Self-Propagating High-Temperature Reduetive Synthesis of TiB2-Al2O3 Composite Powders

TiB2-Al2O3 composite powders were produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis（SHS） method with reductive process from B2O3-TiO2-AI system. X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） analyses show the presence of TiB2 and Al2O3 only in the composite powders produced by SHS. The powders are uniform and free-agglomerate. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and high resolution electron microscopy （HREM） observation of microstructure of the composite powders indicate that the interfaces of the TiB2-Al2O3 bond well, without any interfacial reaction products. It is proposed that the good interfacial bonding of the composite powders can be resulted from the TiB2 particles crystallizing and growing on the Al2O3 particles surface with surface defects acting as nucleation centers.     

自蔓延高温合成法（SHS）制备致密的Al_2O_3－TiC陶瓷

采用电热爆－加压法（ＥＴＥ－Ｐ）和燃烧合成制粉＋加压法（ＳＨＳ＋ＨＰ）制备了致密的Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷．研究表明，ＳＨＳＡｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＣ陶瓷的力学性能和切削性能均优于采用传统热压方法所制备的Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＣ陶瓷刀具，并对ＳＨＳＡｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＣ的的显微结构及致密化机制作了研究．     

Al2O3对3Ti/Si/2C体系自蔓延高温合成Ti3SiC2的影响

以3Ti/Si/2C粉体为原料,通过自蔓延高温合成技术合成了Ti3SiC2材料。研究了Al2O3助剂对自蔓延高温合成Ti3SiC2的影响。研究结果表明,3Ti/Si/2C粉体会发生自蔓延反应,产物的组成相为TiC、Ti3SiC2和Ti5Si3,产物中Ti3SiC2含量约为23%。添加适量的细粒度Al2O3可显著促进反应合成Ti3SiC2,3Ti/Si/2C/0.1Al2O3原料反应后得到的产物中Ti3SiC2含量达64%。     

SELF-PROPAGATING HIGH-TEMPERATURE REDUCTIVE SYNTHESIS OF TiB_2 CERAMIC POWDER

SHS method with reductive process wasused to synthesize TiB_2 ceramic powder from B_2O_3-TiO_2-Mgsystem. X-ray diffraction, SEM and Image analysis wereused to analyse microstructure of TiB_2 powder and comparewith microstructure of TiB_2 fabricated by SHS elements syn-thesis from Ti B system. The results show that TiB_2 powderfabricated by SHS reductive synthesis is finer (about 1.5μm), uniformer and free-agglomerate.     

纳米氧化铝颗粒增强铜-碳基复合材料的磨损性能

用MA技术制备了C体积分数为10%的Cu-C固溶体粉体,用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)烧结技术制备了平均尺寸为12 nm的γ-Al2O3颗粒和用SPS方法制备了纳米Al2O3颗粒增强Cu-C固溶体基复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪对MA粉体、干凝胶和煅烧粉体进行了物相分析;通过JSM-5500LV型扫描电镜对磨损表面形貌进行观察分析并分析其磨损机制;使用MG-2000型高温摩擦磨损试验机对制备的复合材料进行了干摩擦实验并测定其磨损量。结果表明:纳米氧化铝颗粒体积分数及磨损载荷对复合材料摩擦磨损特性有显著影响,纳米氧化铝的体积分数从0%增加到2%,Cu基复合材料的磨损量从6.2 mg降到2.1 mg。     

掺杂对Al_2O_3/TiAl复合材料性能的影响

本研究采用Ti-Al-TiO2-La2O3体系,通过热压烧结工艺原位合成了Al2O3/TiAl复合材料.借助X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等分析研究了材料的物相组成和微观组织结构,同时分别将掺杂La2O3和掺杂Fe2O3对合成Al2O3/TiAl复合材料微观结构和力学性能的影响进行了对比.结果表明:掺杂La2O3合成的Al2O3/TiAl复合材料基体尺寸相对掺杂Fe2O3合成产物较小,分散更加均匀,致密度更高.当La2O3掺杂量为3.93wt%时,Al2O3/TiAl复合材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最大值,分别为701.95MPa和7.79MPa·m1/2.由于稀土氧化物具有对基体和增强颗粒的净化,细化晶粒等作用,因此提高了TiAl基体与Al2O3增强颗粒结合强度,所以掺杂La2O3合成材料的力学性能相比掺杂Fe2O3合成的产物较高.     

用粉煤灰制备SiO_2-Al_2O_3气凝胶的研究

以粉煤灰为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶和常压干燥法制备Si O2-Al2O3气凝胶。采用BET、XRD、IR、SEM等实验手段,对Si O2-Al2O3气凝胶性能进行测试分析。结果表明,最终的二元Si O2-Al2O3气凝胶是由纳米颗粒组成的非晶网络和Al2O3晶体共同构成的纳米多空结构,具有高的比表面积和窄的孔径分布。该法制得的气凝胶平均孔径在9 nm左右,比表面积为115～180 m2/g,热稳定性良好。     

铸造/SHS法制备TiC-Al2O3钢基表面复合层的研究

采用Ti-C-Al-Fe2O3反应体系,结合自蔓延高温合成（SHS）和铸造两种工艺,制备TiC-Al2O3钢基复合材料.对Ti-C-Al-Fe2O3体系进行了热力学计算,并结合XRD及DSC分析,为本体系合成TiC,Al2O3提供理论依据.热力学计算表明：在1600℃的钢液引燃的SHS反应过程中,只能生成Al2O3,TiC两种产物.通过XRD分析也证明了在反应产物中只有Al2O3,TiC两种物质形成.并对本体系的动力学进行分析,结果表明,紧实率为55%～65%的预制块,反应进行的最充分,钢液的浸渗能力最强;陶瓷增强颗粒尺寸随着过量Al元素的增加而逐渐减小并且分布更均匀.     

纳米Al2O3改性PVDF超滤膜的制备及其抗污染性

为改善聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)超滤膜的水通量和抗污染性能,以无机纳米氧化铝粒子作为添加剂与PVDF共混,采用相转换法流延成膜.用接触角测定仪测得膜与水的接触角用以表征膜的亲水性的变化;用扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)观察膜的表面孔分布和断面孔的结构及纳米颗粒在膜中的分散情况;采用万能电子试验机(W-56)强度测定仪测定膜的机械性能;利用杯试超滤装置对改性膜的抗污染性能进行研究,并对污染膜上的污染物进行了气相色谱和质谱分析.结果表明,纳米Al2O3的加入量(质量百分比)为2%时,改性膜具有较好的水通量、强度和抗污染性能;纳米Al2O3的加入没有改变膜的微观结构.改性膜在保持PVDF有机膜原有特性的基础上,通过改善PVDF膜的表面亲水性而使其通量和抗污染性能得到增强.     

Synthesis of Ti3SiC2/TiB2 Composite by In-situ Hot Pressing (HP) Method

Ti3SiC2/TiB2 composite was successfully obtained by hot pressing Ti/TiC/Si/B4C power mixtures.Volume fraction of TiB2 in Ti3SiC2/TiB2 composite can not exceed 10%.Incorporation of excessive TiB2 will affect the reactions process.TiC and Ti5Si3 were two important intermediate phases during the whole reactions.The microstructure characteristics of the Ti3SiC2/TiB2 composites were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The experimental results show that the grains of Ti3SiC2/TiB2 composite are structured in a layered form,and the formation of TiB2 particles as reinforcements with elongated or equiaxed shape distributes in Ti3SiC2 matrix.     

微波内氧化法制备Al2O3/Cu复合材料

CuO—Al混合粉末微波加热至一定温度下可发生内氧化反应,用X射线衍射仪对反应后的复合粉末进行成份分析,确定CuO-Al混合粉末发生内氧化反应的最佳温度与时间。在此条件下采用常规烧结方法制备Al2O3/Cu复合材料。SEM分析表明,微波内氧化法可以有效制备Al2O3／Cu复合材料,细小的Al2O3增强相弥散分布在Al2O3／Cu复合材料中。     

Preparation and structure characteristics of nano-Bi_2O_3 powders with mixed crystal structure

1INTRODUCTION Thefivekindsofcharacteristicphasesof Bi2O3areα ,β ,γ ,δ ,andω phases.Among them,themonoclinicα phaseandcubicδ phaseare alow temperaturestablephaseandahigh temper aturestablephase,respectively.Theothersare metastablephasesathightemperature[13].Each phaseobtainsadistinctcrystalstructureandsome physicalproperties(electrical,optical,photoelec trical,etc.).Forexample,at300K,thebandgap ofmonoclinicα Bi2O3is2.85eV,whilethatoftet ragonalβ phaseis2.58eV[4].Owingtothepe…     

烧结温度和成分对Al_2O_3-TiC复合材料力学性能影响

以α-Al2O3粉、TiC粉为原料,采用热压烧结工艺制备了Al2O3-TiC复合材料,系统研究了烧结温度以及成分对Al2O3-TiC复合材料的组织结构和力学性能的影响规律.结果表明:α-Al2O3与TiC间没有发生化学反应,两相间具有很好的化学相容性.TiC的引入有利于提高Al2O3-TiC复合材料的力学性能.1 600℃热压烧结的Al2O3-20%TiC复合材料具有最佳的力学性能,其抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别达到509.45 MPa和5.27 MPa·m1/2,复合材料的断裂方式主要是沿晶断裂,同时伴有穿晶断裂.     

Processing technique and sliding friction and wear behavior of TiB2／ZA27 composite

In-situ TiB2 particles reinforced ZA27 composite was prepared by the stir-casting technique and a twostep method. TiB2/Al composite was produced by incorporating K2 TiF6, KBF4 salts and other agents into Al melt. As a master alloy, TiB2/Al composite was used to manufacture TiB2/ZA27 composite, which results in the generation of well-distributed reinforcing TiB2 phase. The hardness, friction and wear behavior of TiB2/ZA27 composite were investigated. The results show that the hardness of the composite is enhanced with increasing the content of TiB2 particles, the incorporation of TiB2 reduces the wear rate of TiB2/ZA27 composite and improves the friction property under lubricated and dry sliding friction conditions. The worn track width of ZA27 alloy is 1.6 and 2.5 times as long as that of 2.1%TiB2/ZA27 composite at 150 N and 700 N load under lubricated conditions, which indicates that TiB2/ZA27 composite possesses higher bearing ability.     

Ti-C-Al-Fe2O3体系原位合成钢基复合材料组织与形貌研究

采用Ti-C-Al-Fe2O3反应体系,结合铸造和自蔓延高温合成（SHS）两种工艺,在湿砂型中浇注高温熔融的钢水,引燃SHS压块,从而发生自蔓延高温合成反应,生成了高硬度的陶瓷相TiC、Al2O3.通过改变Ti-C-Al-Fe2O3体系组分配比,探讨了体系在金属液内SHS反应对原位内生TiC、Al2O3尺寸与分布的影响.结果表明,随着过量Al元素的增加,陶瓷增强颗粒尺寸逐渐减小且分布更均匀;稀土CeO2加入量的增加,增强区更加致密,稀土CeO2添加剂含量为0.8%时制备的复合材料中原位形成的Al2O3、TiC颗粒尺寸较小,分布均匀.     

Effect of nucleating agents on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glass-ceramics

SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glasses with different nucleating agents were crystallized under special processing schedule. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the glass-ceramics in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and three-point bending method. The results show that ZrO2 is not an effective nucleating agent in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system, while TiO2 is effective for the separation of spinel, and P2O5 facilitates solubility of ZrO2 in glass and crystallization. The main crystalline phases of the glass-ceramics are spinel, anorthite and tetragonal zirconia. With the increase of ZrO2 content in the glass, glass-ceramics show higher bending strength （120 MPa） than others.     

Pressureless infiltration of Si3N4 preforms with an Al-2wt%Mg alloy

The pressureless infiltration process to synthesize a silicon nitride composite was investigated. An Al-2wt%Mg alloy was infiltrated into silicon nitride preforms in the atmosphere of nitrogen. It is possible to infiltrate the Al-2wt%Mg alloy in silicon nitride preforms, The growth of the composite with useful thickness was facilitated by the presence of magnesium powder at the interface and by flowing nitrogen. The microstructure of the Si3N4-Al composite has been characterized using scanning electron microscope. During the infiltration of Si3N4 preforms, Si3N4 reacted with aluminium to form silicon and AIN. The silicon produced during the growth consumed in the formation of MgSiAIO, MgSiAlN and Al3.27Si0.47 type phases. The growth of the composite was found to proceed in two ways, depending on the oxide content in the initial preforms, First, less oxide content preforms gave rise to MgAlSiO and MgAlSiN type phases after infiltration. Second, more oxide content preforms gave rise to AlN-Al2O3 solid solution phase （AlON）, The AlON phase was only present in the composite, containing 10% aluminium in the silicon nitride preforms before infiltration.     

反应物配比对液相合成Al2O3-SiO2-CaF2系玻璃粉体特性的影响

选用AlCl3、Na2SiO3、CaCl2和NaF作为初始反应物,采用液相沉淀法合成了Al2O3-SiO2-CaF2系玻璃粉体;通过XRD、EDAX和TEM等,分析了反应物配比对液相合成Al2O3-SiO2-CaF2系玻璃粉体特性的影响.结果表明,反应物配比对粉体的形貌、尺寸、结晶状态及所含的化学元素均无影响,而对元素的相对含量有明显的影响.各粉体均含有不同比例的O、F、Al、Si、Ca元素,且均为非晶态的近球形纳米颗粒,粒子直径大约在30~70 nm范围.     

THE GROWTH MECHANISM OF Al_2O_3/Al COMPOS-ITES BY DIRECTED OXIDATION OF MOLTEN METALS

The process of the directed oxidiation of al-loy Al-1%Mg-7%Si was invertigated by X-Ray diffraction(XRD),optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS),which in-cluded evolution of the surface of the melt in the incubationperiod,nucleation of Al_2O_3/metal composite and microstruc-ture of Lanxide material its growth front.Some new resultsabout the mechanism of the for mation of Al_2O_3 are involved.     

反应热喷涂法制备陶瓷涂层的研究

首先通过差热-失重分析和XRD测试手段对反应热喷涂Al＋TiO2＋H3BO3混合粉体以制备Al2O3/TiB2复合陶瓷涂层的可行性进行了分析.然后对喷涂后试样涂层的耐磨性进行了研究.结果表明：Al＋TiO2＋H3BO3混合粉体差热-失重分析和在1200℃烧结后XRD测试分析均表明完全可以反应生成所需的Al2O3/TiB2复合陶瓷涂层.所制备陶瓷涂层的耐磨性要比基体提高1倍左右.