The rockbursts in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland

Coal mining realised in Upper Silesian Coal Basin is the main course of occurrence of bumps and rock-bumps. Geodynamical phenomena described as the rock-bumps occur in the area of GZW from the end of the 19th century. The mechanism of the rock-bumps phenomenon, due to the complexity, didn??t allow elaborating the completely effective method of its forecasting. However, increasing amount and the scale of rock-bumps, due to the development of mining, have extorted the scientific circles to perform works devoted to the elaborating newer and newer and better and better methods of the assessment of liability to rock-bumps, likewise methods of rock-bumps hazard assessment.     

Main Key Heritage Adit (Sztolnia Dziedziczna) in Zabrze,Upper Silesian Coal Basin,Poland

Mine Water and the Environment - The Main Key Heritage Adit in Zabrze was used during from 1799 to 1953 to drain a series of underground coal mines and is the longest such facility in Europe. It...     

The Occurrence and Quality of Mine Water in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin,Poland

The mining of coal in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin and the relatively recent closure of many of these mines during the past two to three decades has affected surface and underground water quality. Regulations in Poland are designed to protect active mining operations rather than water quality and water environment. Dewatering mechanisms in abandoned coal mines and characteristics of water pumped (quality, temperature) are discussed.     

The probability of rockburst occurrence in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin area dependent on natural mining conditions

The presented assessment system of the rockburst occurrence probability and of the state of rockburst hazard takes into account the natural conditions of mining operations over the Upper Silesian Coal Basin area. The principal assessment factors governing the rockburst occurrence probability and the state of rockburst hazard, which have been included in the author’s system, are as follows: depth of coal seam, rock mass structure, geomechanical properties of rocks, energetic properties of rocks, coal seam thickness, distance between a coal seam and a potential seismogenic layer, maximum seismic energy of tremors from a given coal seam. The following four classes of rockburst hazard have been distinguished: no hazard, low hazard, moderate hazard, high hazard. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 55–62, November–December, 2006.     

Water Hazard Assessment in Active Shafts in Upper Silesian Coal Basin Mines

Since 1976, there have been six inrushes of water into shaft mine workings in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland, with two of the more serious events occurring during the last 3 years. A safety assessment was conducted, considering inflow intensity, the amount of suspended material contained in the water flowing into the shaft, the proportion of water-bearing formations in the vertical profile, the condition of the shaft lining and safety pillar, and the history of the shaft. A risk assessment system is proposed to classify mine shafts with respect to the risk of a water hazard occurring, based on these factors. Each of the risk factors was assigned a weight, based on their relative significance, and then a method of evaluating each of these factors was developed. The proposed approach may be the basis for a more detailed, expert system for timely assessment of water hazard risk analysis. It may also be possible to adapt it to different geological and mining conditions.     

Impact of lead/zinc ore mining on groundwater quality in Trzebionka mine (southern Poland)

The intensive mining activity carried out by “Trzebionka” zinc-lead mine causes changes in the hydrodynamic regime of the triassic aquifer as well as essential changes in the chemical composition of the groundwater. The mine water, in comparison with groundwaters collected directly from fractures and Karstic channels and with groundwaters pumped out from wells situated in Chrzanow region, is characterized by higher contents of almost all major dissolved constituents as, well as, many trace elements. Hydrogeochemical background of triassic carbonate series aquifer has been elaborated. Largest anomalies in extent of almost all elements have occurred in area of the “Trzebionka” mine. In this water general trend of increase of pH, total dissolved solids and SO₄ ²⁻ concentration with simultaneous trends of decrease of Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ concentrations have been noticed. Water pumped out from the mine in spite of its low quality, is utilized in about 80% as potable water after undergoing complicated treatment.     

Selected ions and major and trace elements as contaminants in coal-waste dump water from the Lower and Upper Silesian Coal Basins (Poland)

Many temporary and permanent reservoirs of water occur on or near coal-waste dumps in the Lower-and Upper Silesian Coal Basins (Poland).Little or nothing is kno...     

Mechanical Properties of Carboniferous Rocks in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin under Uniaxial and Triaxial Compression Tests

Many years' studies of geological properties or rocks from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin have resulted in acquisition of a substantial data base of mechanical parameters or rocks over the total strain range. It is found that the post-peak rock properties are closely related with the peak strength and the pre-peak properties. The relationship between the uniaxial ultimate strength, elastic modulus, and drop modulus are determined. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 44–48, March–April, 2005.     

Determining of safety pillars in the vicinity of water reservoirs in mine workings within abandoned mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB)

Against a background of hydrodynamic conditions connected with abandoning of significant number of mines and vast water reservoirs forming within them, basic methods of the assessment of strength of safety pillars used in coal mines in the USCB are presented. In the light of geomechanical research and conditions in mines in the USCB, the paper indicates a possibility of verification of safety pillar dimensions. On the example of one of mines in the USCB conditions for safety pillars stability in complicated mining conditions are assessed. The author also proposes a methodology of attempt and safety zones indication for existing safety pillars which would simultaneously be safety zones for designed exploitation.     

Using the DRASTIC System to Assess the Vulnerability of Ground Water to Pollution in Mined Areas of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin

Abstract  An attempt was made to use the U.S. EPA DRASTIC ranking system to assess the vulnerability of ground water in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Analysis of the various system components indicate that several DRASTIC factors would have to be modified to consider the effects of mining, subsidence, and ground water rebound.     

望田煤矿开采对地下水影响的研究

根据望田煤矿的地质情况,计算煤层开采后形成的冒落带和裂缝带的高度以及煤矿开采排水导致地下水位降落漏斗分布范围,分析煤层开采对上部和下部含水层以及村民用水的影响,预测评估了2011-2015年采矿活动对地下含水层的影响。     

Impact of coal mining on groundwater of Luohe Formation in Binchang mining area

Groundwater of Luohe Formation is the main water source for industrial and agricultural and residential use in Binchang mining area,which is one of the key elem...     

煤矿采煤生产过程对地下水的影响与防治

煤层开采后处于氧化环境,硫铁矿与矿井水和空气接触后,经过一系列的氧化、水解等反应,使水呈酸性,形成酸性矿井水。该文对酸性矿井水的危害、形成原因进行了简单的阐述,并提出了防治措施。     

东滩煤矿高潜水位采煤塌陷地土壤含水量变化规律研究

应用地统计学中克里格插值法分析高潜水位采煤沉陷地土壤水分的分布特征,并建立土壤含水量与距离空间分布模型,得出高潜水位采煤沉陷地土壤含水量的变化规律,为农作物估产,塌陷地耕地损害等级评价以及耕地损害补偿提供参考依据.     

Impact of Open Pit Mining in Gorlovka Coal Basin on Large Earthquakes

Journal of Mining Science - The implemented research aimed to assess the impact of open pit coal mining in Gorlovka deposit on the seismicity in the Iskitim area of the Novosibirsk Region. The...     

露天煤矿地下水环境影响分析及质量评价

以潞安新疆煤化工(集团)有限公司露天煤矿地下水环境为研究背景,明确了矿区的地下含水层、隔水层及补给情况,采用库萨金法计算地下水影响半径,详细分析了露天煤矿开采对矿区地下水水量及水质的影响状况,通过布置监测点收集矿区地下水监测数据,并采用单因子污染指数法对监测结果进行有效评价。     

Control of groundwater in surface mining

The presence of groundwater in surface mining operations often creates serious problems. The most important is generally a reduction in stability of the pit slopes. This is caused by pore water pressures and hydrodynamic shock due to blasting which reduce the shear strength and seepage pressures, water in tension cracks and increased unit weight which increase the shear stress. Groundwater and seepage also increase the cost of pit drainage, shipping, drilling and blasting, tyre wear and equipment maintenance. Surface erosion may also be increased and, in northern climates, ice flows on the slopes may occur. Procedures have been developed in the field of soil mechanics and engineering of dams to obtain quantitative data on pore water pressures and rock permeability, to evaluate the influence of pore water and seepage pressures on stability and to estimate the magnitude of ground-water flow. Based on field investigations, a design can be prepared for the control of groundwater in the slope and in the pit. Methods of control include the use of horizontal drains, blasted toe drains, construction of adits or drainage tunnels and pumping from wells in or outside of the pit. Recent research indicates that subsurface drainage can be augmented by applying a vacuum or by selective blasting. Instrumentation should be installed to monitor the groundwater changes created by drainage. Typical case histories are described that indicate the approach used to evaluate groundwater conditions.     

关于煤矿开采过程中地下水的防治策略研究

由于煤矿工作性质的原因,在开采过程中会对地下水造成一定程度的污染[1],需要采取一定的防治措施来确保煤矿的安全生产。本文以山西晋煤集团阳城晋圣固隆煤业有限公司为例,说明矿井充水因素分析及水害防治措施,希望能为煤矿工作者带来一些帮助。     

开采二1煤扰动破坏对底板隔水层的影响分析

河南与河北南部地区开采二1煤扰动破坏对底板隔水层的破坏已经越来越严重的威胁到矿井的安全生产.文章尝试了用FLAC3D数值模拟软件构建了数学-力学模型,确定了数学模型边界条件,利用FLAC3D程序进行数值模拟分析.模拟采动引起的底板位移规律、底板塑形区的变化特征和应力集中特征,通过对数值模拟结果进行分析,提出底板扰动程度的"三带"假说,并结合工程实践经验,得出了煤层底板"三带"的范围.为防治底板高压水通过导水构造突入矿井、采空区的水灾事故提供了理论依据,对同类条件下的回采工作面的安全生产具有一定的理论指导意义.