A review on E-business Interoperability Frameworks

Interoperability frameworks present a set of assumptions, concepts, values, and practices that constitute a method of dealing with interoperability issues in the electronic business (e-business) context. Achieving interoperability in the e-business generates numerous benefits. Thus, interoperability frameworks are the main component of e-business activities. This paper describes the existing interoperability frameworks for e-business, and performs a comparative analysis among their findings to determine the similarities and differences in their philosophy and implementation. This analysis yields a set of recommendations for any party that is open to the idea of creating or improving an E-business Interoperability Framework.     

基于ISM的互操作性测试方法

协议测试中的互操作性测试是保证不同厂商通信设备之间能够正确实施互操作的主要工程测试方法。针对互操作性测试过程中缺乏形式化测试框架和测试方法指导而导致无法保证测试可靠性的问题,在介绍ETSI定义的通用互操作性测试模型基础上,提出一个基于互操作性状态机的互操作性测试方法。通过一个面向IPsec VPN的互操作性测试实例表明该方法的有效性和可行性。     

开放系统中的互操作性

互操作性是开放系统和分布式计算领域中的关键技术之一。本文从几个不同的侧面对互操作性进行了详细的论述，包括：互操作性内涵的澄清，互操作性的分类和中间件技术。最后本文给出了一个已经实现了的互操作中间件ＯＳＥｗａｒｅ的设计思想，另餐，本文还指出了对互操作性作进一步研究的两个方向，面向对象的互操作，ＯＤＰ和ＣＯＲＢＡ之间的互操作。     

LISI的分析与借鉴

信息系统的互操作对于军事综合电子信息系统至关重要，美军制定的信息系统互操作性的等级(USI)模型分为隔离级、连接级、功能级、领域级、企业级，在每一个等级中又分为若干子级，以反映较小的互操作性能变化。LISI等级属性分成四类：规程(P)、应用(A)、基础设施(I)和数据(D)，总称为PAID。一个完整的综合电子信息系统互操作性评估系统包括三个大的组成部分：互操作性评估基础与标准、互操作性评估工具、互操作性评估产品。该文还分析了我军综合电子信息系统对美国的LISI如何借鉴和应用，最后进行了小结。     

元数据互操作技术探讨

首先分析了元数据互操作的三个层次和当前互操作技术的发展趋势；然后以元数据互操作技术OAI为实例分析，简单介绍了OAI的技术框架和OAI协议的主要特点，并给出了元数据采集系统一般的设计方法和需要考虑的问题；最后对元数据互操作的几种技术进行了效益分析和比较，并介绍了设计一个复杂的系统时通常采用的策略。     

可互用E-learning系统三层结构及内容共享

互用性是E-learning系统与其他应用相集成以实现数据共享和重用的关键因素。为了充分利用互联网上大量的信息资源,发掘和进一步创建出可重用的和自适应的学习内容,需要设计出新的E-learning系统结构来支持以上功能。文章提出了一种开放式的E-learning三层结构,其中包括一个协作式的教学环境和与其他应用软件的接口。系统的设计和开发基于极有可能成为国际标准的IMS规范。文中记述了开发过程以及采用的方法,重点阐述了由组件构成的系统架构和内容共享的实现。     

基于Web的软件构件互操作性研究

探讨了WWW环境下软件构件的互操作性。对于几种主流的软件构件模型 :CORBA ,COM和Jav aBeans,回顾了其互操作性研究的应用状况 ;同时 ,基于对SOAP的学习探讨 ,提出了将该技术集成到软件构件的互操作研究中去 ,解决异构软件构件的通信协作问题 ;最后对目前SOAP不同实现存在的问题进行了讨论。     

OSEware：一个支持面向计算互操作性的中间件

互操作性是计算机开放系统的必具特特征之一，是技术界至尚未完美地解决的公开问题。开放系统中互操作性可以划分为面向计算互操作性和面向信息互操作性，本文将介绍的是，作者设计并实现的一个用于支持面向计算的可互操作性的应用开发与应用运行环境－中间件ＯＳＥｗａｒｅ。     

Interoperability evaluation models: A systematic review

Interoperability is defined as the ability for two (or more) systems or components to exchange information and to use the information that has been exchanged. There is increasing demand for interoperability between individual software systems. Developing an interoperability evaluation model between software and information systems is difficult, and becoming an important challenge. An interoperability evaluation model allows knowing the degree of interoperability, and lead to the improvement of interoperability. This paper describes the existing interoperability evaluation models, and performs a comparative analysis among their findings to determine the similarities and differences in their philosophy and implementation. This analysis yields a set of recommendations for any party that is open to the idea of creating or improving an interoperability evaluation model.     

作战系统互操作应用效能的仿真评估研究

作战系统互操作是实现多军种联合作战并进而在战争中取得信息优势的关键技术.实现作战系统互操作必须解决的一个问题是互操作的应用效能评估,即评估互操作可以在何种程度上提升作战系统的应用效能.文章旨在通过对作战系统互操作应用效能评估方法进行仿真来证明评估指标体系和评估方法的有效性.仿真系统基于已建立的作战系统互操作的应用效能评估指标体系和综合评估方法,通过Vc 进行了实现.文中给出了仿真评估的运算步骤和计算实例.仿真结果表明了该作战系统互操作应用效能评估方法的可行性.     

基于网格技术的数字图书馆互操作研究

互操作是实现数字图书馆集成或联邦的中心问题。对目前流行的几种数字图书馆互操作解决方案进行分析和对比,指出各自的优势和不足。在此基础上引入网格技术,提出一种基于网格技术的增强型互操作体系结构。对该体系结构进行具体分析。     

Interoperability results for Semantic Web technologies using OWL as the interchange language

Using Semantic Web technologies in complex scenarios requires that such technologies correctly interoperate by interchanging ontologies using the RDF(S) and OWL languages. This interoperability is not straightforward because of the high heterogeneity in Semantic Web technologies and, while the number of such technologies grows, affordable mechanisms for evaluating Semantic Web technology interoperability are needed to comprehend the current and future interoperability of Semantic Web technologies.This paper presents the OWL Interoperability Benchmarking, an international benchmarking activity that involved the evaluation of the interoperability of different Semantic Web technologies using OWL as the interchange language. It describes the evaluation resources used in this benchmarking activity, the OWL Lite Import Benchmark Suite and the IBSE tool, and presents how to use them for evaluating the OWL interoperability of Semantic Web technologies. Moreover, the paper offers an overview of the OWL interoperability results of the eight tools participating in the benchmarking: one ontology-based annotation tool (GATE), three ontology frameworks (Jena, KAON2, and SWI-Prolog), and four ontology development tools (Protégé Frames, Protégé OWL, SemTalk, and WebODE).     

基于MFI的企业业务模型互操作能力度量方法研究

业界存在多种企业业务模型,模型的定义、描述、结构、功能及支持工具通常存在差异,这些差异导致业务模型间的部分语义互操作存在较大困难。绝大部分企业业务模型都能够通过4个维度(Role,Goal,Process,Service)来描述,因此,一个企业业务模型实际上是一个具体的RGPS模型,依此提出企业业务模型互操作能力度量方法。首先基于互操作性元模型框架MFI构建RGPS互操作性特征框架,再将特征框架定义为RGPS模型互操作性特征集;其次对业务模型特征所属类型与所具有的性质进行分析,定义数学方法,并基于互操作性特征集对模型特征进行标识与量化,得到模型实例;再次通过数据相似性算法计算模型实例间的相似性,得出RGPS模型集中任意两个模型间的互操作能力值,从而构建RGPS模型集的互操作能力度量矩阵;最后,采用该方法对不同领域间典型的企业业务模型互操作能力进行度量,分析并讨论度量结果,从而在一定程度上验证了互操作能力度量方法能促进并引导不同领域企业业务模型的有效协作。     

Geometric interoperability via queries

The problem of geometric (model and system) interoperability is conceptualized as a non-trivial generalization of the problem of part interchangeability in mechanical assemblies. Interoperability subsumes the problems of geometric model quality, exchange, and interchangeability, as well as system integration. Until now, most of the interoperability proposals have been data-centric. Instead, we advocate a query-centric approach that can deliver interoperable solutions to many common geometric tasks in computer aided design and manufacturing, including model acquisition and exchange, metrology, and computer aided design/analysis integration.     

一种基于移动Agent的数字图书馆互操作框架

互操作是实现数字图书馆（DLs)的集成（或联邦）需要解决的关键问题，其目的是将Web上广泛分布的，自治的，异构的DLs联合起来，利用统一的查询界面实现对多个DLs的透明访问，首先介绍了DLs互操作的实现方法，并指出了各自的优缺点：在此基础上，提出一种基于移动Agent的DLs互操作框架，并给出了基于该框架实现的一个原型系统。     

A Formal Approach to Protocol Interoperability Testing

Porotocol Interoperability testing is an important means to ensure the interconnection and interoperation between protocol products.In this paper,we proposed a formal approach to protocol interoperability testing based on the operational semantics of Concurrent TTCN.We define Concurrent TTCN‘s operational semantics by using Labeled Transition System,and describe the interoperability test execution and test verdict based on Concurrent TTCN.This approach is very helpful for the formation of formal interoperability testing theory and construction of general interoperability testing system.     

软件组件的互操作性和透明性

互操作性和透明性独立于系统功能。分布式系统结构实现互操作性和透明性非常复杂，需要深入的软件工程知识、系统软件体系结构和新的系统互操作性观点。尽管使用技术可以获得特定情况下的互操作性，但不能解决一般意义下的透明互操作性问题。对分布式系统的互操作性和透明性问题进行了深入地分析与阐述，并探究了互操作性与软件体系结构的关系，着重讨论了交叉领域的互操作性要求。相信与软件体系结构结合起来的互操作性和透明性的实现将对大规模、复杂的分布式系统产生深远的影响。     

Semantic interoperability in eGovernment initiatives

Interoperability has been identified as a major issue to be addressed by every egovernment initiatives. In order to tackle this issue, the egovernment agencies have developed tools to facilitate the interchange of information between departments when providing public services to citizens and businesses through internet. This paper surveys how the egovernment agencies in Europe and the United States have developed tools such as interoperability frameworks and enterprise architectures. It covers specifically how the semantic technologies and standards have been incorporated into the interoperability frameworks. The incorporation is a sign of maturity, because interoperability is to cover not only technical aspects, but also semantic and, in the end, organisational aspects.