固相萃取-气相色谱法测定水中硝基苯类化合物的含量

建立了固相萃取-气相色谱法测定水中硝基苯类含量的方法。水样经固相萃取柱富集后,进入配有DB-5（30m×320μm×0．25μm）毛细管色谱柱的带ECD检测器的气相色谱中进行测定。测定的方法检出限分别为硝基苯：0．29μg／L,间-硝基氯苯：0．05μg／L,对-硝基氯苯：0．02μg／L,邻～硝基氯苯：0．01恤晷／L,对-二硝基苯：0．03μg／L,间-二硝基苯：0．08μg／L,邻-二硝基苯：O．01μg／L,2,4～二硝基甲苯：0．021μg／L,2,4-二硝基氯苯：0．021μg／L,2,4,6-三硝基甲苯：O．02μg／L,加标回收率在83．O％～118．6％之间,相对标准偏差为2．2％～9．7％。     

三种常用香料的微量分析方法研究

本文建立了桂醛、羟基香茅醛、异丁香酚三种常用香料的气相色谱分析方法，桂醛、羟基香茅醛经离体皮肤渗透后，其渗透液直接作为测定液，异丁香酚的渗透液经乙醚萃取处理后进样，用SE－30固定液，FID检测器，本法线性范围桂醛、羟基香茅醛、异丁香酚分别为0－100mg／ml、0－30mg／－ml、0－20mg／ml，最低检测限分别为5.3x10-9g2．1x10-9g2．9x10-9g，变异系数分别为0．7－3．2％、0．7－2．9％、1．2－2．7％，回收率分别为96．3％、87．4％、90％。     

专利实例

电镀三废治理四则97501用紫凝气浮法处理工业废水有机和无机化合物的工业废水，添加碳酸盐of～10g／L（以CO2计），以调节其pH为3．0～7.0，形成CO2气体。对处理水添加一种聚合的絮凝剂，使结团的附聚固体与CO2结合而浮起，然后用离心分离法除去附聚的固体物。日本专利JP95，256，272（1995－10－09）97502电镀废水的处理及利用粒状的高炉炉渣与08～5．0Wt％的电镀废水（含有NaOH或KOH7O0～1200g／L，Na厂0。40～100g／L，KCIO。0～20g／L，NaNO。0～150g／L，N。NO，0～50g／L，Fe和St的氢氧化物或氧化物＜10g／L）混合。所…     

用大孔树脂吸附处理2,6-二羟基苯甲酸合成废水

本文模拟2，6－二羟基苯甲酸合成中产生的废水，并用NDA－211大孔树脂处理，取得了良好的效果。该废水含2，6－二羟基苯甲酸约2100mg／L，间苯二酚约680mg／L，吸附处理后，2，6－二羟基苯甲酸浓度＜0．2mg/L，间苯二酚浓度＜1mg／L，吸附去除率分别＞99．9％和99．8％；在适合的条件下两者的脱附率都＞99％，树脂工作吸附量达69．5g／L。     

溴化法浸取硫化矿中的金

用溴化法浸取金矿中的金是一种较新的非氰化浸金方法。实验表明：对于含金量为8．32g／t的某硫化矿，经800℃ 焙烧后，在常温下，NaBr浓度为0．3mol／L，PeCl3浓度为0．08mol／L及加入适量H2O2和NaClO的条件下，6h可以浸出75％以上的金。该方法具有环境污染程度小，操作简单等优点，有重要的工业应用推广价值。     

纺前注射法生产无光粘胶丝技术报告

采用纺前注射器在纺丝粘胶中加入消光剂，生产无光粘胶丝。产品规格133．3dtex/25F，生产规模3．8－3．9吨／日。主要工艺参数制定：TiO2悬浮液配制浓度90g/L、过滤压力0．2≤MPa、高位槽搅拌器转速40－50r/min，粘胶中TiO2加入量1．1－1．2％，纺丝速度84．3m/min，注射压力0．2－0．3MPa。产品主要物理指标均优于部颁一等品标准。     

固废浸出液中苯系物的测定方法研究

建立以纯水为萃取剂，按液固比10：1（L／kg）零顶空震荡萃取固废样品（18±2）h，顶空进样一气相色谱法分析浸出液中的7种苯系物方法。考察不同氯化钠含量、不同顶空条件（炉温、恒温时间、循环时间）对苯系物响应值的影响；考察方法的线性范围、相关性、精密度及检出限；建立标准曲线。结果显示：7种苯系物分离良好，线性范围均在O．30～47．0μg／L间，相关系数均大于0．999，方法检出限0．14-0．39μg／L，方法回收率81．2％-96．8％，相对标准偏差（RSD，n=7）小于9．8％；用本方法测定生活污水固废及铜矿土壤固废样品，回收率64．5％～80．6％，相对标准偏差（RSD，n=3）小于11％。     

锡或锡合金的柠檬酸或柠檬酸盐镀液

一种pH为4～8含有柠檬酸或柠檬酸盐的电镀锡或锡合金镀液，添加一种光亮剂0．5～5．0g／L，该光亮剂为多胺类如五乙烯六胺与脂肪族醛如甲醛，以及芳香族羧酸如甲基苯甲酸酯反应的一种水溶性产物。添加剂的质量浓度如果低于0．5g／L时，所得镀层是不光亮的，甚至呈树枝状。如高于5g／L时，镀层光亮而且无任何不良影响，只是增加了成本。     

自来水厂污泥的流动电流特性

以水厂混合污泥为对象，采用流动电流为特征参数分析加药量和pH对污泥沉降性能和脱水性能的影响,探讨流动电流技术在污泥处理中的适用性。结果表明，在污泥沉降性能方面，等电点处的投药量和pH值分别为8．9mg/L和7．25，实际最佳投药量和最佳pH为9．0mg／L和6．90。在污泥脱水方面，等电点处的投药量和pH值分别为25．0mg/L和9．25，实际最佳投药量和最佳pH为26．0mg／L和9．0。     

混凝沉淀-兼氧-SBR-活性炭滤池工艺处理化工废水

本文介绍了采用混凝沉淀-兼氧-SBR-活性炭滤池工艺处理化工废水，设计处理规模为200m^3／d。当进水水质为pH7．1，COD2305mg／L，BOD5970mg／L，石油类40．8mg／L，挥发酚0．222mg／L条件下，经本工艺处理后，总排放口出水水质为pH7．9，COD77．9mg／L，BOD511．7mg／L，石油类2．62mg／L，挥发酚0．023mg／L。实践证明，该工艺技术可靠，运行稳定，有较好的经济和环境效益。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。