意图驱动的云网融合按需编排

随着云计算与互联网技术的飞速发展,用户业务需求呈现多样化的发展趋势,云网融合成为当前信息通信产业发展的重要选择。目前,云网融合仅实现了简单的云网互联,无法解决多样化业务需求与海量异构资源供应的重重问题。因此,推动云网融合仍需加强云业务的按需交付能力。意图驱动网络作为一种新的网络范式,成为解决这一难题的可行选择。梳理了云网融合的研究现状,总结了意图驱动云网融合业务按需编排研究的必要性;提出了意图驱动的云网融合架构,并对其关键技术进行了分析,在此基础上提出了云业务按需编排模型;最后,在混合云互联和工业互联网场景下,分析了意图驱动的云业务按需编排模型,对未来进行了展望。     

对云网融合技术创新的相关思考

伴随着建设新一代信息基础设施的需求发展,如何打破传统云和网之间彼此封闭和独立的形态、构建一个云网融合的信息基础设施已经成为业界关注的焦点。基于这一趋势,从网随云动、网络云化和云能力提升3个维度探讨云网融合技术创新的要点:首先,提出网络架构应以DC为中心组网,实现多云多网对接,并提供服务化、差异化的网络保障能力;其次,要解决网元形态云化和软件化部署难题,提供云边协同、软件定义服务的能力;最后,还介绍了如何升级平台服务,面向开发者、最终用户和垂直行业进行赋能。     

云网协同时代运营商IP承载网发展

IP承载网作为Internet的重要基础设施,在云网协同发展背景下其作用越发重要.万物互联时代,IP承载网的演进逐步从以网络扩展为中心向以用户为中心转变.在对运营商IP承载网络现状分析的基础上,结合业务与技术研究,提出了基于“体验圈”的网络发展思路.“体验圈”从流量的区域汇聚特性切入,以用户体验为核心对架构进行优化,同时,对传输层以及应用层的协同提出建议.     

电信运营商云网规划数字化研究和实现

基于电信运营商数字化转型,系统性地提出了数据驱动的云网发展规划体系,以及六大关键数字化能力构建,设计和实现了一种云网规划数字化平台,该平台可用于实现目标网络精细规划、边缘计算精准预测等场景,并探讨了数字孪生在规划领域的应用前景,对运营商推进云网融合战略、推进高质量发展具有指导和参考意义。     

基于云原生技术敏捷交付云网融合应用

云网融合是通信运营商近年推动的新一代信息基础设施的核心能力,云原生技术是云网融合的基础,促成能力汇聚和业务创新。DevOps流程和工具链作为云原生的核心特征,让云网融合应用可以敏捷迭代和部署,用持续交付的高质量应用实现商业价值。以通信运营商的视角,从敏捷流程转型、敏捷交付关键技术、DevOps平台建设3方面,给出云原生环境下敏捷交付云网融合应用的思路和方案,并用DevOps平台的实际运行情况论证。     

面向云网融合的传输接入及SDN部署策略研究

云业务是运营商实现政企业务突破的关键入口,大力发展云业务驱使运营商快速提升云网一体化服务能力,提供高品质云专线。本文提出面向云网融合的传输OTN、SPN接入方案及传输网络SDN部署策略,为现阶段基于传送网的云网融合部署提供参考借鉴。     

基于随愿网络的运营商云网融合业务的研究与实现

随着云计算技术的发展和网络业务需求的增加,云网融合成为网络架构变革的必然选择。然而,云网融合时代的到来给传统网络运维带来了巨大的挑战,网络需要向更加智能和便捷的模式转变,目前被业界广泛研究的智能型通信网络——随愿网络,成为解决这一问题的最佳选择。阐述了随愿网络的发展过程、架构和关键步骤,并结合当前运营商云专网多云互联业务的现实需求,以云网融合的典型业务场景为例,分析了基于随愿网络的云网融合业务的实现过程,以期为随愿网络与云网融合业务的结合及实践提供参考。     

云网融合PCEP应用及端到端保障方案

随着云计算、大数据等新技术的蓬勃发展以及通信基础设施的不断升级,国内三大运营商均提出以智能牵引网络转型,构建集中控制,灵活编排的云网基础架构的发展战略。PCEP作为一种广泛应用于SDN架构的路径计算协议,往往应用于解决复杂网络环境跨层、跨域约束路径的计算。从探讨PCEP在云网融合场景应用的角度出发,提出了一种基于PCEP的流量端到端保障方案,可实现在本地IP环境下,面向连接的网络通信及端到端业务保障,有助于提升运营商对网络的实时感知、敏捷响应、智能分析等能力,满足通信资源可全局调度、能力可全面开放、架构可灵活调整的运维管理需求。     

基于ONAP开源架构的云网操作系统研究

云网融合是通信技术与信息技术深度融合发展的产物。在云网融合发展过程中,云网操作系统应运而生。开放网络自动化平台(open network automation platform,ONAP)是Linux网络基金会托管的开源自动化网络编排工具,基于统一的开放架构,可支持多类网络应用的运营编排。基于ONAP开源架构,针对未来云网操作系统的运营和编排需求,深入研究了设计态-运行态和闭环自动化框架,以及端到端切片用例,提出了一种系统的解决方案。该方案基于开源开放的通用架构,可针对云网融合运营需求,敏捷迭代开发高效适用的云网操作系统。     

基于云网融合的5G切片专网技术方案及应用

面对垂直行业多样化的业务需求,5G网络切片能够提供灵活、隔离、按需的服务,结合OTN、IPRAN/STN资源、云资源以及云网融合、固移融合系统能力,使客户终端、无线基站、承载、核心到内网业务平台之间通过专网隔离通道方式互通。介绍了5G端到端切片专网的架构方案和关键技术,分析新一代运营体系下切片专网自动化开通所遇到的难点并提出解决方案,助力运营商从流量经营迈向资源经营时代。     

Electromagnetic brain mapping

There has been tremendous advances in our ability to produce images of human brain function. Applications of functional brain imaging extend from improving our understanding of the basic mechanisms of cognitive processes to better characterization of pathologies that impair normal function. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) (MEG/EEG) localize neural electrical activity using noninvasive measurements of external electromagnetic signals. Among the available functional imaging techniques, MEG and EEG uniquely have temporal resolutions below 100 ms. This temporal precision allows us to explore the timing of basic neural processes at the level of cell assemblies. MEG/EEG source localization draws on a wide range of signal processing techniques including digital filtering, three-dimensional image analysis, array signal processing, image modeling and reconstruction, and, blind source separation and phase synchrony estimation. We describe the underlying models currently used in MEG/EEG source estimation and describe the various signal processing steps required to compute these sources. In particular we describe methods for computing the forward fields for known source distributions and parametric and imaging-based approaches to the inverse problem     

Airborne resistivity mapping

A brief overview is presented of the theory and techniques for mapping the electrical resistivity of surficial formations by interpreting airborne electromagnetic induction data. Although the method has not yet reached its full potential, useful information can be obtained on the thickness, the conductivity, and the depth below the surface of any conductive unconsolidated material. Practical applications of this geophysical method include the mapping of aquifers, the delineation of salt-water intrusions, and the estimation of the depth of valley fill material. The instrumentation is described and both time- and frequency-domain systems are discussed. Methods and examples of automated data interpretation are given. On the basis of the results available it is concluded that with the available equipment and using the limited methods of interpretation described, one can map the thickness of the uppermost layer (be it conductive or resistive) to a depth somewhat greater than 50 m with an accuracy of about 10-20 m     

Genus zero surface conformal mapping and its application to brain surface mapping

We developed a general method for global conformal parameterizations based on the structure of the cohomology group of holomorphic one-forms for surfaces with or without boundaries (Gu and Yau, 2002), (Gu and Yau, 2003). For genus zero surfaces, our algorithm can find a unique mapping between any two genus zero manifolds by minimizing the harmonic energy of the map. In this paper, we apply the algorithm to the cortical surface matching problem. We use a mesh structure to represent the brain surface. Further constraints are added to ensure that the conformal map is unique. Empirical tests on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data show that the mappings preserve angular relationships, are stable in MRIs acquired at different times, and are robust to differences in data triangulation, and resolution. Compared with other brain surface conformal mapping algorithms, our algorithm is more stable and has good extensibility.     

Electromagnetic cave-to-surface mapping system

This paper presents the principle, design, construction, and methodology for an electromagnetic (EM) system to be used in the detection/location and mapping of underground cavities using surface measurements. The EM instrument consists of a loop-loop transmitter/receiver system with the transmitter placed inside the cavity. The transmitter's position and depth are determined by analyzing the shape and distribution of the transmitted field on the surface. From the perspective of a cylindrical coordinate system, the vertical component of the through rock transmitted magnetic field peaks at the point where the transmitter and receiver are vertically collinear. On the other hand, the horizontal component reaches a minimum at this point. Based on these observations, a procedure is presented and tested that efficiently locates the position as well as the depth of the transmitter. A physical model for the system was developed and compared to the results of calibration experiments, with very good agreement. The model allows the study of different responses for EM waves/fields propagating through a homogenous Earth of different electrical characteristics and therefore enables several type-curves to be generated that aid in the development of an optimal system.     

International mapping of antenna-measurement facilities

This paper presents a comprehensive international mapping of antenna-measurement facilities. This initiative, conducted within the framework of the Antenna Centre of Excellence (ACE) of the European Union, is oriented toward all institutions having research, development, or operational activities in the field of antenna measurements. It has been established to provide the scientific and industrial community with an efficient means to improve and facilitate their research and development activities in the field of antennas. The mapping will constitute a new service for all potential users of antenna measurements, in particular from the wireless communication industry, to identify and contact antenna-measurement facilities. The first phase of the mapping showed a significant and encouraging reaction to this initiative, with more than 50 European facilities currently registered. The next phase aims at the integration of non-European institutions     

High-resolution mapping of infrared photoluminescence

We report preliminary results of high-resolution scanning photoluminescence (PL) experiments in the near- and mid-infrared (IR) portions of the spectrum. The samples investigated were Hg_0.7Cd_0.3Te epilayers grown on Cd_0.96Zn_0.04Te and CdTe/Si substrates used in IR detectors and focal-plane arrays. To measure mid-IR PL, we modified a commercial, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and designed a confocal microscope attachment. For near-IR PL mapping, we used a confocal microscope coupled to a grating spectrometer and a charge-couple device (CCD) camera. Diffraction-limited resolution was achieved in the near-IR setup (0.5 μm) and 22-μm resolution for the mid-IR setup.     

Body surface Laplacian ECG mapping

A new noninvasive approach has been developed to resolve spatially distributed cardiac electrical activity by measuring the surface Laplacian of the body surface potential. Computer simulations demonstrate the ability of the Laplacian map compared with the potential map to image spatially distributed dipole sources embedded in a semi-infinite volume conductor. Body surface Laplacian mapping has been implemented in human subjects utilizing dry bipolar Laplacian electrodes and compared with potential maps obtained using the central terminal of each bipolar Laplacian electrode. The body surface Laplacian ECG distribution was found to provide better spatial resolution than the body surface potential distribution. The body surface Laplacian map appears to resolve depolarization and repolarization of different regions of the heart. Further improvements of the body surface Laplacian mapping may permit noninvasive mapping of spatially distributed intracardiac events.     

Wafer mapping of ESD performance

This paper reports, for the first time, on a variation of the ESD performance of CMOS ICs across the wafer. A variation of the TLM-ESD failure threshold by as much as a factor of 4 (four) was found within a singel wafer. Comparable results were found for HBM-ESD tests. Implications of this finding for process control and ESD qualification are discussed. As main conclusion, ESD wafer mapping for process and IO libray qualification is proposed.