the resulting output pulse envelope, which determines pulse spectral characteristics, is analyzed, and the design guidelines for topology and component values are presented. Measurements show the output pulses with the duration of 3.5 ns, which corresponds to 520-MHz bandwidth. The output pulse spectrum centered at 3.8 GHz fully complies with the Federal Communication Commission spectral mask with more than 25 dB of sidelobe suppression without the need for additional filtering. Thus, the low-complexity pulse generator can maintain its simplicity for low cost with core chip size of 0.3 $hbox{mm}^{2}$. The pulse generator shows an excellent energy efficiency with average energy dissipation of 16.8 pJ per pulse from 1.5-V supply. The proposed pulse generator is best suited for energy-detection IR-UWB systems.      

A CMOS UWB Pulse Generator for 6–10 GHz Applications

A CMOS ultra wideband (UWB) pulse generator with low energy dissipation and high peak amplitude is presented for 6–10 GHz applications. The pulse generator complies with the FCC spectral mask for indoor UWB systems. It consists of a glitch generator, a pulsed oscillator, and a pulse shaping filter. The pulsed oscillator is switched on by the glitch signal only for a short duration, so as to make a UWB pulse. For sub-nanosecond pulse generation, a pulsed oscillator with fast transient response is proposed. A pulse shaping filter makes the oscillator output fall into the FCC spectral mask. The pulse generator is fabricated using a 0.18 $mu$ m CMOS process. The core chip has a size of 0.11 mm $^{2}$. It shows pulse duration of about 500 ps with ${-}10$ dB bandwidth of 4.5 GHz from 5.9 to 10.4 GHz. The energy consumption is 27.6 pJ per pulse with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 673 mV on a 50 $Omega$ output load. The generated pulses are very coherent with 1.8 ps RMS jitter.      

超宽带Scholtz’s单周期脉冲的产生电路设计

以并联阶跃恢复二极管（SRD）窄脉冲发生器为基础,结合简单的RLC电路,设计一种直接产生Scholtz’s单周期脉冲的电路结构。这种脉冲近似二次微分高斯脉冲,是超宽带系统中使用较多的一种波形。文章主要讨论了电路原理与设计方法,并进行了仿真验证。仿真结果显示该电路所产生的脉冲信号具有良好的波形,是一种适合于超宽带通信系统的窄脉冲信号产生电路。     

高压毫微秒脉冲反冲的减小

利用亚纳秒脉冲放电管可以获得快前沿高幅值毫微少脉冲。脉冲的反冲在实际使用当中不希望有的。本文提出了三种减小脉冲反冲的办法：①增加阳极电容法；②三阶电路法；③损耗法；获得了满意的结果。     

皮秒级快速任意脉冲波形发生器

研制了一种基于光脉冲堆积和光电转换技术的任意脉冲波形发生器,其可输出一个由多路子脉冲堆积而成的电脉冲信号,该电脉冲形状可任意调整,脉冲前后沿陡峭（小于100 ps）。该任意脉冲波形发生器适用于任何需产生快速电脉冲的场合,在实验室、军用、工业加工等诸多领域的数据采集、波形分析和处理方面都有广阔的应用前景。目前该产品在国内虽有开发研制,但成熟的只有低速产品,因此研制出成熟可用的快速任意脉冲波形发生器有很大的现实意义。     

Microwave Traveling-Wave Tube Millimicrosecond Pulse Generators

For some time, short pulse techniques have played a useful part in the microwave art. In order to obtain better resolution, equipment for generating and viewing microwave pulses about six millimicroseconds long was developed and described previously. The regenerative pulse generator in that equipment was rather complex and difficult to build and adjust. A much simpler generator of pulses with about the same time duration is now being used. It produces short pulses by properly gating a conventional microwave signal source with a traveling-wave amplifier having suitable transient voltages applied to both its helix and its beam-forming electrode. It is easier to construct and operate, requires fewer components, and gives a more stable output. It can be used at any frequency where a signal source and a traveling-wave amplifier are available. The pulse frequency can be set anywhere within the amplifier bandwidth. Both generators are described and compared. Equipment for receiving, displaying, and measuring the pulses is also briefly discussed. Pulse shapes and resolutions are shown on oscilloscope photos.     

一种有载频超宽带脉冲源设计

针对无载频脉冲低频分量大、辐射效率低、频带可调性差等问题,设计了一种以阶跃恢复二极管、D触发器及超宽带调制器为主的宽频带、高重复频率、低振铃水平的有载频超宽带脉冲源。该脉冲源电路由驱动电路、高速开关电路、整形电路、超宽带调制器及振荡器电路组成。实测结果表明,脉冲源输出脉冲信号重复频率可达125 MHz,脉冲宽度600 ps（底宽）,脉冲振铃水平低于10%,峰-峰值为5.4 V,-10 dB带宽可达4.2 GHz。脉冲信号中心频率与载频相同,可在6.6~8.5 GHz之间灵活设置。利用所设计的脉冲源进行时域测量,其结果与矢量网络分析仪频域测量结果相比幅频特性均方根误差小于0.21 dB。该脉冲源可应用于超宽带时域测量、短距离高速无线通信、高精度室内定位等应用。     

Stable 80-GHz short pulse generation using the cascaded polarization-maintaining fiber loop mirrors

In this work, an optical short pulse generator is designed consisting of a pulse compressor and cascaded notch filter type repetition rate doublers. The performance characteristics such as pulsewidth and peak power as a function of design parameters are studied. The pulse compressor is optimized based on the simulation results. The 6-ps-wide pulses at 20-GHz repetition rate directly generated from mode-locked fiber laser are compressed to 1.25-ps-wide pulses. Using a set of polarization-maintaining fiber loop mirrors, the repetition rate is quadrupled and stable 1.45-ps-wide pulses at 80 GHz are achieved.     

绝缘老化试验高压脉冲发生器的研制

介绍一种绝缘老化试验高压脉冲发生器的研制。此高压脉冲发生器结构选择模块化串联结构,采用MOSFET作为发生器的开关元件,可输出空载上升沿小于120ns、电压峰峰值0—10kV的方波脉冲。     

A Calibrated Pulse Generator for Impulse-Radio UWB Applications

A 100-Mb/s pulse position modulation generator is presented for impulse-radio ultra-wideband applications. The pulse generator provides a data rate of 100 Mb/s and a pulse width of 1 ns. To achieve an accurate pulse position and pulse width, a mixed-mode calibration circuit is used to calibrate the output buffer of the delay-locked loop. The proposed circuit has been fabricated in a 0.35-mum CMOS process. After the calibration, the measurement results show that both the pulse-width error and the pulse-position error are less than 4%     

A 750 Mb/s, 12 pJ/b, 6-to-10 GHz CMOS IR-UWB Transmitter With Embedded On-Chip Antenna

This paper presents a novel impulse radio based ultra-wideband transmitter. The transmitter is designed in 0.18 mum CMOS process realizing extremely low complexity and low power. It exploits the 6-to-10 GHz band to generate short duration bi-phase modulated UWB pulses with a center frequency of 8 GHz. No additional RF filtering circuits are required since the pulse generator circuit itself has the functionality of pulse shaping. Generated pulses comply with the FCC spectral emission mask. Measured results show that the transmitter consumes 12 pJ/b to achieve a maximum pulse repetition rate of 750 Mb/s. An optional embedded on-chip antenna and a power amplifier operating in 6-10 GHz band are also designed and investigated as a future low cost solution for very short distance IR-UWB communications.     

Triggered Operation of Tunnel Diode Oscillators and Pulse Generators

This paper describes a method of designing the optimum monostable tunnel diode switch: optimum in the sense that it permits the highest switching rate for the minimum expense of the output pulse height for a given tunnel diode. The selection criteria of the tunnel diode for high speed switching applications are also given. The method is based on a unified theory of operation of the tunnel diode oscillator and pulse generator by means of a graphical analysis, taking the nonlinear nature of the diode into consideration. The theory explains the phase-gated microwave oscillation; an experimental 9-GHz oscillator generated a very short carrier pulse consisting of any controlled number of oscillation cycles, even of one cycle, thus reducing itself to a monostable pulse generator. 4-GHz oscillators of the optimum design using 20-mA, GaAs tunnel diodes have been demonstrated to be capable of operating as the monostable switch at 2-GHz repetition rate. This is an improvement of the speed capability of the device which has been limited below one GHz.     

On the Development of an Integrated CMOS-Based UWB Tunable-Pulse Transmit Module

A novel low-cost low-power fully integrated tunable transmit module composed of a tunable CMOS monocycle pulse generator and compact uniplanar antenna was designed, built, and tested for ultra-wideband (UWB) impulse systems. The CMOS tunable pulse generator integrates a tuning delay circuit, square-wave generator, impulse-forming circuit, and pulse-shaping circuit in a single chip using a standard low-cost 0.25-$muhbox m$CMOS process. It can generate a monocycle pulse and Gaussian-type impulse (without the pulse-shaping circuitry) signals with tunable pulse duration. A compact uniplanar UWB antenna was also developed and integrated directly with the CMOS pulse generator chip to form the complete integrated tunable UWB transmit module. Measured results show that the CMOS tunable pulse generator can produce a 0.3–0.6-V peak-to-peak monocycle pulse with 140–350-ps tunable pulse duration and a 0.5–1.3-V peak-to-peak impulse signal with 100–300-ps tunable pulse-duration, and the uniplanar antenna has less than a 18-dB return loss and is suitable for transmitting/receiving UWB time-domain impulse signals covering the entire UWB bandwidth of 3.1–10.6 GHz. Good agreement between measured and calculated performance is also achieved. The UWB transmit module was experimentally characterized and its performance is verified. This UWB module finds applications in various time-domain UWB systems including wireless communications and radar.     

高重复频率纳秒级脉冲发生器研究

为实现高重复频率纳秒级脉冲输出,提出了采用射频功率MOSFET,基于感应叠加拓扑的脉冲发生器。脉冲发生器采用15个模块化组件,每个组件输出670 V/50 A 脉冲,每个组件的输出脉冲在感应变压器次级串联叠加,得到10 kV/50 A 高压脉冲。为实现脉冲前沿小于5 ns,必须尽量降低脉冲变压器漏感以及组件和系统的回路电感。感应脉冲变压器采用圆柱形同轴结构,初次级均为单匝,并且和脉冲发生器单元一体化设计,以减小漏感以及组件分布电感。采用大功率驱动电路和同步触发器,实现MOSFET 开关的快速导通和关断,以及触发的一致性。仿真结果显示设计能够满足指标要求。     

Theory of an optical pulse generator

The theory of an optical pulse generator, consisting of a solid-state laser with a saturable absorber at one end of the cavity, is considered in some detail. Equations are obtained using third-order perturbation theory for the nonlinear medium and Maxwell's equations for the cavity which describe the behavior of the absorber in bringing the modes into phase alignment. Using simplifying assumptions, it is shown that short pulses are a solution of these equations and that they are a stable solution, provided that the dye fluorescence decay time is sufficiently short. We discuss the ability of the device to mode-lock when opposed by dispersion within the cavity. Computer solutions of the full equations for nine coupled modes are obtained, which demonstrate the development of the pulse in real time, and show the effects of cavity dispersion and long dye fluorescence decay time. A suggestion for a shaped-pulse generator is presented. The limitations of this theory, the most stringent of which being the restriction to the regime of validity of perturbation theory, are discussed.