Ni/Al复合材料在累积叠轧制备过程中的组织演变和力学分析

通过累积叠轧冷焊接的方式成功制备了Ni/Al复合材料。结果表明:叠轧道次n对Ni组元厚度减薄的影响经历2个阶段:当叠轧道次n≤3时,Al层的变形受到层状结构整体性的抑制,从而使得Ni层和Al层接近等比例协调变形,Ni层的减薄率与复合材料整体减薄率接近相等;当叠轧道次n≥4时,硬质组元Ni颗粒弥散分布于Al组元中的"镶嵌效应",使得Ni层减薄率远低于叠轧压下率。发现可通过观察Ni层断裂角度的大小来判断Ni层的断裂顺序,Ni颗粒纵向尖端角度越小,则断裂越早。建立了叠轧道次对Ni层减薄率、镍铝接触度影响的关系方程。     

累积叠轧制备Ni/Al多层复合材料

室温下采用累积叠轧(ARB)11道次制备了Ni/Al多层复合材料。对不同叠轧道次后复合材料的纵切面的显微组织进行了观察分析。结果表明,单道次叠轧后Ni层即剪切断裂成针叶状颗粒碎片。随着叠轧道次增加,Ni层逐渐减薄并断裂成越来越小的颗粒碎片。通过对Ni颗粒组成的Ni层平均厚度(THKA)进行粒度分析,建立了叠轧道次n与THKA之间的关系模型。     

累积叠轧制备Ti/Ni多层复合材料的组织演变与力学性能研究

本文以工业纯Ti、纯Ni板材为初始材料,采用累积叠轧法(ARB)制备出Ti/Ni多层复合板材料。利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、万能试验机、显微硬度仪对复合材料的组织、界面结构和力学性能进行观察和测试分析。结果表明：随着轧制道次的增加,复合材料中Ti层和Ni层显微组织细化明显,均匀程度提高,ARB5道次后,Ti、Ni层的平均晶粒尺寸分别为200 nm和300 nm;复合材料的抗拉强度、显微硬度和界面结合强度显著提高,ARB5道次后抗拉强度达到810 MPa,延伸率为24.4%,Ti、Ni层平均显微硬度分别为233 HV和229 HV。在ARB1-5道次轧制变形过程中,界面处无明显的原子扩散现象发生。     

累积叠轧制备Ti/Ni多层复合材料的组织演变与力学性能

以工业纯Ti、纯Ni板材为初始材料,采用累积叠轧法(ARB)制备出Ti/Ni多层复合板材料。利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、万能材料试验机、显微硬度仪对复合材料的组织、界面结构和力学性能进行观察和测试分析。结果表明:随着轧制道次的增加,复合材料中Ti层和Ni层显微组织细化明显,均匀程度提高,ARB 5道次后,Ti、Ni层的平均晶粒尺寸分别为200和300 nm;复合材料的抗拉强度、显微硬度显著提高;ARB 5道次后抗拉强度达到810 MPa,延伸率为24.4%,Ti、Ni层平均HV显微硬度分别为2.33和2.29 GPa。在ARB 0~5道次轧制变形过程中,界面处无明显的原子扩散现象发生。     

Ti/Ni多层复合材料界面扩散行为研究

针对累积叠轧5道次制备的Ti/Ni多层结构复合材料试样进行热处理,采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜分析方法,对复合材料的显微组织、界面结构和扩散反应层厚度等进行观察分析,结合动力学理论研究了Ti/Ni界面的扩散行为。结果表明:试样经过累积叠轧5道次轧制后,Ti/Ni界面未发生扩散;在(550～750℃)/(0.5～8 h)热处理后,Ti/Ni界面发生扩散,扩散层厚度与保温时间呈幂函数关系,与加热温度呈指数关系;随着热处理温度的升高,Ti-Ni扩散层的生长方式由650℃以下的体扩散控制逐渐转变为晶界扩散控制。通过计算和验证得到采用累积叠轧5道次制备的Ti/Ni多层复合材料的Ti/Ni界面固相反应层生长动力学方程为:y=1.7043×10~4 exp(-78202/RT)t~(1.2009-0.0008T)。     

Ti/Ni多层复合材料界面扩散行为的研究

本文针对累积叠轧5道次制备的Ti/Ni多层结构复合材料试样进行热处理,采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜分析方法,对复合材料的显微组织、界面结构和扩散反应层厚度等进行观察分析,结合动力学理论研究了Ti/Ni界面的扩散行为。研究结果表明：试样经过累积叠轧5道次轧制后,Ti/Ni界面未发生扩散;在(550 ℃-750 ℃)×(0.5 h-8 h)热处理后,Ti/Ni界面发生扩散,扩散层厚度与保温时间呈幂函数关系,与加热温度呈指数关系;随着热处理温度的升高,Ti-Ni扩散层的生长方式由650 ℃以下的体扩散控制逐渐转变为晶界扩散控制。通过计算和验证得到采用累积叠轧5道次制备的Ti/Ni多层复合材料的Ti/Ni界面固相反应层生长动力学方程为：y=1.7043*104*exp(-78202/RT) *t1.2009-0.0008T。     

退火工艺对AA3003铝合金累积叠轧板材组织性能的影响

采用了金相、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、硬度、拉伸、杯突等试验手段研究了累积叠轧AA3003铝合金板材退火处理后的微观组织和性能。结果表明,叠轧板材在退火过程中晶粒等轴化,叠轧道次越高,退火后晶粒越细小,且退火能促使叠轧板材界面的焊合。叠轧4道次的板材随着退火温度的提高,逐渐发生再结晶和晶粒长大,强度和硬度性能逐渐降低并趋于平稳,塑性和成形性能则逐渐改善。叠轧4道次的板材再结晶完成温度约为346℃,温度低于350℃时,厚向晶粒尺寸比较均匀,但表面层和中心层织构存在明显差异;温度达到450℃时,表面层的晶粒尺寸要明显大于中心层,厚度方向组织不均匀性加大,但其织构趋于一致。     

累积叠轧工艺对AgSnO_2复合材料组织与性能的影响（英文）

以反应合成所制备的AgSnO_2复合材料为研究对象,采用XRD、光学显微镜与物理、力学性能测试分析手段,分析了反应合成AgSnO_2复合材料的物相,温度为973 K条件下AgSnO_2复合材料经过4道次累积叠轧后的显微组织及密度、硬度、电阻率等性能。结果表明:累积叠轧工艺对反应合成AgSnO_2复合材料显微组织与物理性能有显著影响;累积叠轧道次影响着增强相SnO_2在银基体中的分布状态,叠轧不仅能够促使SnO_2在银基体中弥散化分布,也会由于叠层导致SnO_2的二次团聚;其密度、硬度均随着累积叠轧次数增多而升高,电阻率在第1次叠轧时有所降低,随后随着累积叠次数增多而升高。     

轧制变形对建筑用Al-Mn合金组织与性能的影响

采用累积叠轧工艺制备了1 mm厚的Al-Mn和Al-Mn-Er-Zr合金,研究了累积叠轧道次对Al-Mn和Al-Mn-Er-Zr合金显微组织、拉伸性能、显微硬度和微观结构的影响,分析了累积叠轧和微量元素Er、Zr的作用机理。结果表明:随着累积叠轧道次的增加,Al-Mn和Al-Mn-Er-Zr合金板的界面结合数不断增加,界面结合质量有所提高,且相同累积叠轧道次下Al-Mn-Er-Zr合金板的界面结合质量更好;累积叠轧后Al-Mn和Al-Mn-Er-Zr合金板的强度相较于叠轧前有所提高,断后伸长率有所减小,而随着累积叠轧道次增加,强度和硬度不断增大而塑性变化较小;在相同的叠轧道次下,Al-Mn-Er-Zr合金的强度和硬度都要高于Al-Mn合金; Al-Mn和Al-Mn-Er-Zr合金叠轧后都会在形变区域形成亚晶和位错胞,且随着累积叠轧道次的增加,位错胞会逐渐转变为细小晶粒;相同叠轧道次下Al-Mn-Er-Zr合金中位错和亚晶密度会更高,这与Al-Mn-Er-Zr合金中形成了细小的钉扎位错和晶界的颗粒状Al3Er相有关。     

轧制工艺对TA5钛合金薄板组织与性能的影响

研究了热叠轧以及多道次冷轧工艺对TA5钛合金薄板组织与性能的影响。结果表明,采用热叠轧工艺生产的TA5薄板存在明显的变形α晶粒且尺寸较大。与热叠轧工艺相比,多道次冷轧工艺生产的板材成品退火后,发生了完全再结晶,且晶粒细小,组织分布均匀。两种不同轧制工艺生产的成品板性能均满足GB/T 3621标准要求,且多道次冷轧工艺生产的薄板表现出了优异的综合性能,其强度、塑性以及冷弯性能要明显优于热叠轧工艺。     

退火温度对铝青铜微观组织及硬度的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、XRD和硬度计等分析了Cu-Al-Ni合金在冷轧与退火过程中微观组织结构及硬度的变化规律,研究了合金在不同退火温度条件下的软化行为。结果表明,当采用950 ℃保温淬火工艺后,Cu-Al-Ni合金主要由面心立方结构的α相与体心立方结构的β相组成,分布于晶界处的β相对合金硬度的影响作用小。由于位错强化作用的显著增强,合金在冷轧后硬度明显升高,达到270 HV0.5。冷轧态Cu-Al-Ni合金在400 ℃以上温度退火后会发生明显软化现象,软化的主要原因是再结晶反应所引起的位错密度下降。Cu-Al-Ni合金的再结晶温度在300 ℃以上,高于纯铜的再结晶温度,这表明Ni、Al元素的添加有利于提高纯铜再结晶温度,并能改善其高温抗软化性能。     

Cr3C2/Ni3Al复合材料的微观组织和室温耐磨性

采用药芯焊丝法制得Ni-Al-Cr3C2复合焊丝,将该焊丝堆焊于工件表面,在堆焊过程中,利用氩弧物理热和Ni-Al反应热,Ni与Al化合反应生成Ni3Al金属间化合物,Cr3C2则发生分解,除少部分[C]与[Cr]固溶于Ni3Al基体中外,大部分反应重新析出细小的Cr3C2相,均匀地分布于Ni3Al基体中.室温磨粒磨损和微动磨损实验结果表明,Cr3C2/Ni3Al复合材料的耐磨性为Stellite12合金的2倍左右,较高的硬度、高的碳化物体积分数以及碳化物与Ni3Al基体间良好的界面结合力是Cr3C2/Ni3Al复合材料耐磨性优良的主要原因.     

Refinement Mechanism Research of Al3Ni Phase in Ni-7050 Alloy

在7050合金的基础上,使用铸锭冶金工艺制备镍含量为 5%,10%的 2 种复合材料,研究 Al3Ni 相的细化机制。通过硬度测试,金相观察,SEM,DSC 等测试手段分析其组织及性能。结果表明该材料的硬度在 T6 时效后分别达到 1918 MPa(5%镍)和 2364MPa(10%镍),高于 7050 合金(1800 MPa)。材料断口观察结果显示,器断裂机制主要为 Al3Ni 相的沿晶脆性断裂及与基体界面分离 2种断裂模式。退火及轧制工艺对材料性能的影响主要为:长时间退火处理可使 Al3Ni 相明显细化,并使其球化。随着退火时间的延长,材料的硬度先增加后减小;经过多道次的冷轧/热轧工艺,Al3Ni 沉淀相逐步细化,由长棒状被破碎为大小相似的颗粒。     

Solid state reactions in Al/Ni alternate foils induced by cold rolling and annealing

Al/Ni composites made of alternate foils having overall composition Al₅₀Ni₅₀ and Al₆₆Ni₃₄ were rolled up to 75 times folding them after every rolling pass to restore approximately the original thickness. It was found that the deformation of the composite is sustained by the Ni with Al acting as transmitting medium. The logarithmic reduction of foil thickness scales with the number of rolling passes. A nanocrystalline state of the elements, particularly Ni, is progressively reached. No detectable reaction is caused by repeated co-deformation. Reactions in the composites occur on annealing. The sequence of phases obtained at Al/Ni interfaces via nucleation and growth, and identified by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, reproduces that found on annealing deposited multilayers and ball-milled powders: Al₃Ni, Al₃Ni₂, NiAl. All reactions are strongly activated by deformation, i.e. they occur at lower temperature as revealed by continuous heating experiments in a differential scanning calorimeter. The overall set of experimental results is consistent with reaction mechanisms of nucleation and growth with grain-boundary interdiffusion as the rate-determining step. This view is supported by comparison with a collection of data for the activation energy of diffusion, grain growth, and ordering in Al–Ni phases.     

Mechanical and dielectric properties of Ni/Al2O3 composites

Ni/Al2O3 composites were prepared by hot pressing approach. The relationship between their microstructure, mechanical, dielectric and magnetic properties with Ni particle content was studied. By increasing the amount of metal in the composite, the relative density and the bending strength decrease gradually. The possible reason is that non-wetting between Ni and alumina in the preparation results in weak adhesion of the Ni/A; interface. For the composites, the maximum fracture toughness is 6.4 MPa. m^1/2, which is about 25% higher than that of pure alumina ceramic. The increase in toughness of the Ni/Al2O3 composites is due to the deformation of nickel particles. The complex dielectric constant measurements indicate that the real part and the imaginary part increase greatly with the Ni content in the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz. The real part and the imaginary part of complex permeability of the composites also increase with increasing Ni content.     

00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢的精轧工艺

为了研究00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢的精轧工艺,使用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机模拟00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢在变形温度为800、850、900、950 ℃,变形量为40%、50%、60%,应变速率为50 s^-1条件下的热压缩变形行为,并对其进行1080、1120、1160 ℃的固溶热处理,观察固溶热处理前后的组织形貌。结果表明:在800~950 ℃热压缩温度下,随变形量增大,再结晶越完全,再结晶平均晶粒尺寸越细小;经固溶处理1 h后,静态再结晶就越充分。在40%~60%变形量下,随热压缩温度升高,再结晶越完全,再结晶平均晶粒尺寸越大。热压缩变形试验钢随固溶处理温度升高,再结晶平均晶粒尺寸越大。00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢的精轧最佳轧制温度为800 ℃,压缩变形量为60%,固溶温度为1080 ℃。     

Study of the recrystallization process of AlMgSi alloys containing transition elements

The addition of small amounts of the transition elements such as Zr, Mn and Cr, which have a low solubility in the α-aluminium solid solution and thus form dispersoids, to AlMgSi alloys showed that these elements inhibit recrystallization when the alloys are pre-heated prior to deformation. The formation of coarse particles during casting is mainly due to the presence of Fe. This type of particles found, even, in solution treated samples. The particles, with a diameter exceeding 3 μm, accelerate the recrystallization as they provide good sites for nucleation of recrystallization. Precipitate free zones (PFZ's) developed around the coarse particles favour nucleation of recrystallization by subgrain growth. The presence of dispersoid particles is found to shift the recrystallization energy peak towards higher temperatures. Intermediate annealing before deformation allowed to achieve a high rate of deformation by cold rolling due to the removal of the solute from the matrix by the formation of the hardening phases. Optical and transmission electron microscopy, hardness measurements and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the kinetics of precipitation and recrystallization of the AlMgSi alloys.     

Hot Deformation and Subsequent Annealing on the Microstructure and Hardness of an Al0.3CoCrFeNi High-entropy Alloy

The influence of simple thermomechanical processing such as hot deformation and heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of an Al0.3CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy has been investigated.Results show that the relatively high deformation temperature can induce discontinuous dynamic recrystallization with fine grains initially nucleating at the elongated grain boundaries.The transition from partial recrystallization to fully recrystallization,as well as the precipitation behavior after annealing,has been described in detail.Both bcc precipitation and completely recrystallized grains can be observed after annealing at 1000 ℃.Based on detailed microstructure analysis,the decrease in hardness value is shown to be related to both dynamic recrystallization and dynamic recovery which lead to softening.     

Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢的热轧工艺

运用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机研究了00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢在变形温度为1000～1200 ℃,变形量为50%、60%、70%,应变速率为0.05 s^-1条件下的热压缩变形行为,并观察分析变形后试样组织形貌和经1080 ℃固溶热处理后试样的组织形貌。观察试样固溶热处理前后的组织形貌得到在1000~1150 ℃下进行热压缩变形,随着变形量的增加,动态再结晶越完全;经过固溶热处理后,静态再结晶就越充分。但在1200 ℃时,温度过高,再结晶已完成并且晶粒发生长大。在变形量分别为50%、60%和70%时,随着变形温度的升高,再结晶越完全,经固溶热处理后,再结晶更完全。00Cr22Ni13Mn5Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢热轧最佳轧制温度为1100 ℃,压缩变形量为70%。     

Effect of Ball Milling of Feedstock Powder on Microstructure and Properties of TiN Particle-Reinforced Al Alloy-Based Composites Fabricated by Cold Spraying

Dense Al5356/TiN composites with TiN particles uniformly dispersed in the matrix were produced by cold spraying (CS) using both the mechanically mixed (MM) and ball-milled (BM) powder blends with 50 wt.% TiN compared to that of CS pure Al5356 deposit. The microhardness of the composite deposited with the BM blend was three times higher than that of pure Al5356 coating. Compared to the coating deposited with the MM powder (MM composite), the hardness of the coating deposited with the BM powder (BM composite) was significantly increased owing to the increase of TiN volume fraction, which is comparable to that of the MM composite deposited with the 75 wt.% TiN feedstock. The adhesive strength of the composites was remarkably improved in comparison with the pure Al5356 coating because of the pinning effect of TiN particles. The coefficient of frication (COF) and wear rate (WR) were measured using a ball-on-disc tribometer. It was found that the COFs and WRs of the composites were much lower than those of pure Al5356 coating. Especially, the WRs of the MM and BM composites were, respectively, decreased by about 14 and 50 times than that of pure Al5356 deposit. This phenomenon could be ascribed that TiN particles contribute to a third-body abrasion in the following sliding process, which benefits the decrease of COF by rolling action partially instead of sliding action. For the BM composite, more and finer TiN particles present in the worn surface compared to the MM composite, which will be helpful to the further decrease of the COF and WR.