HJ数据的LBV变换及其在面向对象分类中的应用

为了探讨环境卫星影像在分类中的应用潜力,通过对其地物光谱进行分析,计算推导出了适用于环境卫星数据的LBV变换公式,并且将变换后得到的LBV图像应用到面向对象分类中。实验结果表明:推导的针对HJ\|1B影像的LBV变换公式具有普适性,并且经过LBV变换后的影像有效地弥补了环境卫星数据光谱分辨率不高的缺点,在分割参数相同的情况下,分割效果明显好于原始影像分割结果。利用变换后的LBV图像进行面向对象分类,可以很好地提取出水体、植被、城镇和建筑用地4大类,总体分类精度达到93%,Kappa系数为0.8894,表明经LBV变换后的HJ影像在面向对象分类中具有很大的应用潜力。     

基于半投影翘曲的无人机图像拼接方法

为了解决无人机图像在拼接过程中出现的错位、重影等造成图像失真的问题,提出一种基于半投影翘曲的无人机图像拼接方法。首先估计图像的全局投影变换矩阵;然后根据待拼接图像的重叠情况,以及投影变换和相似性变换的连续性,求解出过渡变换矩阵和相似性变换矩阵,得到最终的半投影变换矩阵;最后构建图像重叠区域的差异矩阵,以此为基础获取重叠区域的差异性区域。使用分区融合策略,在差异性区域进行单采样,其他区域进行距离加权融合。实验结果表明,该方法可以很好地拼接由于视角变化、地势起伏等造成视差的无人机图像,得到的拼接结果自然清晰,效果优于其他先进算法。该方法有效地解决了无人机图像拼接错位、重影的问题,在多项定量指标上表现良好。     

Spatial transformation and registration of brain images using elastically deformable models.

The development of algorithms for the spatial transformation and registration of tomographic brain images is a key issue in several clinical and basic science medical applications, including computer-aided neurosurgery, functional image analysis, and morphometrics. This paper describes a technique for the spatial transformation of brain images, which is based on elastically deformable models. A deformable surface algorithm is used to find a parametric representation of the outer cortical surface and then to define a map between corresponding cortical regions in two brain images. Based on the resulting map, a three-dimensional elastic warping transformation is then determined, which brings two images into register. This transformation models images as inhomogeneous elastic objects which are deformed into registration with each other by external force fields. The elastic properties of the images can vary from one region to the other, allowing more variable brain regions, such as the ventricles, to deform more freely than less variable ones. Finally, the framework of prestrained elasticity is used to model structural irregularities, and in particular the ventricular expansion occurring with aging or diseases, and the growth of tumors. Performance measurements are obtained using magnetic resonance images.     

大旋角无人机影像全自动拼接方法研究

低空无人机抗风能力弱、稳定性差,影像旋偏角大且存在突变,无法按照常规正射影像镶嵌方法获得全区域拼接影像。为此,提出一种基于尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)特征匹配与多分辨率样条融合的低空无人机影像全自动拼接方法。对非量测影像进行畸变校正,利用查找表设计多幅影像快速畸变校正算法。采用SIFT特征的单应约束影像匹配算法,计算相邻影像的最优变换矩阵。给出最优变换矩阵的多分辨率样条融合影像拼接算法。实验结果表明,该方法能够获得大量稳定的匹配点对,影像间几何变换关系稳定,得到的拼接影像无缝清晰,适用于大旋角、低稳定性的低空无人机影像非摄影测量快速拼接。     

一种基于边缘特征的图像配准方法

采用一种基于边缘特征的图像配准方法,首先通过小波变换来提取图像的边缘,然后将人工选择的边缘点代入仿射变换模型,得到配准参数（每选择一组不同的边缘点,就会得到不同的配准参数）。在不同的配准参数条件下,计算两幅图像的交互方差。取交互方差最小时所对应的配准参数为最终的配准参数。最后再利用仿射变换模型对待配准图像进行平移、旋转、缩放得到最终的配准图像。     

基于多进制小波变换的图象放大方法

多进制小波是近几年发展的小波分析理论的一个新分支，为了更好地进行图象的放大，提出了一个基于多进制小波变换的图象放大方法，并用三进制小波变换进行了图象的放大试验，通过与常用的插值放大方法进行比较的结果表明，基于多进制小波放大的图象能较好地保持原来图象的特征，优于一般的插值放大方法。     

基于复合变换的人脸光照补偿方案*

分析了非线性变换对图像产生的影响,提出一种复合变换补偿的方法.该方法产生的变换曲线两端起伏剧烈而中间平缓,有效地扩充了中间正常光照区域.选取了过亮、过暗和偏光等不同光照条件下的图像进行实验,结果表明该方法能对光照进行有效的补偿.     

基于图的Laplace谱的特征匹配

为了能对等距变换和相似变换后的图像进行精确匹配，提出了一种基于图的Laplace谱的特征匹配方法，该方法是首先给定两幅图像的特征点，然后分别定义其Laplace矩阵，再通过分析该矩阵的特征值及特征向量来构造特征点匹配矩阵；最后根据匹配矩阵元素的大小和位置信息来实现特征点匹配，并从理论上证明了该算法在对图像进行等距变换或相似变换情况下能获得精确匹配。实验结果表明，该方法对真实图像的匹配精度可达到82％。     

A New Method of Image Mosaicking and Its Application to Cultural Heritage Representation

This paper presents an original two-step procedure for estimating projective transformations between pairs of images: first, the transformation between the images is approximated as an affine transformation; second, this estimate is refined into that of a projective transformation. This strategy for matching projective views is computationally very efficient. The proposed method can be applied both to mosaicking of high resolution images of planar textured objects (e.g., frescoes and paintings), with subpixel accuracy, and to construction of panoramic images. Practical examples of mosaicking of cultural heritage imagery obtained by using the presented procedure are discussed in the paper.     

一种基于显微多光谱宫颈细胞图像自动分割方法

介绍了一种基于多光谱宫颈显微图像自动分割方法。细胞涂片每一个局部区域经过显微镜放大后再通过电调谐光器件分别取出不同光谱波段的图像，经过CCD送入计算机后得到该视场分析所需的多光谱图像。从所获得的多光谱图像中选择一定的波段图像对数变换相除、多阈值分割和形态学操作，最后获得宫颈细胞的胞浆和胞核覆盖层。本文首次将多光谱分析应用到宫颈显微图像分割中，具有分割准确、分割速度快、能够去除胞浆重叠和受外界干扰少的特点。     

A hierarchical parametric algorithm for deformable multimodal image registration

Image fusion is of utmost importance for many applications in image analysis. Particularly in medical imaging, images of different modalities are necessary because they provide complementary information that must be merged for an optimal use. The fusion of these images, which can be achieved through a registration process, makes it possible to superimpose all available information on the same frame. In many cases, a rigid transformation is sufficient to align correctly the images. However, there are cases where a non-rigid transformation is needed: geometrical distortions present in one image, non-rigid motion, etc. The purpose of this paper is to propose a generic method to account for these deformations in case of multimodal images. We have applied the algorithm in the particular context of 3D medical images and present results on simulated and real data.     

Contourlet变换系数加权的医学图像融合

目的 由于获取医学图像的原理和设备不同,不同模式所成图像的质量、空间与时间特性都有较大差别,并且不同模式成像提供了不互相覆盖的互补信息,临床上通常需要对几幅图像进行综合分析来获取信息。方法 为了提高对多源图像融合信息的理解能力,结合Contourlet变换在多尺度和多方向分析方法的优势,将Contourlet变换应用于医学图像融合中。首先将源图像经过Contourlet变换分解获得不同尺度多个方向下的分解系数。其次通过对Contourlet变换后的系数进行分析来确定融合规则。融合规则主要体现在Contourlet变换后图像中的低频子带系数与高频子带系数的优化处理中。针对低频子带主要反映图像细节的特点,对低频子带系数采用区域方差加权融合规则;针对高频子带系数包含图像中有用边缘细节信息的特点,对高频子带系数采用基于主图像的条件加权融合规则。最后经过Contourlet变换重构获得最终融合图像。结果 分别进行了基于Contourlet变换的不同融合规则实验对比分析和不同融合方法实验对比分析。通过主观视觉效果及客观评价指标进行评价,并与传统融合算法进行比较,该算法能够克服融合图像在边缘及轮廓部分变得相对模糊的问题,并能有效地融合多源医学图像信息。结论 提出了一种基于Contourlet变换的区域方差加权和条件加权融合算法。通过对CT与MRI脑部医学图像的仿真实验表明,该算法可以增加多模态医学图像互补信息,并能较好地提高医学图像融合的清晰度。     

Interpolation Artefacts in Mutual Information-Based Image Registration

Image registration requires the transformation of one image to another so as to spatially align the two images. This involves interpolation to estimate gray values of one of the images at positions other than the grid points. When registering two images that have equal grid distances in one or more dimensions, the grid points can be aligned in those dimensions for certain geometric transformations. Consequently, the number of times interpolation is required to compute the registration measure of two images is dependent on the image transformation. When an entropy-based registration measure, such as mutual information, is plotted as a function of the transformation, it will show sudden changes in value for grid-aligning transformations. Such patterns of local extrema impede the registration optimization process. More importantly, they rule out subvoxel accuracy. In this paper, two frequently applied interpolation methods in mutual information-based image registration are analyzed, viz. linear interpolation and partial volume interpolation. It is shown how the registration function depends on the interpolation method and how a slight resampling of one of the images may drastically improve the smoothness of this function.     

一种基于混沌优化的图像增强算法

利用不完全Beta变换对红外图像进行自适应的增强处理。变换的参数利用混沌优化算法给出。为了提高优化迭代的计算速度,运用BP神经网络对不完全Beta变换进行函数逼近。仿真结果表明,该算法能自适应地进行图像增强处理。增强后的图像灰度分布更均匀,对比度得到明显提高。     

图像欧氏距离在人脸识别中的应用研究

图像欧氏距离可以嵌入到许多传统的图像分类识别算法中,该嵌入是通过对原始图像的线性变换来实现的,给出了一种基于数据场的图像线性变换方法,将其应用到图像欧氏距离中.实验结果表明,基于数据场的线性变换方法是一种可行的图像线性变换方法,该方法可以完成大尺度图像的线性变换,方便地将图像欧氏距离嵌入到传统人脸识别算法中.     

Object recognition by combining paraperspective images

This paper provides a study on object recognition under paraperspective projection. Discussed is the problem of determining whether or not a given image was obtained from a 3-D object to be recognized. First it is clarified that paraperspective projection is the first-order approximation of perspective projection. Then it is shown that, if we represent an object as a set of its feature points and the object undergoes a rigid transformation or an affine transformation, any paraperspective image can be expressed as a linear combination of several appropriate paraperspective images: we need at least three images for rigid transformations; whereas we need at least two images for affine transformations. Particularly in the case of a rigid transformation, the coefficients of the combination have to satisfy two conditions: orthogonality and norm equality. A simple algorithm to solve the above problem based on these properties is presented: a linear, single-shot algorithm. Some experimental results with synthetic images and real images are also given.This work was done while the author was with ATR Auditory and Visual Perception Research Laboratories.Advanced Research Laboratory Hitachi, Ltd.     

基于最佳鉴别变换和分类器组合的人脸自动识别

人脸识别技术在商业和法律上有广泛的应用前景 ,在安全监控中也大有用武之地 .其主要任务是利用已有的人脸图象库 ,识别静止的或视频图象中的一张或多张人脸 .从抽取具有统计不相关的模式特征着手 ,通过基于小波变换的图象分解和 KL 变换等处理 ,避开人脸识别的小样本集的局限 ,并通过运用具有统计不相关性的最佳鉴别变换 ,来抽取人脸的有效鉴别特征 .同时 ,利用多特征多分类器组合的方法对图象进行识别 .该方法在 ORL 人脸图象库上进行实验 ,得到识别错误率为 2 %的实验结果 ,这是目前在此人脸图象数据库上所得到的最好的实验结果 .而且本方法对人脸的姿态、表情等条件具有一定的不敏感性     

中心投影变换及其在二值图像检索中的应用

图像的形状是描述图像的重要视觉和语义特征,可通过图像中像素点的区域分布表现出来。本文针对二值图像,运用中心投影变换,使二维的图像模式转化为基于角度的一维模式,该一维模式表示图像在等角距的各个方向上的投影,在此基础上实现二值图像的检索。实验结果表明,中心投影是图像的一个全局特征,中心投影交换能有效地刻画二值图像的形状信息,检索结果及排列顺序与主观判断很一致。     

基于排序变换的混沌图像置乱算法

为了更好地利用混沌进行图像保密，基于排序变换设计了一个混沌图像置乱算法，新算法小经过量化．而是直接通过混沌序列的排序变换来得到图像置换的地址码，这就有效地避免了量化必须已知混沌轨道分布密度函数的要求，同时也降低了算法的时间复杂度。由于排序变换的强不规则性，因此使新的混沌图像置乱算法具有较强的安全保密性能。通过对新算法的置乱性能进行的实验分析结果表明，新算法不仅具有良好的置乱性能．而且可以有效地保障加密图像的安全。     

Effet de la reésolution spatiale sur des proprieeacute;teés statistiques des images satellites: une eétude de cas

Abstract

The instruments on such satellites as Landsat or SPOT present the advantage provided by high spatial resolution. This advantage is tempered by their low time resolution. Therefore, it is not always possible to monitor seasonal variations of parameters such as the normalized vegetation index. The AVHRR instrument on board the NOAA satellites has a very high repetitivity but a very low spatial resolution. In our research we proposed to monitor the normalized vegetation index with this low-resolution instrument. It is therefore of interest to examine the relations between high- and low-resolution images for using the AVHRR data as a means of interpolation between two MSS images. This problem is addressed here using satellite images of an important agricultural region in France. In terms of the transformation of the mean radiometric values, it is shown that a linear transformation exists to calculate the AVHRR data from those of the MSS. but the relation presents a strong dependency on the observed scene. The effect on the higher-order statistical properties is studied through the transformation of the images textures by progressively degrading the MSS images. It is shown that a threshold, which depends on the scene, exists on the resolution below which all statistical information disappears.