Strain resistance of steel during roll ingotless rolling

The variation of the strain resistance during roll ingotless rolling has been considered; this variation is found to depend on the ratio of the solidification-zone length to the plastic-deformation-zone length, which affects the strain and strain rate. As the metal temperature increases and approaches the solidus temperature, the dependence of the strain resistance on the strain rate becomes much more pronounced. Relations for the calculation of the thermomechanical strain parameters and the strain-hardening exponent are obtained.     

Cooling of roll and strip in steel rolling

Adequate cooling of the roll and strip is of considerable importance for mill designers, process engineers, and consumers. The purpose of this paper is to review recent heat-transfer research of the cooling technology in the steel-rolling process. The importance of roll and strip cooling on the thermomechanical treatment will be discussed with an assessment of the research on the corresponding heat-transfer coefficients for various cooling systems currently used. Special laboratory apparatus resembling the cooling system used in steel mills has been developed to study the major parameters that control the cooling processes. Since the heat-transfer coefficient is the most important indicator of the effectiveness of a cooling system, the coefficient under various roll-cooling conditions is experimentally studied by the special apparatus and numerically evaluated by a finite difference technique.     

无取向硅钢热连轧工作辊热磨辊

为了解决正常生产结构条件下,无取向硅钢热连轧工作辊磨削辊形受热辊形影响难以获得工艺制度期望的初始辊形问题,结合无取向硅钢热轧生产过程,采用二维有限差分法建立了工作辊轧制过程中的工作辊温度场计算数学模型,使用有限元软件ANSYS建立了工作辊下机后空冷和喷淋冷却混和工艺条件下温度场模型,开展了无取向硅钢热轧工作辊一个完整使用周期内的温度场和热辊形仿真研究,提出了无取向硅钢工作辊热磨辊数学模型和热磨辊工艺制度,并投入生产应用.相同生产工艺条件下,1700热连轧机无取向硅钢轧制应用热磨模型和热磨工艺制度后,产品的凸度和楔形双达标率由67.39%提高到74.57%的明显生产实绩.     

薄带冷连轧工作辊窜辊边降调控功效

在冷连轧无取向硅钢薄带过程中,为了实现锥形工作辊窜动自动控制边降,需要合理的确定功效系数与策略。这种系数的获得,不只需要研究本道次的轧辊弹性变形、薄带横向流动、机架间变形对窜辊效率的影响,更重要的是需研究上游机架窜辊对下游机架的影响。这就需要高效的仿真模型来完成以上计算。基于边降区域的金属横向流动理论,建立了将横向流动视为纯剪切增量的数值模型,避免了沿带宽方向建立刚度矩阵,从而提高了计算效率。同时考虑了薄带在机架间发生的轧后屈服流动,由于锥形工作辊窜动,打破了带钢断面的等比例遗传关系,使得轧后带钢在边部区域需要缩宽并减薄来补偿边部延伸率差。所建立的数值模型通过工业现场实验验证,相比于原有模型具有更高的精度。完成了两个机架连续计算,研究了上游机架窜辊对下游机架出口边降的影响。研究发现,第一机架的边降控制范围最宽,第二、三机架控制范围逐渐变窄。根据该规律设计了根据三点边降偏差的配合调控策略,相比单点策略在工业应用中取得了更好效果。      

异径轧制低碳钢的力学性能参数与粗糙度实验研究

通过一系列薄带异步轧制的实验，给出了压下率、轧制速度、轧件宽度及润滑条件等参数对轧制力和轧制力矩的影响．轧制力和轧制力矩随着轧件压下率、轧件宽度的增加而增加；轧制速度增加时，轧制力和轧制力矩降低；在轧件涂抹润滑剂的轧制条件下，轧制力和轧制力矩也降低．轧制完成后，薄带的表面粗糙度的值减少．同时也探讨了异径轧制过程中轧件表面的粗糙度的演变．     

连轧钢管机凹型槽轧辊的研制

本文选用镍铬钼合金球墨铸铁材质，凹型槽直接铸出工艺，试制连轧钢管机轧辊。在冲天炉熔炼条件下，炉前采用轻稀土镁复合球化、孕育处理工艺，球化等级达到了2—3级。各项性能指标达到了GB／T1504—91的要求，轧辊使用性能达到了国内知名厂家同类产品的先进水平。     

Simplified approach for prediction of spread,roll load and torque in grooveless rolling of billets

Abstract

A simplified analytical approach has been developed to predict the spread, roll load and torque in the grooveless rolling of billets under various conditions of billet aspect ratio, height reduction ratio, friction coefficient and roll radius. The results obtained from the simplified analytical model are shown to be in fair agreement with those obtained from three-dimensional finite element simulation under the same conditions. The main merit of the proposed simplified analytical approach, as compared with three-dimensional finite element simulation, lies in the drastic reduction of computational time required in finite element simulation, which favours the effective use of such a simplified approach to design the rolling schedule and apply online control of grooveless rolling.     

带钢边部缺口在冷轧过程中的扩展规律

对带钢边部缺口在轧制过程中的扩展现象进行实验研究,分析了边部缺口长宽比和轧制压下量对缺口张开距离的影响。长宽比大的缺口在连续不可逆轧制后扩展成V型缺口;长宽比小于1时,轧制后缺口有被轧平的趋势,甚至最终消失;随着缺口长宽比的增大,轧后缺口扩展开裂的趋势越明显。利用弹塑性动态显式有限元对带钢边部缺口在轧制过程中的变化进行仿真,模拟结果与试验结果一致,表明边部缺口前缘的两侧沿轧制方向应力分量最大,最容易形成微小裂纹,进而形成开裂;多道次轧制中,后道次轧制对缺口最终形态的影响更加明显。     

合金钢棒材轧制的平均轧辊半径计算模型

 在合金钢棒材生产中,轧制过程中椭圆与圆孔型对棒材成品的尺寸精度及质量缺陷起决定性作用,在计算轧制工艺规程时一般用平均轧辊半径等效代替轧槽轮廓变化的轧辊半径,因此,平均轧辊半径计算模型的可靠程度对轧制工艺(轧制速度、压下量、轧制力等)的合理选取和产品几何尺寸精度的提升具有重要作用。在现有平均轧辊半径模型基础上,考虑不同合金钢种宽展影响,利用孔型轧制表面轮廓预测模型推导得出变形轧件断面形状与轧制临界点的求解公式,提出了用出口轧件断面面积与临界平均宽度来计算等效矩形平均高度的方法,得到了椭圆与圆孔型平均轧辊半径的新计算模型,并进行了轧制试验验证。试验结果表明,与现有模型相比,新计算模型在一定程度上提高了平均轧辊半径的计算精度。同时,基于合金成分影响系数探究了不同合金钢种轧制变形后的临界点分布对应关系。考虑到孔型侧壁直线的存在,对圆孔型轧制接触状态进行了阶段划分,当合金成分系数较小(碳结钢与珠光体-马氏体钢)时,轧制临界点落于圆弧轧槽上,所有计算模型均有效;当合金成分系数超过1.33(奥氏体钢与铁素体钢)时,轧制临界点扩展至侧壁直线上,原有计算模型失效,轧制工艺参数由新计算模型求解。基于新模型的合金钢种轧制临界分布对棒材轧制钢种变换工艺参数的快速制定具有重要指导意义。     

UCM冷连轧机边降控制工作辊辊形优化

国内大量应用的1 700 mm以下的UCM冷连轧机组不具备工作辊窜辊功能,只能依靠工作辊边部辊形设计对硅钢板带进行边降控制。提出了针对UCM冷连轧机的工作辊端部辊形设计方法,在大幅提高边降控制能力的同时,通过边部保护段的设计有效减少断带风险。辊形曲线有利于轧辊磨削,避免轧辊表面质量对带钢表面造成影响。充分利用工作辊与中间辊弯辊的板形调控特性,使用高效实用的弯辊力组合板形控制方法,对轧制过程中产生的二次和四次板形缺陷实施快速精确的控制,在控制硅钢边降的同时很好地抑制板形问题,具有重要的研究价值与推广前景。     

Thermal profile of work roll during strip hot rolling

The thermal expansion of work rolls during hot strip rolling was modeled by a two-dimensional difference method.The calculation model was validated by comparison between the predictions to the measured results.With that model,the effects of rolling process parameters such as the rolling plan,mill pacing,coolant flow rate and stepped cooling on the roll thermal profile were investigated.The result shows that stepped cooling of work rolls can be used to control complicated flatness defects such as quarter buckles during hot strip rolling.     

热连轧精轧高速钢轧辊重复上机初始辊形预报

针对热连轧精轧高速钢轧辊重复上机时存在残留磨损辊形和残留热辊形影响初始辊形的问题,分析了残留磨损辊形和残留热辊形对板形控制精度的影响及难点,得出轧辊温度场是高速钢轧辊重复上机初始热辊形最佳表征方式的结论,提出高速钢轧辊下机后空冷过程温度场建模思路,并建立轧辊空冷过程温度场计算模型。在此基础上,基于热连轧生产线二级系统框架,研究形成了高速钢轧辊重复上机初始辊形预报技术设计方案,并在首钢京唐公司1 580 mm热连轧生产线应用。应用结果表明,该技术对实现热连轧精轧高速钢轧辊更高效应用和提高板形控制精度有显著效果。     

单机架冷轧支撑辊边部剥落原因分析

针对单机架冷轧生产中高牌号硅钢过程中出现的支撑辊剥离现象进行了深入分析,分析认为,加工硬化、接触疲劳、辊身边部倒角设计及磨削量不足是造成轧辊剥落的主要原因,并结合生产实际提出合理的使用维护方法与预防措施。     

An approximate method for the calculation of crystal lattice energies

Summary An approximate formula is derived for calculating the energies of crystal lattices of compounds with a mixed type of bond. The formula is based on some of Pauling's concepts.