豆腐保鲜研究进展

从地域导向、营养组分、微生物、加工工艺等方面分析了传统豆腐难保鲜的原因并概述了豆腐的包装方式。从物理杀菌、化学杀菌、生物杀菌等方面介绍了豆腐的传统保鲜方法，并阐述了低温等离子体活化水(PAW)、高压均质技术(HPH)、新型凝固剂等豆腐保鲜新技术，以期为豆腐保鲜提供理论参考。     

米酒复合保鲜技术的研究

研究了汤原米酒保鲜技术,采用复合保鲜剂和温和杀菌条件相结合的保鲜技术,并比较了不同保鲜剂的保鲜效果,微波杀菌和巴氏杀菌的差异,选取了最佳的工艺条件。可以为工业化米酒生产提供一定的理论依据。     

蕨菜护绿保鲜技术应用研究

本实验采用不同的护绿剂及不同的保鲜液，分杀菌和不杀菌两种操作，对蕨菜保鲜效果进行比较分析。结果表明，将蕨菜在95℃的0．5g／kg果蔬护绿剂溶液中漂烫3min后，用保鲜液浸泡2hr，保鲜液采用0．08％保鲜剂A与0．05％保鲜剂B，用柠檬酸和抗坏血酸调pH值为3．8，80℃巴氏杀菌10min，护绿保鲜效果最好。     

紫外技术在食品工业中的应用

概括地介绍了紫外技术在食品工业中的应用，即紫外杀菌的原理及其在表面杀菌、空气杀菌和液、固体物料杀菌上的应用，并简要介绍了其在果蔬保鲜和改善食品加工性能等方面的应用。     

气体二氧化氯在果蔬杀菌保鲜方面的研究与应用

二氧化氯是一种国际上公认的性能优良、安全无公害的杀菌消毒剂和食品保鲜剂。国内关于二氧化氯在果蔬保鲜领域的研究多局限于液体二氧化氯,气体二氧化氯在果蔬保鲜方面的研究相对较少。气体二氧化氯较液体二氧化氯有许多优势,在果蔬杀菌保鲜方面有更加广阔的应用前景。本文综述了二氧化氯的杀菌保鲜机理及气体二氧化氯的特性与优点,总结了近年来国内外关于气体二氧化氯在果蔬杀菌保鲜方面的研究,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

新型鸡肉制品防腐保鲜剂研究

通过多种防腐保鲜方法的综合使用,尽量少地破坏鸡肉原有的风味口感和营养成分,并达到保鲜的效果。对大肠杆菌以及总菌数进行检测,得出以下结论:通过臭氧杀菌和乳酸链球菌素等多种保鲜手段的综合运用,可以在降低杀菌温度的同时保证杀菌效果。     

肉制品的保鲜新技术

本文阐述了现今采用的肉制品保鲜技术，冷藏保鲜、防腐剂保鲜、包装保鲜、冷杀菌保鲜等技术的原理、优缺点和它们的应用情况。     

月饼干热杀菌防霉研究

研究了保鲜剂、干热杀菌和贮藏条件对月饼防霉保质的影响。单个包装的月饼经80℃、30min干热杀菌可保鲜30d，干热杀菌结合添加少量防腐剂可保鲜60d以上。光线不仅促进月饼发霉，还使其颜色变浅、泛黄。     

生鲜面保鲜技术研究进展

该文简述生鲜面特点,系统介绍pH保鲜、添加剂保鲜、非热杀菌技术、冷藏保鲜、工艺保鲜、气调包装保鲜等技术在生鲜面保鲜中应用,并探讨一些适于生鲜面保鲜的新方法。     

无锡肉酿面筋杀菌保鲜的研究

微波杀菌、辐照杀菌和高温高压杀菌3种杀菌技术已经广泛应用于食品工业中。本文分别采取微波杀菌、辐照杀菌、高温高压杀菌3种不同的杀菌保鲜方法,以样品无锡肉酿面筋在贮存期间的细菌总数和感官评价分值为检测指标,探究无锡肉酿面筋的最佳杀菌工艺方法。通过进一步对比微波杀菌、辐照杀菌、高温高压杀菌3种方法的保鲜效果,进而确定无锡肉酿面筋的最佳保鲜技术。     

Relationships Between Food Preferences and Food Acceptance Ratings

A study was conducted to assess relationships between food preference ratings and food acceptability ratings. Acceptability ratings for each of two discriminably different samples of nine food items were obtained using the 9-point hedonic scale. Regression analysis indicated that no linear relationship existed between these ratings and either hedonic or frequency preference ratings of the foods. In addition, the range of acceptability ratings was smaller than the range of corresponding’preference ratings. Panelists’expressed preferences had no effect on their assignment of differential acceptance ratings to different samples of the items. Correlations between preference ratings of laboratory panelists and military field panelists were good, in spite of higher absolute preference ratings assigned by the laboratory panel.     

食品中的反式脂肪酸与食品安全

反式脂肪酸是具有反式构型双键的一类不饱和脂肪酸的总称,其来源广泛,存在于大量的油脂及油脂食品中。近年流行病学调查研究表明,反式脂肪酸对人类健康有很大的危害,这引起了大众和科学家的广泛关注。本文综述了反式脂肪酸的存在现状、主要来源及对健康的主要危害,并从氢化技术、油脂精炼技术、交酯化反应及基因改良技术等方面介绍了减少油脂加工中反式脂肪酸产生的措施。     

食品安全和食品添加剂

最迎阜阳出现“毒奶粉”事件使食品安全再次成为全国舆论焦点。为此,回顾近年来卫生部对食品安全事件统计资料,可以看出,食品安全虽与食品添加剂有一定关系,但真正不安全因素并不是食品添加剂本身。为保证食品添加剂使用安全,各国均有一整套严密审批制度,当新的不利因素发现时,都会及时将其从名单中删除,包括FAO/WHO及美国、日本等国,因此现行食品添加剂使用名单是安全的。此外,随着新的、功能性食品添加剂参与,未来的食品添加剂将更加安全有效。     

食物过敏与食物过敏原

该文综述食物过敏与食物过敏原研究现状,涉及植物性食物、动物性食物及转基因食物中过敏原研 究,并介绍过敏原在食品加工处理的稳定性研究,过敏原检测方法,食物过敏控制等几个方面研究进展。     

Deodorization of Garlic Breath Volatiles by Food and Food Components

The ability of foods and beverages to reduce allyl methyl disulfide, diallyl disulfide, allyl mercaptan, and allyl methyl sulfide on human breath after consumption of raw garlic was examined. The treatments were consumed immediately following raw garlic consumption for breath measurements, or were blended with garlic prior to headspace measurements. Measurements were done using a selected ion flow tube‐mass spectrometer. Chlorophyllin treatment demonstrated no deodorization in comparison to the control. Successful treatments may be due to enzymatic, polyphenolic, or acid deodorization. Enzymatic deodorization involved oxidation of polyphenolic compounds by enzymes, with the oxidized polyphenols causing deodorization. This was the probable mechanism in raw apple, parsley, spinach, and mint treatments. Polyphenolic deodorization involved deodorization by polyphenolic compounds without enzymatic activity. This probably occurred for microwaved apple, green tea, and lemon juice treatments. When pH is below 3.6, the enzyme alliinase is inactivated, which causes a reduction in volatile formation. This was demonstrated in pH‐adjusted headspace measurements. However, the mechanism for volatile reduction on human breath (after volatile formation) is unclear, and may have occurred in soft drink and lemon juice breath treatments. Whey protein was not an effective garlic breath deodorant and had no enzymatic activity, polyphenolic compounds, or acidity. Headspace concentrations did not correlate well to breath treatments.     

罐头工业与食品添加剂

在当前食品安全问题比较突出的时候 ,罐头食品是比较安全可靠的食品。但如何使罐头食品象家庭烹饪食品那么好吃 ,使罐头食品能满足不同人群的需要 ,生产一些特殊营养罐头食品 ,就必须选择若干有功能的食品添加剂。文中介绍了一些食品添加剂在罐头食品中的应用情况 ,旨在进一步促进罐头食品在提高其色香味和口感的同时 ,能开发出适应不同人群需要的特殊营养罐头。     

焙烤食品和食品添加剂

介绍了焙烤工业常用的食品添加剂。在使用中比较关注的问题主要包括：面粉增白剂过氧化苯甲酰的使用,关于溴酸钾的替代品问题,木聚糖酶的应用,功能性添加剂的使用等。     

Household Food Insecurity and Canadian Aboriginal Women's Self-efficacy in Food Preparation

Purpose: Determinants of self-efficacy related to food preparation using store-bought food were examined in women belonging to the Atikamekw Nation. Also examined was whether self-efficacy was associated with household food insecurity. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 107 women responsible for household food supplies. Two self-efficacy scores were calculated, one for healthy food preparation and one for food preparation in general. Household food insecurity was measured with an adapted version of the United States Food Security Core Module. The other variables were household composition, income sources, food supplies, tobacco use, participants' health status, and lifestyle and sociodemographic characteristics. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze associations between self-efficacy and household food insecurity in 99 participants. Results: Severe household food insecurity was associated with significantly lower healthy food preparation scores in Atikamekw women. Other associated variables were food supplies, marital status, alcohol consumption, weight status, and understanding of the native language. Conclusions: Application of the concept of self-efficacy contributes to a better understanding of the factors influencing food preparation in Atikamekw women. In this study, self-efficacy in healthy food preparation was linked to food insecurity and obesity, particularly in the most serious cases. Efforts to improve diet will require not only behavioural interventions, but public policies.