基于信息熵的复杂机械系统非线性特征提取方法研究

复杂机械系统运行状态和特征参量往往具有较强的非线性和耦合性,运用信息熵定量评价方法实现系统状态参量的非线性特征提取.针对单一信号非线性特征提取问题,将小波包分解和奇异谱熵相结合,提出了多分辨率奇异谱熵模型,可实现信号不同频带内奇异特性的定量描述;针对多变量耦合复杂机械系统,建立了联合复杂度信息熵和信息传递指数模型,可分别描述多变量关联特征和信息传递特性.仿真实验验证了研究方法的有效性.     

The partition and regeneration of multi-granularity transplantable structures for structural variant design

为了实现需求驱动的结构变异设计,提出了多粒度移植结构的划分与再生技术.结构变异设计是在现有零件基础上移植多粒度结构,改变零件的拓扑关系,移植结构库的构建是复杂零件结构变异设计的基础.针对多粒度移植结构库中大量的移植结构,引入变精度粗糙集,以知识为载体储存移植结构的属性信息,通过变精度粗糙集对知识粒度进行划分,从而实现多粒度移植结构的划分与再生,为复杂零件的变异设计提供基础.结合注塑机产品的结构变异设计,构建了注塑机产品的多粒度移植结构库.     

含冲击多体系统刚柔耦合虚拟样机参数修正方法

本文简要阐述了虚拟样机技术的概念及应用,分析了复杂多体系统仿真过程中存在的准确性问题。应用多体动力学软件Virtual Lab建立含冲击复杂多体系统的刚柔耦合虚拟样机模型,结合试验数据评估虚拟样机仿真的准确性。采用灵敏度方法和摄动法修正一些关键的系统参数,使散布度的仿真结果和试验结果有更好的一致性,提高了虚拟样机模型的真实度     

装备工作性能模糊评判新方法

阐述了虚拟样机技术的优越性及其在机械系统研究领域应用中的必要性,总结了火炮可靠和安全工作的三个基本准则.将模糊的观点引入到火炮研究领域,定义了单因素与火炮工作性能等级间的隶属度函数,建立了基于虚拟样机的火炮工作性能模糊综合评判模型.     

无人多轴车辆通过性仿真分析

在越野环境中,车辆会遇到各种各样的复杂路面,比如树桩、台阶、砾石等,所以车辆的通过性显得至关重要.本文中设计了一种无人多轴车辆理论模型,并建立出样机模型,利用样机模型进行仿真分析,验证了无人多轴车辆通过垂直障碍的可行性,为生产研制新一代无人越野车辆提供理论依据.     

计算多体系统动力学中引入多体系统离散时间传递矩阵法的混合算法研究

以复杂机械系统动力学建模为研究背景,在计算多体动力学和多体系统离散时间传递矩阵法的理论基础上,论述了这两种方法动力学建模与分析的特点;在此基础上,提出了在计算多体动力学中混合多体系统离散时间传递矩阵法的算法,并论述了使用该算法对机械系统进行动力学建模及分析的过程。该算法适合于对复杂机械系统进行动力学建模及分析,并且易于使用计算机应用软件实现。以某典型机械连接结构为算例,通过该算法进行建模与分析,论证了该算法的可行性,也表明该算法的优点。     

单输入多输出耦合设计任务二阶段迭代模型研究

产品开发过程中单输入多输出耦合设计任务间存在复杂的信息依赖关系。采用单阶段方法的任务执行方式时,因所执行的任务数量多并且需传递的信息量大,致使任务间存在的复杂信息关系难以被理清,从而导致任务执行过程中的方案分配不够合理,任务间的迭代返工次数过多,产品开发周期过长。针对这些问题,在深入分析单输入多输出耦合设计任务单阶段迭代模型的基础上,提出了一种任务迭代过程中的信息处理策略,并构建了一种单输入多输出耦合设计任务的二阶段迭代模型及其求解执行时间的数学模型。应用该数学模型,可以计算得到最佳二阶段设计任务分配方案。以某发动机开发项目为例,进行了该方法的应用分析。研究表明,采取二阶段迭代模型,任务迭代执行时间比单阶段短,并且通过合理分配在1,2两个阶段执行的任务,能够获得最短的二阶段任务迭代执行时间。该方法根据任务间不同的信息关系选择合适的任务迭代模型,能够有效缩短产品开发周期,可为产品设计人员在产品开发过程中选择合理的任务执行方式提供一定的理论参考。     

旋转超声磨削钛合金有限元仿真与试验研究

为了研究固结磨粒磨具的磨料粒度对旋转超声磨削钛合金磨削力的影响,采用随机空间平面切割正六面体的方法构建了具有实际磨粒几何特征的不规则多面体磨粒,并基于虚拟格子法建立了磨粒在磨具端面随机分布的多颗磨粒磨具模型。使用Deform-3D软件构建了三维旋转超声磨削钛合金有限元模型,采用拉格朗日增量算法获得了多颗磨粒磨具旋转超声磨削钛合金Ti6Al4V的磨削力仿真值,得到了磨料粒度对磨削力的影响规律,并通过试验进行了验证。结果表明,旋转超声磨削钛合金磨削力随着磨料粒度的增大而减小,且试验结果和仿真结果具有一致性,说明了多颗磨粒磨具模型、旋转超声磨削有限元模型具有一定的准确性,为多颗磨粒磨具旋转超声磨削的相关研究提供了新的方法。     

面向复杂机械产品开发的多Agent系统研究

根据面向复杂机械产品开发的分布式智能决策的设计要求,构建了一种基于多ALgent技术的复杂机械产品开发系统模型.该模型对系统知识进行了分类和有效表述,开发了多个Agent功能模块,通过黑板机制完成不同Agent之间的信息通讯和交互,通过工作流管理实现系统分布式协同工作.研究实例表明,该系统能够有效地分解复杂产品开发的工作流任务,降低复杂产品开发的复杂性和提高开发效率.     

机械系统相关竞争失效的可靠性评估与维修策略研究

机械系统中存在相关竞争失效会影响系统的性能,为确保机械系统的正常运行,需要经常对其进行检测和维修。该文将提升机械系统运行可靠性作为目标,进行了机械系统相关竞争失效的可靠性评估与维修策略研究。通过建立随机过程、基于Copula函数构建机械系统相关性模型、基于信息准则进行模型择优并构建多元退化失效模型,对其进行可靠性评估。再结合机械系统状态转移与系统维修建模,提出相应的维修策略,以期为提高机械系统运行可靠性以及降低维修成本提供参考。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

The Influence of Nitrogen and Boron Implant into Silicon Substrate on the Phase and Internal Stress of c-BN Films

Cubic boron nitride(c-BN) film was deposited on a Si (100) substrate by the RF-magnetron sputtering.The mainly problems for fabrication of c-BN films are the low purity and high intrinsic compressive stress. In order to solve the two problems, the c-BN film with the buffer interlayer was deposited on the substrate which had been implanted with nitrogen and/or boron ions. The results show: the implantation of nitrogen ions can obviously increase c-BN content and reduce the internal stress slightly; while the implantation of boron shows no obvious improvement to the content of c-BN, which can reduce the internal stress in the film obviously. In addition, it is suggested that the implantation of nitrogen and boron shows the best result, which not only can increase the content of c-BN, but also reduce the internal stress in the c-BN film obviously.