云控制系统及其面临的挑战

本文提出的云控制系统(Cloud control systems, CCSs)是对之前的网络化控制系统(Networked control systems, NCSs)的进一步扩展.目前,物联网(Internet of things, IOT)已经成功应用于实际中,网络化控制技术在其中发挥了关键作用.与此同时,云计算的迅速发展为大数据存储与处理、控制器设计和控制系统性能优化提供了一个完美的平台.可以预见,虽然当前云控制技术的研究和应用还存在许多挑战,但在不久的将来,云控制系统的深入研究将对控制理论的发展和各种实际应用起到积极推动作用.     

网络控制系统的研究现状

网络控制系统是通过共享通信网络,在传感器,执行器和控制器之间传输信息,并且在地理位置上分散的系统.回顾了近年来关于网络控制系统在数据包丢失,采样和网络时滞等信道缺陷影响下的稳定性分析问题.     

网络控制系统的稳定性分析和研究

该文针对目前网络控制系统的研究现状,阐述了在网络控制系统的分析和设计中需要明确的几个基本问题。综述了具有时变传输周期、网络调度、数据丢包以及网络时滞时的网络控制系统的建模与各种控制策略问题。尤其是网络控制系统在这些情况下的稳定性研究问题,然后列举了一些具有代表性的网络控制系统稳定性分析的最新结果。在此基础上分析了网络控制系统稳定性分析研究中尚待解决的问题,以及新的研究方向。     

Absolute stability of Lurie networked control systems

This paper is concerned with the absolute stability problem of networked control systems (NCSs) with the controlled plant being Lurie systems (Lurie NCSs), in which the network‐induced delays are assumed to be time‐varying and bounded. First, in consideration of both the time‐varying network‐induced delays and data packet dropouts, the Lurie NCSs can be modeled as a multiple‐delays Lurie system. Then, a delay‐dependent absolute stability condition is established by using the Lyapunov–Krasovskii method. Next, two approaches to controller design are proposed in the terms of simple algebra criteria, which are easily solved via the toolbox in Matlab. Furthermore, the main results can be extended to robust absolute stability of Lurie NCSs with the structured uncertainties, where robust absolute stability conditions and approaches to robust controller design are presented. Finally, two numerical examples are worked out to illustrate the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Input-to-state stability for networked control systems via an improved impulsive system approach

This paper presents a novel impulsive system approach to input-to-state stability (ISS) analysis of networked control systems (NCSs) with time-varying sampling intervals and delays. This approach is based upon the new idea that an NCS can be viewed as an interconnected hybrid system composed of an impulsive subsystem and an input delay subsystem. A new type of time-varying discontinuous Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, which makes full use of the information on the piecewise-constant input and the bounds of the network delays, is introduced to analyze the ISS property of NCSs. Linear matrix inequality based sufficient conditions are derived for ISS of NCSs with respect to external disturbances. When applied to the approximate tracking problem for NCSs, the derived ISS result provides bounds on the steady-state tracking error. Numerical examples are provided to show the efficiency of the proposed approach.     

Robust stabilization for a class of nonlinear networked control systems

The problem of robust stabilization for a class of uncertain networked control systems （NCSs） with nonlinearities satisfying a given sector condition is investigated in this paper. By introducing a new model of NCSs with parameter uncertainty, network-induced delay, nonlinearity and data packet dropout in the transmission, a strict linear matrix inequality （LMI） criterion is proposed for robust stabilization of the uncertain nonlinear NCSs based on the Lyapunov stability theory. The maximum allowable transfer interval （MATI） can be derived by solving the feasibility problem of the corresponding LMI. Some numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed algorithm.     

网络控制系统的发展现状及展望

探讨了网络控制系统存在的基本问题, 介绍了网络控制系统的代表性应用实例, 并从控制理论研究、网络调度协议研究以及兼顾二者的综合研究3个方面重点综述了网络控制系统的研究成果. 最后, 讨论并指出了这一领域下一步的发展方向和有待解决的新课题.     

网络控制系统的最大允许时延界

提出确定多输入多输出网络控制系统的最大允许时延界的新方法. 由于网络诱导时延的分布特性, 整个多输入多输出网络控制系统实际上是一个多时延系统. 利用李雅普诺夫第二方法, 得到网络控制系统时延相关渐近稳定性判据. 最大允许时延界和输出反馈镇定控制器均可通过求解矩阵不等式(LMI)得到. 仿真比较说明了本文结果的正确性和可行性.     

A Switched System Approach to Robust Stabilization of Networked Control Systems with Multiple Packet Transmission

This paper considers robust stabilization of networked control systems (NCSs) with the problem of multiple packet transmission. Two parts of uncertainties are considered in this paper: norm‐bounded parameter uncertainties in the plant, and norm‐bounded parameter uncertainties in the controller. For sensor nodes and actuator nodes communicating through a limited communication channel, we are particularly interested in the case that only one packet containing part of the state information can be transmitted through a toking‐bus every time. Stability of the NCSs with multiple packet transmitted in a periodic manner is closely related to that of periodically switched systems. For NCSs with and without uncertainties in the plant and the controller, stabilizing state feedback controllers are constructed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Numerical examples are given to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Delay-dependent robust stability of uncertain networked control systems with multiple state time-delays

In this paper, delay-dependent robust stability for a class of uncertain networked control systems （NCSs） with multiple state time-delays is investigated. Modeling of multi-input and multi-output （MIMO） NCSs with networkinduced delays and uncertainties through new methods are proposed. Some new stability criteria in terms of LMIs are derived by using Lyapunov stability theory combined with linear matrix inequalities （LMIs） techniques. We analyze the delay-dependent asymptotic stability and obtain maximum allowable delay bound （MADB） for the NCSs with the proposed methods. Compared with the reported results, the proposed results obtain a much less conservative MADB which are more general. Numerical example and simulation is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.     

Output tracking control for networked control systems with time delay and packet dropout

This article studies the problems of H _∞ output tracking performance analysis and controller design for networked control systems (NCSs) with time delay and packet dropout. By using linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based method, H _∞ output tracking performance analysis and controller design are presented for NCSs with constant sampling period. For NCSs with time-varying sampling period, a multi-objective optimisation methodology in terms of LMIs is used to deal with H _∞ output tracking performance analysis and controller design. The designed controllers can guarantee asymptotic tracking of prescribed reference outputs while rejecting disturbances. The simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed H _∞ output tracking controller design.     

网络控制系统的时延相关状态反馈控制器设计

研究了具有时延、丢包和数据包时序错乱的网络控制系统镇定问题.为了有效提高系统的控制性能,本文根据网络控制系统的特点提出一种时延相关状态反馈控制方法,并将闭环网络控制系统建模为离散时间切换模型.在此基础上,通过构造依赖于参数的Lyapunov函数给出了闭环网络控制系统的稳定条件和镇定控制器设计方法.仿真结果和实验结果表明所提方法的有效性和可用性.     

Absolute stability and stabilization for Lurie networked control systems

This paper investigates the problem of absolute stability and stabilization for networked control systems (NCSs) with the controlled plant being Lurie systems (Lurie NCSs), in which the network‐induced delays are assumed to be time‐varying and bounded. By considering the relationship between the network‐induced delay and its upper bound, an improved stability criterion for networked control system is proposed. Furthermore, the resulting condition is extended to design a state feedback controller by employing an improved cone complementary linearization (ICCL) algorithm. A numerical example is worked out to illustrate the effectiveness and the benefits of the proposed method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

具有时变采样周期网络控制系统的严格耗散控制

研究具有时变采样周期和数据丢包的网络控制系统的渐近稳定和严格耗散控制问题.针对采样周期时变且在标称周期上下波动,数据丢包数有界,利用参数不确定的方法,网络控制系统建模为一类带有参数不确定的离散时滞系统.构造一个改进的李雅普诺夫-卡拉索夫斯基函数,基于线性矩阵不等式方法及Jensen不等式方法,给出系统严格(Q,S,R)-耗散的充分条件,得到控制器的设计方法.数值实例表明所提出的方法具有较小的保守性,同时也减少了计算量.     

基于网络服务质量的网络控制器设计

针对网络服务质量对控制系统性能的影响, 建立了联合网络参数和控制器参数的系统模型. 在此基础上分析了网络控制系统保性能控制器存在的网络参数和控制参数依赖条件, 并且通过求解线性矩阵不等式, 给出了控制器的参数化设计方法. 所设计的控制器在满足一定的网络服务质量摄动范围内, 不仅可以使系统渐近稳定,而且还能确保系统性能不大于上界. 本文方法给出网络服务质量变化对控制系统性能衰减的一种定量度量, 可以为进一步的网络调度提供理论依据.     

On the delay effects of different channels in Internet-based networked control systems

The sensor-to-controller and the controller-to-actuator delays in networked control systems (NCSs) are investigated for the first time with respect to their different effects on the system performance. This study starts with identifying the delay-independent and delay-dependent control laws in NCSs, and confirms that only two delay-dependent control laws can cause different delay effects in different channels. The conditions under which the different delays in different channels can cause different effects are then given for both delay-dependent control laws. The results are verified by numerical examples. Potentially, these results can be regarded as important design principles in the practical implementation of NCSs.     

一种改进的具有非理想网络状况的网络控制系统分析与综合方法

提出一种改进的具有非理想网络状况, 如时变网络时延和丢包等的网络控制系统分析与综合方法. 在引入具有最新信号选择功能的逻辑零阶保持器和已有的网络系统模型基础上, 采用Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函方法, 通过引入自由矩阵消除交叉项和利用函数的凸性进行等价变换, 得到保守性较小的效果. 实例表明上述方法的有效性.     

信息物理融合系统

信息物理融合系统 (Cyber-physical system, CPS)是计算、通信和物理过程高度集成的系统,通过在物理设备中嵌入感知、通信和计算能力,实 现对外部环境的分布式感知、可靠数据传输、智能信息处理,并通过反馈机制实现对物理过程的实时控制. 分析了CPS的基本概念和特征,对CPS的体系架构、中间件系统、实时性、安全和隐私等关键技术的现有研究 成果进行综述,并提出了相应的研究思路;然后介绍了一些现有的CPS原型系统和实例,体现出CPS的优越性; 最后对CPS和传感器网络(Wireless sensor network, WSN)、物联网(The internet of things, IOT)、网络控制系统(Networked control systems, NCSs)进行了对比分析,总结了CPS现有研究中存在的问题,并展望了CPS的发展方向.     

基于T-S模糊模型非线性网络控制系统改进H∞跟踪控制

研究一类非线性网络控制系统改进H∞跟踪控制问题, 该类网络控制系统中非线性被控对象和被跟踪对象分别采用Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)模糊模型和线性稳定参考模型描述. 首先通过综合考虑网络中的数据传输时滞和数据丢包影响, 采用输入时滞法和并行分布补偿技术, 建立基于零阶保持器刷新时刻的系统状态跟踪误差模型. 然后利用改进的自由权矩阵方法, 并结合Lyapunov直接法给出系统满足H∞跟踪性能的充分条件以及模糊控制器的设计方法. 最后仿真实例表明本文方法的有效性和相比已有方法的优越性.