Cr-Ni-Mo系齿轮钢端淬过程模拟及淬透性预测

通过端淬试验测定了20Cr、20CrMo和20CrNiMo钢的淬透性曲线,分析了合金元素对淬透性的影响。利用Abaqus软件和Maynier组织预测模型,对3种成分钢的淬透性曲线进行了模拟计算。结果表明,20Cr、20CrMo和20CrNiMo 3种齿轮钢的淬透性依次降低;试验测定值与模拟计算值基本吻合,表明此种方法可以用来预测齿轮钢的淬透性曲线。     

合金元素Al对微B处理特厚钢板淬透性及力学性能的影响

采用顶端淬火、化学相分析和热力学计算,研究了合金元素对含B特厚钢板淬透性和力学性能的影响.结果表明,由于Ti与N的结合力远高于B,微量Ti的加入(0.015%,质量分数,下同)可形成TiN,固定N元素,使B游离,提高淬透性.常规Al含量(0.02%)对N的竞争力略低于B,无法阻止BN的析出;增加Al含量至0.07%以上,可提高Al对N的结合力,固溶B含量增加,可同样起到提高淬透性的作用.通过B和固氮元素的组合,促进淬透性的提高,可使含B特厚钢板心部的显微组织状态显著改善,粒状贝氏体数量降低,马氏体/奥氏体(M/A)岛组分尺寸减小,低温冲击韧性和强度均有明显提高.     

Al元素对建筑用含B特厚钢板力学性能的影响

研究了建筑用含B特厚钢板的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,特厚钢板中的B元素可以提高钢基体的淬透性,并能对特厚钢基体的内部低温抗冲击韧度和拉伸性能起到有效的改善作用。Al元素的添加会使含B钢的淬透性增强,从而进一步提高特厚钢板的力学性能。     

Ti元素对碳素结构钢淬透性的影响

在碳素结构钢35钢的基础成分上添加Ti元素,通过末端淬火试验并观察显微组织,添加Ti元素后钢材的淬透性得到了大大提高,J3点硬度提高约5HRC、J5点硬度提高约10HRC、J7点硬度提高约4HRC。试验结果表明,Ti元素对提高碳素钢淬透性有着显著的影响。     

终冷温度对低屈强比复合析出强化钢组织与性能的影响

利用热模拟方法测定低屈强比复合析出强化钢不同速率冷却后的显微组织并绘制动态连续冷却转变曲线,然后对比了不同终冷温度下试验钢的力学性能,并利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜与透射电镜分析不同终冷温度对试验钢轧后显微组织的影响。结果表明,随冷却速度的增加,试验钢的组织由粒状贝氏体转变为板条贝氏体,未发现铁素体组织,具有高淬透性。随终冷温度由400 ℃升为450 ℃,钢中板条亚结构发生粗化,位错密度下降,但高温下合金元素快速扩散使富Cu相与Nb/Ti碳化物的数量提高,析出强化效果增强。经优化终冷温度为450 ℃,此时试验钢中粒状贝氏体比例较高,可获得高强度与低屈强比的良好匹配。     

K418与42CrMo异种金属激光焊接接头组织与力学性能

试验研究了额定功率为3 kW的连续波Nd:YAG激光焊接热输入对激光焊接K418与42CrMo异种金属焊缝形貌的影响.通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、硬度仪、万能试验机及X衍射对激光焊接K418与42CrMo异种金属焊缝接头组织、元素分布、相组成及接头的力学性能进行分析.结果表明,在焊接热输入恒定的条件下,高功率、高焊速的匙孔焊接比低功率、低焊速的热传导焊接更能增加焊缝熔深.通过扫描电镜在焊缝区域观察到了颗粒状物和针状物,能谱分析表明,颗粒状物Nb,Ti,Mo元素聚集,Fe,Ni元素减少;针状物Ti,Nb元素聚集.K418与42CrMo异种金属激光焊接工艺参数优化后的焊缝抗拉强度高于42CrMo母材.     

气流磨处理钨粉的研究

在1143～1213 K、120～1500 s参数范围内以Ag-Cu-Ti箔为钎料对TiAl合金与42CrMo钢进行了真空钎焊试验.采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、元素面扫描和能谱分析等方法对界面组织进行了分析,测量了界面反应层厚度.分析了界面反应层的形成过程及受控因素,计算了反应层成长的动力学参数.结果表明,接头界面反应层包括靠近TiAl合金的AlCuTi+Ti3Al层、AlCu2Ti层以及靠近42CrMo钢的TiC层,其成长活化能分别为324.97、207.97、338.03 kJ/mol.TiAl合金与钎科的界面反应层受控于液态钎料中的Cu元素,成长较快:42CrMo钢与钎料间的TiC层受控于固态钢中C元素,成长较慢.脆性反应层AlCuTi+Ti3Al层厚度为3.3μm时接头强度最高,脆性层厚度继续增大,接头强度显著下降.     

回火温度对42CrMo钢组织和力学性能的影响

通过显微组织观察和力学性能检测,分析了42CrMo钢在不同回火温度下微观组织形貌和力学性能的变化.通过三维原子探针(3DAP)技术分析500℃回火温度下42CrMo钢中元素分布情况,研究了Cr、Mn、Mo等合金元素对钢性能的影响.结果表明,42CrMo钢水淬后在450℃回火时显微组织为回火屈氏体,在500～650℃区间...     

Ti、B微合金化42CrMo钢的组织与性能

用感应炉冶炼了Ti、B微合金化的42CrMo钢,分析了热处理试样的组织及性能变化。结果表明,Ti、B微合金化细化了42CrMo钢的晶粒和组织,提高了材料的回火稳定性。Ti、B微合金化显著提高了42CrMo钢的强硬度和塑韧性。其中42CrMoTiB-2钢具有最佳的综合力学性能,该钢的Ti、B含量分别为0.09wt%和0.003wt%。     

Ti、Sc对Al-Mg-Zr合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过向Al-Mg-Zr合金中单独及复合添加微量的Ti、Sc元素,研究了Ti、Sc微合金化对Al-Mg-Zr合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在Al-Mg-Zr合金中单独添加0.15%的Ti能显著细化合金的铸态组织,使合金的力学性能得到明显提高。复合添加0.15%的Ti和0.2%的Sc时,细化效果更加显著,合金的平均晶粒尺寸仅为43μm,抗拉强度和伸长率分别提高了约70%和16.4%。原因是Ti、Sc复合添加形成了Al3Ti、Al3Sc、Al3(Ti,Zr)、Al3(Sc,Zr)和Al3(Sc,Ti)等多种金属间化合物相,共同充当形核质点,细化了合金组织。     

Heat Treatment Properties of 42CrMo Steel for Bearing Ring of Varisized Shield Tunneling Machine

The heat treatment properties of 42 CrMo steel for bearing ring of varisized shield tunneling machine were investigated by optical microscope(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM),and impact tests. The addition of 0.03 wt% C into 42 CrMo steel can increase the hardness. But it reduces the impact energy by 46 J because of the appearance of coarser carbides in the matrix and the carbides along the austenite grain boundary.The addition of 0.40 wt% Mn into 42 CrMo steel can improve hardenability. However, the toughness of steel is also reduced by 26 J mainly because of the coarsening of carbides and the strengthening of matrix. Both hardenability and toughness of 42 CrMo steel can be improved by adding 1.49 wt% Ni and reducing 0.32 wt% Cr. The depth of hardening layer can be raised to 45 mm, and the impact energy at-20 °C is 120 J. Thus, it is concluded that a good combination of hardness, hardenability, and toughness of 42 CrMo steel can be achieved by alloying with adding some content of C and Ni.Detailed content of C and Ni should be on the requirements of heat treatment properties of steel for bearing ring of varisized shield tunneling machine.     

Effect of High-Energy and Instantaneous Electropulsing Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of 42CrMo SteelEI北大核心CSCD

42CrMo steel was widely used in many industry fields for its excellent hardenability and high temperature strength. Many transmission mechanisms and fasteners, such as roller and heat-resistant gear, are made of this steel. However, the ductility of 42CrMo steel is relatively low after quenching and tempering. During high tempering Mo riched carbides at grain boundary and undecomposable martensite at low tempering are the main reasons for poor ductility of 42CrMo steel. Grain refinement can enhance both strength and ductility significantly, but traditional refinement technology will cause intergranular oxidation so that strengthening effect was weak. Although thermomechanical treatment can achieve dynamic recrystallization, its refinement effect is unstable. Elecropulsing treatment, which makes significant change in microstructure and properties of metals, has been applied in many fields such as, modification of solidified microstructure of liquid metal, healing of fatigue crack, nanocrystallization of amorphous materials and so on. Moreover, this process can produce superior mechanical properties in metals. In order to improve the mechanical properties of 42CrMo steel better, high-energy and instantaneous electropulsing treatment was applied. In this contribution, 42CrMo steel was subjected to traditional and electropulsing treatment individually. It was found that EPQ treatment (480 ms electropulsing treatment, water cooled) results in finer grain, promoting the formation of retained austenite and twin martensite; EPT treatment (180 ms electropulsing treatment, air cooled) can stabilize retained austenite in EPQ specimen and induce multiphase structure. Mechanical properties results indicate that strength-ductility balance of EPQ and EPQ+EPT specimen are 32% and 13.9% higher than that of TQ (traditional quenched) and EPQ+TT (traditional tempered) specimen respectively.     

26CrMo4钢的热处理工艺

通过Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机测量了26CrMo4钢的相变温度,然后对其进行910 ℃水淬和400~740 ℃回火处理,并用光学显微镜、拉伸试验、硬度试验和冲击试验研究了热轧态和淬火、回火后的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:26CrMo4钢具有优良的淬透性,910 ℃水淬可得到原奥氏体晶粒细小均匀的马氏体组织。26CrMo4钢的强度和硬度随着回火温度的提高而降低,回火温度在400~600 ℃、600~640 ℃和640~730 ℃之间时,抗拉强度随回火温度升高而下降的速率分别为1.685、1.500和2.822 MPa/℃。26CrMo4钢的冲击性能随着回火温度的升高而提高,700 ℃回火时0 ℃冲击吸收能量达到227 J,但继续提高回火温度至730 ℃时0 ℃冲击吸收能量基本保持不变。26CrMo4钢640 ℃和700 ℃回火后均具有较好的低温冲击性能,-70 ℃冲击吸收能量仍分别可达81 J和110 J。     

稀土改性42CrMoS易切削钢中的硫化物夹杂分析

利用光学显微镜和能谱仪研究了42CrMo钢中分别添加S(0．09wt％)和S—RE元素后，钢中夹杂物的组成、形态和变形能力，并分析了硫化物夹杂对钢的力学性能的影响。结果表明，单独加S元素时，钢中主要存在MnS夹杂，MnS在高温具有强的塑性变形能力是导致锻件力学性能各向异性的重要原因；加入RE(0．076％)元素后，钢中出现的稀土硫化物具有较强的抗塑性变形能力，改善了钢的横向力学性能，其横纵向冲击韧度比值由单一加S元素的0．2提高到0．5，从而为钢的实际应用提供了理论依据。     

高铁车轴用结构钢的热处理和力学性能

研究了高铁车轴用35CrMo3、4CrNiMo6和40CrNiMo钢的淬透性、热处理工艺和力学性能。结果表明,34CrNiMo6钢的淬透性优于其余两种钢;三种钢的抗拉强度、屈服强度和硬度均随回火温度的升高而下降,而断后伸长率、冲击韧度随回火温度的升高而上升。