一种可擦写可读出的分子基电双稳器件

报道一种可以连续可逆转换的分子基电双稳薄膜器件Ag/BN4/Al,其中BN4为分子材料.该器件在较强电场(约为6 V)作用下表现为高阻态("0"态),阻值大于105 Ω;而在较弱的电场(＜2 V)作用下则为低阻态("1"态)，阻值约为102 Ω，两种状态的阻抗比103～105.改变外加电场的大小，器件的两种状态随之发生多次转变，转换次数可超过103.高阻态和低阻态的状态信息还可以用一个小电压脉冲(0.2 V)来读取.这种简单器件具有可擦写可读出功能，可用于制作分子基开关和分子基存贮器.     

一种电可擦写可读出的有机薄膜存储器件

报道一种具有可逆电双稳特性的有机薄膜存储器件.器件采用三明治夹层结构Ag/DBCN/Al,DBCN为有机分子材料的简称.这种薄膜器件可以通过改变外加电场的大小来控制所处的状态,表现出高电压区(＞6V)为高阻态(＞106Ω),低电压区(1～2V)为低阻态(～103Ω)的特性,外电场消失时其状态能够长时间保持稳定(超过3个月),还可以用小电压脉冲信号(＜0.5V)来读取其状态信息.此外还发现该器件具有良好的耐热稳定性.     

具有非易失存储功能的可逆有机电双稳器件

报道一种能够在室温下具有可逆电双稳特性，并实现非易失信息存储功能的有机薄膜器件。器件为简单的三层结构，Al/HPYM/Ag，HPYM为一种有机分子材料，通过真空热蒸发法制成薄膜作为信息存储介质。该器件可通过正向及反向电压脉冲的激发而实现高阻态（“0”态）、低阻态（“1”态）的转变，相当于信号的写入和擦除。当外电场撤除时，其状态信息可以长时间保持，并且被小电压脉冲读取，两种导电态的阻值比约为10^5。     

基于CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)薄膜厚度的数模阻变转换机理EI北大核心

采用溶胶凝胶法和旋涂工艺在FTO衬底制备阻变层CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)薄膜,通过在CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)薄膜表面热蒸镀Al电极制备Al/CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)/FTO阻变器件,采用XRD和XPS表征CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)薄膜的晶相组成和晶体结构。结果表明:阻变层中主要由TiO_(2)和CeO_(2-x)组成。与Al/CeO_(2)/FTO器件相比,Al/CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)/FTO阻变器件的电学性能得到提升。I-V测试表明Al/CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)/FTO器件具有无初始化过程的双极性阻变特性。对不同CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)厚度下的阻变器件进行电学分析,研究表明Al/CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)/FTO器件在不同CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)膜厚下其低阻态呈欧姆导电机制。随着CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)厚度的增加,高阻态的阻变机制会发生本质变化,器件的阻变机制从氧空位导电细丝机制转变为缺陷对电荷的捕获/释放机制。研究发现Al/CeO_(2-x)-TiO_(2)界面处的AlO_(x)层是阻变机制转变的关键,AlO_(x)层的增厚使器件从“数字型”转变为“模拟型”。     

铋掺杂对SrTiO3薄膜微观结构及阻变行为的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶及快速退火工艺在p+-Si上制备了Bi掺杂SrTiO_3薄膜,构建了Ag/Sr_(1-x)Bi_xTiO_3/p+-Si结构阻变器件,研究了Bi掺杂量对薄膜微观结构、器件阻变行为及特性的影响。结果表明:Bi掺杂量较低时并未改变Sr_(1-x)Bi_xTiO_3薄膜的相结构,但随着掺杂比例的增大,晶粒尺寸也明显增大,当掺杂量x=0.16时,有Bi4SrTi4O15及TiO2相形成;不同Bi掺杂量的Ag/Sr_(1-x)Bi_xTiO_3/p+-Si器件均呈现出双极性阻变特性,且有明显的多级阻变行为。随Bi掺杂量的增加,器件的阻变性能逐步提高,当x=0.12时器件的高、低阻态电阻比值最大,达到105左右,并且在2 000次可逆循环测试下,高、低阻态电阻比未出现衰减,表现出良好的抗疲劳特性,但当掺杂量x达到或超过0.16后,器件的性能呈下降趋势。Bi掺杂量的增大会导致器件高阻态时的导电机制从空间电荷效应(SCLC)导电机制(x0.16)转变为肖特基势垒发射(x=0.16)。器件在低阻态下均遵循欧姆导电机制。     

用累积差值法校准十进盘电阻器时的测量不确定度评定

0.O1级宽范围精密电阻箱(如HYl6505型)的(105～107)Ω阻值,由于其高阻高准确度的特点,不能在一般的直流电阻箱检定装置或直流高压高阻箱的检定装置上直接测量,解决的办法是利用高压高阻电桥和二等标准电阻.     

基于Al2O3/Chitosan叠层栅介质的双栅IGZO神经形态晶体管

基于铟镓锌氧(IGZO)的双电层(EDL)晶体管以低加工温度、良好的一致性以及丰富的离子动力学等优势,在神经形态感知和计算系统中具有极大的潜在应用前景。然而,双电层IGZO晶体管的高漏电(>10 nA)导致的高能耗以及异常电流尖峰/毛刺一直是相关神经形态计算发展的主要障碍之一。本研究提出了一种具有Al2O3/壳聚糖(Chitosan)叠层栅介质的新型IGZO神经形态晶体管。与单层壳聚糖栅介质晶体管相比,引入Al2O3叠层的器件具有78.3 mV/decade的低亚阈值摆幅,在1.8 V电压下1.3 nA的低漏电流(降低约98%), 3.73 V的大滞回窗口(提升3.4倍)以及0.86 nA的低兴奋性突触后电流(降低约97%),单脉冲(0.5 V, 20 ms)功耗仅为1.7 pJ(降低约96%)。此外,研究还基于双栅EDL协同调控实现了尖峰突触功能的模拟和沟道电流的有效调制,并有效规避突触塑性模拟中高漏电导致的非正常电流尖峰/毛刺。上述结果表明,堆叠高k栅介质可以有效改善神经形态器件的漏电、功耗和性能,为进一步开发超低功耗神经形态感知和计算系统提供了新的思路。     

一种新型的有机电双稳薄膜及其极性记忆效应

报道了一种新的高稳定的有机分子(SCN)可以和铜构成具有电双稳态特性的金属有机络合物.由这种材料制成的薄膜,在室温6V电压作用下可以从高阻态转变成低阻态,其跃迁时间小于20ns,并具有极佳的热稳定性.因此可望用于制作电子器件,如一次写入存储器(WORM)等.进一步的研究还发现,在适当的工艺条件下,SCN能够与Cu和Al一起构成Cu-SCN-Al结,这种结具有极性记忆效应,即只能被单向驱动.     

高光敏性酞菁氧钛及光电器件制备工艺研究

研究了高光敏性TiOPc及其光导器件的制备工艺.研究结果表明,以邻二氯苯/水为晶型调节剂,经减压加热干燥可制得高光敏性Y-TiOPc;以Y-TiOPc为载流子产生材料,以2丁酮为分散剂,在m (TiOPc):m (PVB)=1:1时制得光电器件载流子产生层,此时充电电位V0,残余电势Vr, 表面电压衰减到一半时所需的能量 E1/2分别为720 V,20 V,072lx.s,光导器件的光电导性能最好.     

有机薄膜的场效应非线性电阻特性

本文报道一种新型的、准球形的有机分子材料TPR-1(四(吡咯-1-基-甲基)甲烷).这种有机分子含有四个吡咯基团,容易通过真空热蒸发成膜.在紫外光作用下,还可以原位交联,形成较稳定的半导体薄膜.实验中,分别用Cu或Al作为顶底电极,制作夹层器件,发现样品导电能力随外加电压变化存在明显的非线性变化特征,开关斜率比最高可达50倍,频率相应范围在50Hz～10kHz,并具有良好的重复性和稳定性.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from