一种FDD大规模MIMO系统下行信道估计算法

信道估计是大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的关键技术之一。本文针对频分双工(FDD)大规模MIMO正交频分复用(OFDM)系统,研究了下行信道估计问题。通过利用大规模MIMO-OFDM信道在角度-频域中的块稀疏特性,提出了基于块匹配追踪的低复杂度估计算法。另外,针对采用时域正交导频存在估计周期过长,有可能超过系统相干时间的问题,提出了天线分组发送方案,通过牺牲观测数据长度来换取信道估计周期的减少。仿真结果表明,所提算法具有良好的抗噪性能,可以准确找出稀疏向量的非零值位置,并可自适应确定稀疏度。     

Compressed sensing channel estimation for STBC‐SM based hybrid MIMO‐OFDM system for visible light communication

This paper presents the idea of sparse channel estimation using compressed sensing (CS) method for space–time block coding (STBC), and spatially multiplexing (SM) derived hybrid multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) Asymmetrically clipped optical‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (ACO‐OFDM) optical wireless communication system. This hybrid system accounts multiplexing gain of SM and diversity gain of STBC technique. We present a new variant of sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (SaMP) algorithm called dynamic step‐size SaMP (DSS‐SaMP) algorithm. It makes use of the inherent and implicit structure of SaMP, along with dynamic adaptivity of step‐size feature which is compatible with the energy of the input signal, thus the name dynamic step size. Existing CS‐based recovery algorithms like orthogonal matching pursuit, SaMP, adaptive step‐size SaMP, and proposed DSS‐SaMP were compared for hybrid MIMO‐ACO‐OFDM visible light communication system. The performance analysis is demonstrated through simulation results with respect to bit error rate, symbol error rate, mean square error, computational complexity, and peak‐to‐average power ratio. Simulation results show that the proposed technique gives improved performance and lesser computational complexity in comparison with conventional estimation algorithms.     

一种降低复杂度的压缩感知水声信道估计方法

针对浅海的水声信道稀疏特性,提出了一种降低复杂度的前向回溯正交匹配追踪(RC-LABOMP)信道估计方法。首先计算正交匹配追踪和子空间追踪信道估计算法的两类支撑集,接着根据两类支撑集的交集和并集,预处理先验信息,最后利用先验信息完成前向回溯正交匹配追踪信道估计。该算法经过先验信息的预处理,能够减少原LABOMP算法的迭代次数,同时缩小原子的索引范围,因此能够显著降低原LABOMP算法的计算复杂度。此外,将提出的算法与水声Turbo均衡系统相结合,更适用于水声通信系统。仿真结果表明,所提算法在随机信道和水声信道条件下,具有估计精度高、误码率低的特点,同时能够显著降低LABOMP算法的计算复杂度,是一种适用于浅海水声信道的有效估计方法。     

毫米波MIMO系统中基于正交码本的模数混合预编码算法

由于毫米波混频器件的高成本和高功耗,传统MIMO系统的数字预编码技术面临硬件复杂度过高的缺点,因而模数混合预编码吸引了学术界和工业界的广泛关注.基于此,提出了一种基于正交码本的模数混合预编码算法,该算法利用模拟波束成形码本的正交性,并行地设计各个射频链路的波束成形向量,显著降低了传统混合预编码设计中正交匹配追踪算法的计算复杂度,从而降低了硬件实现的复杂度.     

宽带毫米波大规模MIMO系统中低复杂度波束域信道估计

针对宽带毫米波大规模MIMO系统信道估计精度低及实现复杂度较高的问题，在传统支撑检测方案的基础上提出一种基于Gauss-Seidel方法的串行支撑检测（GS-SSD）方案。该方案不使用共同支撑假设，参考串行干扰删除，将整体信道估计问题分解为一系列子问题，每个子问题仅考虑一个信道成分。同时，利用Gauss-Seidel方法近似高复杂度的矩阵求逆。仿真结果表明，相比于基于串行支撑检测（SSD）的方案， GS-SSD方案在将求逆复乘数降低一个数量级的同时可以取得接近SSD方案的信道估计性能。     

采用残差变化控制的自适应稀疏信道估计

针对传统压缩感知信道估计对稀疏度信息依赖和稀疏度自适应信道估计在低信噪比时抗噪能力较差的问题,提出了一种采用残差变化控制的稀疏度自适应的压缩感知信道估计算法。该算法在传统的压缩感知信道估计的基础上引入残差变化控制,通过比较每次迭代下的残差变化的幅度来控制信道估计的迭代次数,提高信道估计的自适应性和鲁棒性。同时,为解决传统稀疏度自适应压缩感知信道估计抗噪能力较差的问题,利用正交匹配追踪提高算法的抗噪声性能。相比于传统的稀疏度自适应匹配追踪(Sparsity Adaptive Matching Pursuit, SAMP)算法,所提算法约有4 dB的性能优势,且算法复杂度更低。     

广义空间调制系统的低复杂度检测算法

针对广义空间调制( GSM)系统接收端最大似然( ML)检测算法计算复杂度极高的缺点,提出了一种基于压缩感知( CS)信号重构理论的低复杂度信号检测算法。首先,在多输入多输出( MI-MO)信道模型下,通过改进正交匹配追踪( OMP)算法,得到一个激活天线索引备选集;然后,利用ML算法在该备选集中进行遍历搜索,检测出激活天线索引和星座调制符号。仿真结果表明所提算法的检测性能接近于ML算法,且复杂度约为ML算法的2%。因此,所提算法在保证检测性能的同时也大大降低了计算复杂度,实现了检测性能与复杂度之间的平衡。     

基于毫米波通信的混合MIMO系统的信道估计

作为5G的一项关键技术,毫米波通信要求提出专有的信道估计和预编码算法,为此,针对毫米波MIMO系统的窄带平坦衰落信道研究下行信道估计方案.由于毫米波系统的稀疏特性,将稀疏多径信道的信道估计转化为稀疏信号的重建,基于压缩感知设计适用于毫米波通信系统的信道估计方案,深入研究了正交匹配追踪算法.仿真结果显示,它可以高概率地恢复信号,与传统的最小二乘法比较,能获得更好的信道估计性能.     

基于优化BM3D的毫米波大规模MIMO信道估计

针对毫米波大规模多入多出系统在射频链路数量有限时,波束域信道估计是一个有挑战性的问题,提出一种基于优化BM3D的信道估计方案。利用基于三维透镜的多入多出系统信道矩阵可被视为二维自然图像的结构特性,将图像重构技术融入信道估计。BM3D 是目前最精确的图像去噪算法之一,通过块匹配实现分组,利用三维变换域的收缩完成协同滤波。考虑信道的稀疏特性和路径的聚类特性,对BM3D算法进一步优化以提高性能。仿真结果表明,提出的优化BM3D方案在所有考虑的信噪比区域均能取得令人满意的信道估计精度。     

RIS辅助无线系统中基于压缩感知的稀疏度自适应级联信道估计方法研究

为了解决可重构智能超表面（Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface,RIS）辅助无线通信系统中级联信道的估计问题,本文提出了一种基于压缩感知（Compressive Sensing,CS）的自适应双结构稀疏正交匹配追踪算法（Adaptive Double-Structured Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,ADS-OMP）。已有的双结构稀疏正交匹配追踪算法（DoubleStructured Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,DS-OMP）利用级联信道的双结构稀疏特性即行稀疏特性和列稀疏特性来提高算法估计性能,但需要已知相关信道稀疏度信息。本文提出的ADS-OMP算法在现有的DS-OMP算法基础上设计合理的判决准则和迭代阈值来估计相关稀疏度,从而能在角域级联信道的行稀疏度和列稀疏度均未知的情况下完成级联信道估计,有效克服了现有DS-OMP算法对相关信道稀疏度的依赖,算法实用性更强。仿真结果表明,本文提出的ADS-OMP算法和已有DS-OMP算法估计性能一致,算法复杂度在同一数量级上,前者复杂度略微提升。     

基于透镜天线阵的毫米波系统波束选择研究

透镜天线阵列下毫米波大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)系统通过波束选择可以大大减少所需的射频链数目,解决系统硬件成本和能耗过高的问题,然而,波束选择需要基站端获取准确的信道状态信息.对此,文章首先利用波束空间的结构特性,采用基于支持检测(SD)的信道估计方案,以较低的导频开销和计算复杂度对大尺寸信道进行更加可靠的估计;其次...     

毫米波大规模MIMO系统中低复杂度混合预编码方法

针对毫米波大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)系统混合预编码方案设计的难点,提出了一种低复杂度混合预编码方法。首先基于奇异值分解,构造初始射频(RF)预编码矩阵,然后构造数字预编码矩阵。进而将残差矩阵最大左奇异矢量构造的矢量添加到RF矩阵的最后一列,以更新初始RF矩阵。经过多次迭代,从而形成最终RF预编码矩阵。最后基于最小二乘准则设计数字预编码矩阵。理论分析和仿真结果表明,相比于基于正交匹配追踪(OMP)算法的混合预编码设计方法,该方法在计算复杂度大幅下降的同时,其性能远远优于基于OMP算法的混合预编码方法,同时在数据流数相对较小时,其性能接近最优的全数字预编码设计方法。     

Space-time channel estimation and performance analysis for wireless MIMO-OFDM systems with spatial correlation

This paper treats channel estimation in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with correlation at the receive antenna array. A two-step channel estimation algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the iterative quadrature maximum likelihood based time delay and spatial signature estimation is presented by utilizing special training signals with a cyclic structure. The receive spatial correlation matrix of the vector valued channel impulse response is formulated as a function of the spatial signature, the time delay, and the pulse shaping filter. The joint spatio-temporal (JST) filtering based minimum mean squared error channel estimator is derived by virtue of the spatial correlation. In addition, the effect of channel estimation errors on the bit error probability performance of the space-time block coded OFDM system over correlated MIMO channels is derived. The Cramer-Rao lower bound on the time delay estimate is provided for a benchmark of the performance comparison. The performance of proposed algorithms is illustrated based on analysis and computer simulations. The JST channel estimator achieves significant gains in the mean squared error compared to the temporal filtering. It also enables remarkable savings in the pilot symbol power level.     

面向毫米波透镜阵列的FNN天线选择算法

为了减少毫米波大规模多输入多输出( Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)系统在数据传输过程中所使用的射频链数目,解决高硬件成本和高功耗的问题,可以将透镜天线阵列作为一个实际有效的解决方案部署在毫米波MIMO系统的基站端.利用透镜天线阵列具有基于方向的能量聚焦特性,对透镜阵列进行天线选...     

5G毫米波信道估计研究综述

信道估计是大规模多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)毫米波(Millimeter Wave,mmWave)系统关键技术之一.梳理了近几年大规模MIMO毫米波的信道估计策略,重点从压缩感知(Compressive Sensing,CS)、参数估计和深度学习三个方面进行了描...     

基于压缩感知的大规模MIMO信道估计与反馈

针对大规模 MIMO系统信道估计精度低及反馈方案较为复杂的问题,在差分信道估计及反馈方案上提出了一种基于系数相关性的压缩采样匹配追踪（BCC-CoSAMP）算法。该算法将CoSAMP算法中衡量两个向量之间关系的内积替换为基于相关系数的向量关系判定,从而较快地选出与原始信号相关性强的原子,达到提高信道估计精度的目的。仿真结果表明,与CoSAMP算法相比,所提出的BCC-CoSAMP算法在低信噪比情况下,信道估计精度平均有5 dB的提高,同时能平均提高系统总速率1.25 bit/(s.Hz)。     

基于压缩感知的信道反馈重构

在大规模多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)系统中,基于压缩感知技术(Compressed Sensing,CS)开发高效的信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI) 反馈方案是现在研究的热点。针对现有的基于CS的信道反馈重构算法——正交匹配追踪(Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,OMP)算法存在重构时间长、数据量大可能会无法适用的不足,提出了一种改进的OMP算法,即广义正交匹配追踪(Generalized OMP,GOMP)算法对CSI进行高效重构。仿真结果表明,GOMP算法在重构精确度上高于OMP算法,特别是在较低的压缩比下优势更为突出;而且由于迭代次数减少,需要的重构时间也显著减少。     

压缩采样匹配追踪在水声MIMO-OFDM信道估计的应用

针对水声MIMO-OFDM系统,利用水声多径信道冲激响应的稀疏特性,提出一种基于压缩采样匹配追踪 (Compressive Sampling Matching Pursuit, CoSaMP)的信道估计方法。该算法首先利用观测矩阵构建一个向量代替信道,然后采用匹配追踪思想确定这个向量的非零抽头系数位置,最后利用最小二乘法对非零抽头系数进行估计,通过对该向量的估计实现信道响应的估计。与传统最小二乘法（least square, LS）相比,信道估计性能得到很大的提高,与正交匹配追踪（Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,OMP)相比,提高信道估计性能的同时,降低了计算复杂度。通过仿真分析,不但验证了该算法的有效性,还比较了该算法在不同通信系统中的信道估计性能。      

Efficient compressive sensing based sparse channel estimation for 5G massive MIMO systems

Massive MIMO (multiple-input-multiple-output) is one of the key technologies of 5G mobile cellular networks, which can form a huge antenna array by providing a large number of antennas at the cell base station. It will greatly improve the channel capacity and spectrum utilization and has become a hotspot in the field of wireless communications in recent years. Aiming at the high complexity of channel estimation algorithm for massive MIMO system, a sparse channel estimation algorithm with low complexity is proposed based on the inherent sparsity of wireless communication channel. The algorithm separates the channel taps from the noise space on the basis of the traditional discrete Fourier transform (DFT) channel estimation, so that the channel estimation only needs to calculate the part of the channel tap, so the computational complexity of the algorithm is greatly reduced. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve near minimum mean square error (MMSE) performance while maintaining low complexity. Moreover, the Bit Error Rate and Inter-Cell Interference also indicates that the proposed improved algorithm shows better overall performance than the conventional algorithms which makes it suitable from practical perspective.     

A novel threshold based compressed channel sensing in OFDM system

High speed data transmission for wireless communication in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system requires effective channel state information (CSI). CSI should be precisely estimated with low consumption of spectral resources and acceptable computational cost. To realize this goal, an effective compressed sensing (CS) based channel estimation scheme is proposed for sparse channels with large delay spreads, without prior knowledge of channel statistics and noise standard deviation. By fully considering the rank of the measurement matrix, a novel algorithm based on orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) and least squares (LS) methods with a new threshold is proposed for effective channel estimation. Simulation results show that with fewer number of pilots, the proposed method outperforms the compared existing channel estimation methods in a comprehensive way and approaches the optimal channel estimation performance.