退火温度对新型锆合金薄板带材析出相和织构的影响

采用扫描电镜和超高分辨透射电镜,对具有良好冲制性能的新型锆合金薄板成品带材进行含晶粒、第二相粒子等在内的显微组织研究,并探索真空退火处理条件下温度对带材显微组织的影响。结果显示:新型锆合金薄板成品带材晶粒平均尺寸2.17 μm,存在{0001}<1010>和{0001}<1120>两种织构,大部分晶粒<1120>平行带材RD方向,较少晶粒<1010>平行带材RD方向;第二相粒子分布在晶粒内部及晶界,平均尺寸114 nm,尺寸较大的为不规则椭圆形的Zr-Nb-Fe相,尺寸较小的为圆形的β-Nb相;热处理退火温度降低,带材晶粒尺寸减小,第二相粒子细小弥散分布;新型锆合金薄板成品带材良好冲制性能主要源于轧制积累应变诱发再结晶过程进行充分,导致晶粒细小及孪晶发生破碎;相对轧制变形,退火对带材冲制性能影响不显著。     

AZ31镁合金在不同轧制方式下的织构演变

采用单向轧制和交叉轧制对AZ31镁合金热轧板进行冷轧,研究不同轧制方式对织构演变的影响.结果表明,单向冷轧的形变量超过15.37%,交叉冷轧的形变量超过5.79%,出现切变带之后断裂.在相同变形量下,单向轧制的{0001}面各织构组分强度趋向均匀分布;交叉轧制的{0001}面各织构组分向{0001}<2(1) (1)0>聚集增强.随形变量增加,单向轧制的{0001}<10(1)0>和{0001}<2(1) (1)0>织构强度呈波动性增加;交叉轧制的{0001}<10(1)0>织构稍有增强后开始减弱,而{0001}<2(1) (1)0>织构强度呈连续性增加.     

取向硅钢常化板织构及不同取向晶粒中析出相粒子的分布

利用SEM、EBSD技术对低温热轧技术的热轧板和常化板进行了织构研究,并对不同取向晶粒中的粒子进行了对比分析。结果表明:常化处理对热轧织构中旋转立方{100}011织构强度有一定的减弱;常化后4种不同取向晶粒中的粒子面密度及粒子尺寸存在明显的差异,其粒子面密度分布规律表现为黄铜取向晶粒Goss取向晶粒铜型取向晶粒{100}011取向晶粒,且黄铜取向晶粒中的粒子平均尺寸最小,40~60 nm范围内的粒子也明显多于其他取向晶粒。     

退火对Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe-Si新锆合金薄板带材组织性能的影响

针对锆合金带材冲压成形时易破裂的问题，研究了再结晶退火对Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe-Si新锆合金薄板带材组织性能的影响。结果表明，随着退火温度的升高，新锆合金薄板带材的最大减薄率减小;第二相颗粒弥散分布于新锆合金晶粒内部及晶界，其形貌基本为球状，尺寸较大第二相为Zr(NbFe)₂，较小为β-Nb;新锆合金带材具有■两类织构，其中■取向的晶粒与形变基体的取向差为30°/<0001>。随着再结晶退火温度的升高，第二相颗粒产生的钉扎作用不能阻碍锆合金重合点阵∑13晶界的快速迁移，导致■取向的再结晶晶粒择优长大，吞并形变基体，小角度晶界占比降低，大角度晶界占比升高，造成再结晶织构由■转变为■，改善晶粒变形的均匀性，提高带材冲压时塑性变形的均匀程度，因此再结晶退火有利于改善新锆合金薄板带材的冲压成形性能。     

AZ91镁合金热轧退火过程中的织构演变

将具有随机初始织构的工业 AZ91镁合金在450°C 进行均匀化热处理。经热处理后,合金中出现弱的{0001}-{1010}-{1120}三重纤维织构。经400°C热轧后,合金的变形织构是典型的(0001)基面,其基极沿轧制方向分裂。在450°C 退火36 h后,其残余变形织构中的基极沿基面分布更均匀,没有出现晶粒的异常长大。     

Zr-sn-Nb新型锆合金板材加工过程中不均匀组织与织构演变

利用XRD,SEM-ECC,TEM和EBSD技术,研究了Zr-Sn-Nb系新型锆合金板材加工过程的微观组织及织构演变.结果表明,β相淬火得到的随机织构经热轧后形成沿横向倾斜的基面织构,随后的加工过程均保留该织构;热轧及两次冷轧后的基面织构都为(1010)方向平行于轧向((1010)∥RD),而退火后转变为(1210)方向平行于轧向((1210)∥RD).淬火形成的网状魏氏组织经热轧转变为不均匀形变组织,两次冷轧使组织的不均匀性更显著,最终退火得到完全再结晶组织;轧制形成的难变形晶粒多为晶粒C轴平行于轧板法向(C∥ND)的取向;最终退火板材的大晶粒多为(1210)∥RD的基面织构,小晶粒则以(1010)∥RD为主.结合锆合金的变形及再结晶机制对轧制时产生的不均匀组织及再结晶过程的织构转变进行了分析.     

冷轧和热处理对锆合金管材第二相和织构的影响

文章研究了冷轧和热处理加工工艺对于锆合金织构和第二相的影响。挤压管坯经过三道轧制和三次热处理。SEM结果表明,轧制过程中第二相粒子弥散分布的趋势是尺寸减少、数量增多。TEM结果表明,第二相粒子细小且弥散分布在晶界和晶粒内部。能谱结果验证了Zr-Nb-Fe粒子存在。为获得更多<100 nm的第二相粒子应对第一和第二次轧制和再结晶过程进行优化。随着轧制工序的增加,织构轧向Fa变化很小,法向Fr为增大趋势。在工艺过程为获得高的Fr值时,需加大变形量。     

汽车用钛和铌微合金化钢第二相粒子及织构研究

汽车用钛和铌Nb微合金化钢中析出的第二相粒子,较大的粒子为方形的TiN,尺寸为80~120 nm;较小的为TiC、NbC及其复合物,尺寸为12~25 nm;最小的NbC粒子尺寸约3 nm。钢中析出的第二相粒子均匀分布在基体中。试验钢的热轧织构主要由{001}110、{112}110、{111}110组分组成,还含有γ和α织构,取向密度≥5。冷轧织构主要由高密度的γ织构和α织构组成,不稳定择优取向的织构比热轧织构少。退火后钢中的α织构强度减弱,而γ织构呈管状分布且强度增大。从热轧到冷轧再从冷轧到退火态,织构具有遗传性。     

Zr-Sn-Nb新型锆合金板材加工过程中不均匀组织与织构演变

利用XRD,SEM-ECC,TEM和EBSD技术,研究了Zr-Sn-Nb系新型锆合金板材加工过程的微观组织及织构演变.结果表明,β相淬火得到的随机织构经热轧后形成沿横向倾斜的基面织构,随后的加工过程均保留该织构;热轧及两次冷轧后的基面织构都为〈1010〉方向平行于轧向(〈1010〉//RD),而退火后转变为〈1210〉方向平行于轧向(〈1210〉//RD).淬火形成的网状魏氏组织经热轧转变为不均匀形变组织,两次冷轧使组织的不均匀性更显著,最终退火得到完全再结晶组织;轧制形成的难变形晶粒多为晶粒C轴平行于轧板法向(C//ND)的取向;最终退火板材的大晶粒多为〈1210〉//RD的基面织构,小晶粒则以〈1010〉//RD为主.结合锆合金的变形及再结晶机制对轧制时产生的不均匀组织及再结晶过程的织构转变进行了分析.     

交叉轧制对纯钼板织构、力学性能及各向异性的影响（英文）

为了研究变形织构对力学性能的影响,对纯钼板进行不同工艺的交叉轧制,然后表征所得钼板的织构、力学性能和显微组织。结果表明:交叉轧制有利于钼板形成旋转立方织构,即{001}110织构,其取向密度随着轧制总变形量和当前道次变形量的增大而增大;当轧制总变形量达到96%或更高时,钼板会形成以{001}110织构为主导的晶粒取向,而纤维织构变弱,同时立方织构{001}100完全消失。{001}110织构的存在有利于交叉轧制钼板轧制方向和垂直轧制方向的强度提高和塑性降低。     

Effect of Zn and Y Additions on Grain Boundary Movement of Mg Binary Alloys During Static Recrystallization

Texture evolution in rolled Mg–1 wt% Zn and Mg–1 wt% Y binary alloys was analyzed by quasi-in situ electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) during static recrystallization. Mg–1 wt% Zn and Mg–1 wt% Y alloys exhibited strong basal texture at the initial recrystallization state. After grain growth annealing, the basal texture component {0001} < $11\overline{2}0$ > was increased in Mg–1 wt% Zn alloy and that of Mg–1 wt% Y alloy was decreased to be a random texture. Zn and Y atoms segregated strongly to the recrystallized grain boundaries in Mg–1 wt% Zn alloy and Mg–1 wt% Y alloy, respectively. Thus, Zn and Y elements facilitated the grain boundary movements along contrary directions during grain growth. In Mg–1 wt% Zn alloy, due to the Zn element segregation on grain boundaries, the grains consisted of a strong texture grew more easily because the grain boundary migration tended to move from the orientation close to normal direction to the orientation near to transverse direction or rolling direction. Therefore, after grain growth, the volume fraction of texture component {0001} < $11\overline{2}0$ > was increased by consuming the neighboring grains, leading to a stronger basal texture. On the contrary, in the Mg–1 wt% Y alloy, the Y element segregation caused the opposite direction of grain boundary migration, resulting in a random texture.     

预处理对异步轧制6016铝合金板材成形性能的影响

通过拉伸试验、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等表征方法,研究了异步冷轧前预处理工艺对6016铝合金板材织构及成形性能的影响。结果表明:异步冷轧前预时效处理可提高该铝合金成品板材的强度而不明显降低其塑性,且其平面各向异性指数IPA值明显减小;塑性应变比$\bar{r}$值以及杯突值I_E成形性能指标均有所提高且分别达到0.89和8.27。铝合金板材获得较好综合性能的主要原因在于经时效预处理铝合金成品板材的剪切织构E{111}<110>和F{111}<112>的强度略微提高以及晶粒尺寸的减小。     

低温取向硅钢热轧析出物与织构的研究

采用低温板坯加热制备取向硅钢,通过透射电镜(TEM)观察并研究热轧板中的析出物,用ODF织构法研究热轧板距表面1/8、1/4和1/2处的织构分布.结果表明,热轧板中的析出物主要是密排六方AlN,AlN形貌呈规则长方形,AlN颗粒大小不等,分布密度低;热轧板中的织构沿板厚方向,由亚表层的{110}＜001＞织构向1/2中...     

轧制工艺对薄带铸轧无取向硅钢组织性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、XRD、EBSD等研究了轧制工艺对薄带铸轧无取向硅钢组织、织构和磁性能的影响。研究表明,随热轧压下率增大,冷轧组织变形储能及剪切带的比例逐渐降低,冷轧板中α织构减弱,γ织构增强。退火板晶粒尺寸随热轧压下率增大而增加。热轧压下率为17%及40%时,退火织构以强的Goss织构及相对弱的{100}织构为主,热轧压下率达到55%后,退火织构为强的{115}<110>和{114}<371>织构,Goss织构和{100}组分明显减弱。随热轧压下率增大,退火板磁感值先升高后降低,铁损值先减小后增加。热轧压下率为40%时,退火板综合磁性能最优。     

退火对新型锆合金组织与性能的影响

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和万能试验机等,研究真空退火对新型Zr-Nb-O-Cu锆合金微观组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:在580℃、3 h退火条件下,合金的平均晶粒尺寸为2.5μm,晶粒为等轴晶,退火前后均存在{0001}á1010?和{0001}á1120?两种织构,但基面织构强度有所降低。第二相颗粒在晶内和晶界呈弥散分布,为体心立方(BCC)结构的β-Nb相与密排六方(HCP)结构的Zr-Nb-Fe相,尺寸集中在30~150 nm之间。相对于原材,退火后合金沿轧制方向(RD)和垂直方向(TD)的屈服强度(σs)及抗拉强度(σb)均下降,试样均韧性断裂。3个方向的应变硬化指数(n)与塑性应变比(r)差异明显。晶粒与第二相的尺寸、织构等因素对力学性能有重要影响。     

The Effect of Texture on the Corrosion Behavior of AZ31?Mg Alloy

Magnesium (Mg) grains show anisotropic corrosion behavior, which implies that the single-phase, hot-rolled Mg alloy AZ31 sheet, if highly textured, will have different corrosion performance depending on its crystallographic orientation of the grains. Its rolling surface, dominated by (0001) basal crystallographic planes, is more corrosion resistant than its cross-section surface, which is mainly composed of $ \{ 10\overline{1} 0\} $ and $ \{ 11\overline{2} 0\} $ prismatic crystallographic planes. Furthermore, grain refinement by hot rolling is beneficial to the overall corrosion resistance of AZ31 because of the dissolution of AlMn(Fe) intermetallic precipitates in the alloy. Surface compressive deformation machining can lead to refined grains and an expected preferred grain orientation, thus improving the corrosion resistance of AZ31 alloy.     

Effect of the hot-rolling microstructure on texture and surface roughening of Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy sheets

This study investigates the effect of microstructural changes induced by hot rolling on the formation of the texture in high-strength aluminum alloy sheets used in automotive applications. Fully (S2) and partially (S1) re-crystallized samples were fabricated by controlling the final hot-rolling temperature. Optical microscopy (OM) was used to observe the microstructure of the transverse direction (TD)-plane of the hot-rolled strips, and the electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) technique was used to evaluate the texture of the normal direction (ND)-plane of the finished sheets that were subjected to hot rolling, followed by cold rolling and a solid-solution heat treatment (SSHT). The grains in S1 showed a low-angle grain boundary, and the concentrations of Cube {001}〈100〉 and Goss {011}〈100〉 orientations were detected at different sheet thicknesses. In contrast, a randomized texture was observed in S2. On the basis of the above results, this paper discusses how the microstructure and texture achieved after hot rolling can influence the final microstructure, texture and surface roughening behavior.     

铁素体轧制对普通用冷轧钢板组织和性能的影响

采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对比研究了铁素体区热轧工艺及奥氏体区热轧工艺对普通用冷轧钢板(SPCC)产品热轧组织、冷轧组织及性能的影响。结果表明,与奥氏体区轧制工艺相比,采用铁素体区热轧工艺生产的SPCC热轧板晶粒尺寸会增大约17 μm,{111}面织构数量减少了8.74%,强度略微降低,而{001}<110>织构数量增加了12.40%,强度提高了19.81。此外,采用铁素体区热轧工艺生产的SPCC成品晶粒呈近似等轴状,与奥氏体区热轧工艺相比平均晶粒尺寸增大了4.5 μm。SPCC铁素体区轧制热轧板中更大的晶粒尺寸、更少的{111}面织构及更强的{001}<110>取向织构导致了冷轧成品更低的屈服强度和塑性应变比r值,较奥氏体区热轧工艺而言平均屈服强度降低了19 MPa,平均r值下降了1.1。     

High-Temperature Deformation Behavior of MnS in 1215MS Steel

The effect of manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusions on the machinability of free-cutting steel is based on their morphology, size and distribution. Furthermore, the plasticity of MnS is high during the hot working caused different characterization of MnS. In this study, the deformation behavior of MnS in 1215MS steel after a thermomechanical process was investigated at 1323 K. The microstructures of MnS inclusions were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD). As the thickness reduction of the inclusions increased from 10 to 70%, their average aspect ratio increased from 1.20 to 2.39. In addition, the deformability of MnS inclusions was lower than that of the matrix. The possible slip systems of A, B, C, and D plane traces were \(\left( {\bar{1}0\bar{1}} \right)\left[ {\bar{1}01} \right],\left( {10\bar{1}} \right)\left[ {101} \right],\left( {011} \right)\left[ {01\bar{1}} \right]\), and \(\left( {110} \right)\left[ {1\bar{1}0} \right]\). Furthermore, the EBSD measurements suggested that slip planes in MnS inclusions occur on {110} planes.