Immunological and electron microscope characteristics of peripheral blood lymphocytes in myeloma disease

B-lymphocytes of peripheral blood were examined with cytochemical, immunological and electron-microscopic methods in 18 patients with myeloma. The results made it possible to divide all patients into 3 groups distinguishing by cytomorphology of peripheral blood lymphocytes, expression of surface and cytoplasmic immunoglobulins and determination on the surface membrane of receptors to Fc-fragments of IgG and IgM and C3-component of the complement. Data revealed clonal character of B-lymphocytes.     

δ—氨基酮戊酸—光动力疗法对红斑狼疮患者外周血中激活T淋巴细胞的影响

本文探讨了δ-氨基酮戊酸—光动力疗法 (ALA -PDT)对活动期红斑狼疮 (SLE)患者外周血中激活T淋巴细胞的影响。实验采用免疫荧光单标记—流式细胞仪检测 12例活动期SLE患者外周血中CD71阳性淋巴细胞百分比 ,观察其在ALA -PDT前后的变化。发现ALA -PDT能显著降低CD71阳性淋巴细胞百分比 ,ALA -PDT前CD71阳性细胞百分比为 12 31±1 40 ,ALA -PDT后继续培养 18小时下降至 6 5 9± 0 95 ,有非常显著的差异 (P <0 0 1)。本试验证实ALA -PDT能降低活动期SLE外周血中激活T淋巴细胞百分比 ,即可能抑制活动期SLE外周血中激活的T淋巴细胞的活性     

人外周血淋巴细胞体外刺激活化的原子力显微镜研究

本文利用原子力显微镜,对分离的人外周血淋巴细胞和经多克隆刺激剂佛波醇酯(PDB)和离子霉素(Ion)刺激活化的淋巴细胞形态和膜表面超微结构的形态学变化进行了研究。结果表明:淋巴细胞在受刺激后形貌发生明显变化,尺寸变大,同时细胞表面超微结构也趋复杂,出现免疫突触。这些形态变化是与淋巴细胞的功能相适应的,AFM是研究淋巴细胞形态学变化和细胞结构功能之间关系的有力工具。     

Production of interleukin-2 by peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with soft tissue sarcomas

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) production of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) was studied in 9 healthy subjects and 19 patients with soft tissue sarcomas. Mean IL-2 production by PBL in 19 patients was significantly diminished as compared with the control. Surgery leads to an increase of IL-2 production, however, the levels observed in the control do not restore completely.     

SNOM结合量子点标记进行T淋巴细胞体外刺激活化的研究

本文用扫描近场光学显微实验平台（SNOM），结合量子点（QDs）免疫荧光标记技术，对人外周血T淋巴细胞用多克隆刺激剂佛波醇酯（PDB）＋Ionomycin体外活化后，进行细胞表面形貌和CD69分子的表达成像研究。结果表明：T淋巴细胞在多克隆刺激剂活化后，不仅表面形貌增高增大，边缘向四周铺展下塌，而且细胞表面的CD69分子表达迅速增加，并向边缘下塌的局部区域聚集，将其作为T细胞活化的表征和监测指标具有无损、灵敏度高、响应速度快等优点。     

Effect of sialadenectomy on hepatic carcinogenesis in rats induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine

It is established that sialadenectomy leads to inhibition of hepatocarcinogenesis induced in adult rats by diethylnitrosamine, which is confirmed by a decrease in the incidence of tumours, their delayed growth and an increase of longevity. But sialadenectomy 2 weeks after the beginning of carcinogen treatment has no effect on the hepatocarcinogenesis. A significant molecular heterogeneity of the epidermal growth factor-competing activity is observed in acid-ethanol extracts of the liver tumour of the sialadenectomized rats.     

A chronobiological analysis of the lymphocyte dehydrogenase activity in the peripheral blood of rats with Walker 256 carcinosarcoma

In a series of experiments the alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities were daily determined simultaneously by the cytochemical method in peripheral blood lymphocytes of normal rats and those with the Walker carcinosarcoma. Using an original algorithm a hierarchy of biorhythms was singled out by a computer according to individual changes in the dehydrogenase activity for each rat. The mean level of succinate dehydrogenase activity was higher than that of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. A set of discovered biorhythms and their representation were identical in the both enzymes. The tumor transplantation caused changes in the phase coordination of investigated dehydrogenases in all rhythms and promoted an increase of the succinate dehydrogenase amplitude as compared with the alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase amplitude in certain rhythms. It is concluded that biorhythmological parameters of these enzymes may be used for characterization of the tumor-bearing host.     

Modifying effects of changes connected with pregnancy on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis in rats

The modifying effect of pregnancy and lactation on carcinogenesis induced by single injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine to female rats 30 days before mating has been studied. The total incidence of malignant tumours in rats with pseudopregnancy, single pregnancy, pregnancy and lactation, repeated pregnancies was lower in comparison with virgin animals (75, 44, 68, 59 and 93%, respectively). Colon adenocarcinoma incidence in rats with single pregnancy or repeated pregnancies was lower than that in virgin rats (42, 49 and 76%, respectively). Protective effect was observed mainly in descending colon. The mesenchymal kidney tumours were not developed at all in rats with single pregnancy. In virgin animals it was 31%. The inhibition of tumour incidence in the liver (cholangioma, cholangiocellular carcinoma) was observed in rats with single pregnancy or pregnancy and lactation in comparison with virgin control (3, 5 and 24%, respectively).     

Ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine contents in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis of the intestines in rats

The ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and concentration of polyamines have been studied in small and large intestine during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced carcinogenesis in rats. Changes in the polyamine biosynthesis consisting both in enhanced ODC activity and an increase of the intracellular content of putrescine, spermidine and spermine. Process of the polyamine synthesis activation proceeds in two phases: the most expressed and similar changes in polyamine metabolism factors have been observed at early (the 1st month) and late (the 5th-6th months) stages of carcinogenesis. It is supposed that intensification of the polyamine synthesis is a typical feature of malignization in the gastrointestinal tract.     

He-Ne激光照射转胎对外周淋巴细胞微核出现率的影响

我们对应用He-Ne激光照射至明穴转胎的孕妇及其婴幼儿作外周淋巴细胞微核出现率检测，以探讨He-Ne激光照射对人类染色体损伤的可能性。     

The role of the components of the cyclic nucleotide system in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatic carcinogenesis in rats

The content of cyclic nucleotides and activity cAMP- and cGMP-dependent PDE-ases have been studied in the rat liver and activity of NaF stimulated adenylate cyclase was studied in plasma membranes of the rat liver at late stages (2-5.5 months) of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by NDEA. A considerable decrease in the basal adenylate cyclase activity and NaF stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in plasma membranes of hepatomas in comparison with norm has been observed. During the hepatocarcinogenesis it was observed a decrease in the cAMP/cGMP ratio, an increase of the cAMP-dependent PDE-ase and a decrease in activity of cGMP-dependent PDE-ase in the rat hepatomas have been found.     

Surface phenotype and suppressor function of the blood lymphocytes in multiple myeloma

Surface phenotype of peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied in 18 patients with myeloma by combined rosette-forming and immunofluorescent methods. A high content of B lymphocytes with the identical type of immunoglobulin, and a decreased level of T lymphocytes were revealed. The increased activity of spontaneous and Con A-induced suppressor activity and cytochemical changes of some intracellular hydrolytic enzymes were found in lymphocytes of patients with myeloma.     

Changes in the content of pepsinogen messenger RNA in the gastric mucosa of rats during N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced carcinogenesis

Pepsinogen mRNA is shown to be the major fraction of rat poly (A)+RNA. It codes polypeptide with molecular weight of about 45 kD. Changes in the pepsinogen mRNA content at the early stage of carcinogenesis are nonspecific and are due to the toxic effect of MNNG. Steady shifts in the quantity of pepsinogen mRNA are found between the 1st and 3d months. Pepsinogen mRNA content decreases down to the half of the normal one between the 3d and 6th months. A quantity of RNA capable to be a template for pepsinogen synthesis is reduced by more than 90% in the MNNG induced tumour. The pepsinogen production defect in gastric mucosa neoplasia is mainly due to pepsinogen mRNA synthesis damage.     

红外线照射对大鼠血脂和小鼠血糖水平的影响

为了研究红外线照射对高血脂和高血糖的作用机制,采用建立高血脂和高血糖模型的方法,对红外线照射治疗后大鼠血脂水平、小鼠血糖水平和血清超氧化物歧化酶活力、丙二醛浓度等指标进行了对比分析。结果表明,红外线照射能降低总胆固醇浓度(P0.01),能降低血糖浓度并恢复到正常水平(P0.05),对高血脂大鼠和高血糖小鼠的自由基有一定影响,具有增强超氧化物歧化酶活力、降低丙二醛浓度的作用,但对正常小鼠自由基未产生明显影响。这表明红外线照射治疗对高血脂和高血糖等疾病有良好的治疗效果和预防作用。     

Changes in the epidermal growth factor receptors in the liver cells of rats in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatic carcinogenesis

A sharp decrease in the number of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGF-R) in the rat liver plasma membranes had been found at different stages of diethylnitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis. The complete loss of high-affinity binding sites for EGF did not prevent EGF-dependent autophosphorylation of EGF-R. Hepatocytes from the rat liver tumors in the primary culture had two classes of EGF-R: high and low affinity ones, though their number had been twice less than in the normal hepatocytes. The dynamics of internalization and down-regulation of EGF-R was very similar in the primary culture of transformed and normal hepatocytes. It testifies that there are some factors of microenvironment in the liver during carcinogenesis which cause the loss of EGF-R (down-regulation) and a decrease of their affinity (activation of protein kinase C). A possible autocrine or paracrine nature of these factors is discussed.     

Effects of recombinant interleukin-2 on several characteristics of functional activity of lymphocytes from the lymph nodes regional to tumor and mononuclear cells of peripheral blood in cancer patients

The level of endogenous production of IL-2 by lymphocytes of lymph nodes regional to tumour and by mononuclear cells of peripheral blood, proliferative response of these cell to recombinant IL-2, as well as a modifying influence of autologous serum and actively proliferating bioptats of autologous tumours on enumerated parameters have been studied in cancer patients (tumours of the head and neck and locomotor system). Regional IL-2-dependent immunotherapy of malignant tumors with obligatory preliminary testing for individual sensitivity of the tumor bioptat to the influence of the RIL-2 and RIL-2 activated lymphocytes is shown to be promising.     

Electrophoretic heterogeneity of peripheral blood granulocytes in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

The peripheral blood leukocytes in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients and healthy donors are separated on ficoll-verografin one-step gradients with 1.077 g/ml density. It is shown that 95-98% of donor granulocytes had the density above 1.077 g/ml. Granulocytes of CML patients consisted of two populations having the density above and below 1.077 g/ml (high density granulocytes-HDG, low density granulocytes-LDG). The electrophoretic mobility (EPM) of LDG is 8-34% higher than that of HDG. As a result of EPM definition of granulocytes affected by hyaluronidase, neuraminidase and RNase it is shown that the high EPM of LDG is due to an increase in the density of sialic acids on their surface.     

Effect of ethanol on N-nitrososarcosine ethyl ester-induced carcinogenesis in the esophageal and forestomach mucosa of mongrel rats

Administration of N-nitrososarcosine ethyl ether (50 mg/kg, per os, every day during 4 months) to rats induced after 8 months multiple tumours (most often papillomas) of oesophagus and forestomach. Total incidence of tumour-bearing animals was 42.4% in oesophagus and 21.2% in forestomach, distribution of tumours being 85.6 and 14.4%, respectively. The combined administration of carcinogen with 40% water solution of ethanol (0.5 ml, per os, every day during 8 months) did not change general incidence and multiplicity of all tumours, but decreased the relative incidence of oesophagus tumours and increased that of forestomach tumours. Possible mechanisms of organotropism shifts are discussed.     

Changes in the supramolecular structure of chromatin and pepsinogen synthesis in the gastric mucosa of rats undergoing N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced carcinogenesis

A model of gastric tumour induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in rats made it possible to detect essential alterations of chromatin-DNA-protein complexes, that is a weakening of the DNA-protein linkage. The changes appear at early stages of carcinogenesis and persist in induced adenocarcinomas of the stomach. Simultaneously an inhibition was established in pepsinogen synthesis during MNNG carcinogenesis, which reflects a damage in expression of functionally important genetic information. This fact shows a molecular-genetic connection between the process of the gastric mucosa malignization and a disturbance of physiologically important tissue-specific gene functions.     

SOD模型配合物对过量摄氟大鼠牙釉损伤保护作用的扫描电镜观察

慢性氟中毒是一种影响多种器官的全身性疾病 ,牙釉质病变是其主要特征之一。近年来随着人们对疾病与体内自由基关系的深入了解 ,开始从氧化损伤角度重视自由基与氟中毒的关系。本实验应用扫描电子显微镜 ,观察了过量摄氟对大鼠牙釉质的破坏及超氧化物岐化酶 (ｓｕｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅｄｉｓｍｕｔａｓｅ ,ＳＯＤ)的模型配合物 (ＭｏｄｅｌＳＯＤ ,ＭＳＯＤ)络合铜对其拮抗和保护作用 ,为合理、全面地防治氟斑牙的发病提供形态学依据。1 .材料与方法试剂和仪器 :ＳＯＤ模型配合物络合铜由华中师大化学系提供 ;氟化钠系北京化学试剂厂生产 ;日立…