Metal Oxides for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

The incessant demand for energy forces us to seek it from sustainable resources; and concerns on environment demands that resources should be clean as well. Metal oxide semiconductors, which are stable and environment friendly materials, are used in photovoltaics either as photoelectrode in dye solar cells (DSCs) or to build metal oxide p – n junctions. Progress made in utilization of metal oxides for photoelectrode in DSC is reviewed in this article. Basic operational principle and factors that control the photoconversion efficiency of DSC are briefly outlined. The d -block binary metal oxides viz. TiO₂, ZnO, and Nb₂O₅ are the best candidates as photoelectrode due to the dissimilarity in orbitals constituting their conduction band and valence band. This dissimilarity decreases the probability of charge recombination and enhances the carrier lifetime in these materials. Ternary metal oxide such as Zn₂SnO₄ could also be a promising material for photovoltaic application. Various morphologies such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, and nanofibers have been explored to enhance the energy conversion efficiency of DSCs. The TiO₂ served as a model system to study the properties and factors that control the photoconversion efficiency of DSCs; therefore, such discussion is limited to TiO₂ in this article. The electron transport occurs through nanocrystalline TiO₂ through trapping and detrapping events; however, exact nature of these trap states are not thoroughly quantified. Research efforts are required not only to quantify the trap states in mesoporous metal oxides but new mesoporous architectures also to increase the conversion efficiency of metal oxide-based photovoltaics.     

染料敏化纳米晶体TiO2太阳能电池的对电极结构

通过对染料敏化纳米晶体TiO2太阳能电池的对电极的结构进行改进，设计了一种可大容量储存电解质和补充电解质的新型对电极结构．当染料敏化纳米晶体TiO2太阳能电池因液态电解质挥发泄漏而失效时，可以对其进行液态电解质的及时补充，从而使失效的染料敏化纳米晶体TiO2太阳能电池重新恢复工作．该新型对电极结构为解决染料敏化纳米晶体TiO2太阳能电池由于液态电解质泄漏导致的寿命降低问题提供了一种新的解决方法．     

纤维状染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极的研究进展

文章主要简单介绍了染料敏化太阳能电池的基本结构和工作原理,着重阐述了以金属纤维、导电光纤、碳纤维以及复合纤维作为纤维状染料敏化太阳能电池(Fiber-shaped Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells,FDSSCs)光阳极基底的研究现状;最后对FDSSCs光阳极基底的未来的发展和研究方向进行了展望。     

染料敏化太阳电池TiO2光阳极研究进展

纳米TiO2是目前性能最为优良的染料敏化太阳电池(DSSC)光阳极材料。文章系统综述了优化纳米TiO2光阳极的染料吸附、电子传输、再生染料等性能的技术和方法,主要包括纳米TiO2光阳极薄膜微结构的调控、TiO2光阳极的离子/元素掺杂、TiO2光阳极的表面包覆、TiO2光阳极的表面处理等方面的国内外研究进展,并分析了目前TiO2光阳极存在的主要问题及未来的发展方向。     

染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极制备及其应用

本文采用二氧化钛(P25),粘结剂及溶剂,研磨数小时得到均匀分散的纳米二氧化钛浆料,通过涂布法在FTO导电玻璃衬底上制备了光阳极,并用其组装成染料敏化太阳能电池。经过优化二氧化钛和粘结剂的比例,得到平整、致密、均匀的二氧化钛薄膜。对二氧化钛薄膜进行FTIR、SEM和光学显微镜表征,并对组装电池进行光电性能测试,研究了二氧化钛浆料不同制备条件对太阳能电池性能的影响。结果表明,二氧化钛粉末和粘结剂质量比为4∶3时,制备的二氧化钛浆料稳定性高;涂布厚度为20μm时,电池性能较好。组装的染料敏化太阳能电池在100mW/cm2模拟太阳光照下,光电转换效率达到2.51%。     

NiO as an Efficient Counter Electrode Catalyst for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

NiO is an important heterogeneous catalyst employed in chemical processes. However, it is a new topic to explore NiO as a counter electrode catalyst for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this paper, NiO with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) was demonstrated an efficient DSSC counter electrode with a maximum power conversion efficiency of 7.58 %. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry measurements revealed that the excellent photovoltaic performance is due to the combination between the high catalytic activity of NiO and the superior electrical conductivity of PEDOT:PSS. The optimum weight ratio of NiO to PEDOT:PSS is 48.     

CoSe2@N-Doped Graphene Nanocomposite High-Efficiency Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - In present study, CoSe2, and CoSe2@N-doped graphene nanocomposite has been prepared in an inert atmosphere and used as a DSSC...     

取向多壁碳纳米管的制备及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

使用经少量氯铂酸处理过的金属钛板作为基底,采用化学气相沉积法获得多壁碳纳米管。扫描电镜观察表明,经过氯铂酸处理过的钛板比未经过处理的钛板表面粗糙度低,获得的碳纳米管有一定取向性。将这种复合体系用作染料敏化太阳能电池的对电极,制作电池并测量其光电性能。与使用未经处理的多壁碳纳米管／钛板对电极的电池相比,使用经过氯铂酸处理...     

染料敏化太阳能电池基础研究及产业化新进展

本文从染料敏化太阳能电池(dye-sensitized solar cells,DSCs)的结构和工作原理出发,结合本研究组的工作,综述了DSCs组成部件(如:半导体光阳极、敏化剂、电解质和对电极)在材料及光电性能等基础研究方面的最新进展,并介绍了DSCs的器件集成和产业化现状,总结了DSCs所面临的挑战,展望了其未来...     

Stabilized Conversion Efficiency and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells from Beta vulgaris Pigment

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs), based on TiO₂ and assembled using a dye from Beta vulgaris extract (BVE) with Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), are reported. The dye BVE/TEOS increased its UV resistance, rendering an increase in the cell lifetime; the performance of these solar cells was compared to those prepared with BVE without TEOS. The efficiency η for the solar energy conversion was, for BVE and BVE/TEOS, of 0.89% ± 0.006% and 0.68% ± 0.006% with a current density Jsc of 2.71 ± 0.003 mA/cm² and 2.08 ± 0.003 mA/cm², respectively, using in both cases an irradiation of 100 mW/cm² at 25 °C. The efficiency of the BVE solar cell dropped from 0.9 ± 0.006 to 0.85 ± 0.006 after 72 h of operation, whereas for the BVE/TEOS, the efficiency remained practically constant in the same period of time.     

A Novel Alkoxysilyl Azobenzene Dye Photosensitizer with Alkylamino Group for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

A newly designed alkoxysilyl azobenzene dye with alkylamino group, 4-diethoxyphenylsilyl-4′-dimethylaminoazobenzene, was synthesized and examined as the photosensitizer for a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The novel azobenzene dye exhibited a strong absorption band in the visible region, and the solar cell using the dye as the sensitizer showed an incident monochromatic photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) value of 66 % at 440 nm and a light-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of 2.2 % under simulated sunlight irradiation of AM-1.5G one sun condition. The energy conversion efficiency obtained here is the highest value among those reported so far for azobenzene-sensitized solar cells, indicating the potential of alkoxysilyl dyes as photosensitizers for DSSCs.     

染料敏化太阳能电池中酞菁光敏剂的固定基团的研究进展

染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)是太阳能电池中非常有潜力的一个研究方向。敏化染料作为DSSC重要的组成部分在很大的程度上影响着DSSC的光电转化效率,酞菁是一种非常重要的光敏剂,近年来受到广泛的关注。酞菁结构的细微变化都会影响到其HOMO、LUMO能级,影响激发电子注入半导体极板的效率,从而影响太阳能电池效率。本文以酞菁与TiO2的固定基团为主介绍了近年来酞菁染料分子的设计研究进展。     

Recent Progress on Reduced Graphene Oxide-Based Counter Electrodes for Cost-Effective Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are one type of highly efficient low-cost solar cells among third-generation photovoltaic devices. Replacing the expensive components of DSSCs with alternative inexpensive and earth-abundant materials would further reduce their price in the solar cell market. Recently, graphene-based low-cost counter electrodes (CEs) have been developed, which could serve as a potential alternative to the expensive platinum-based CEs. In this review article, we have summarized recent research on various reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based composite CE materials, methods for their synthesis, their catalytic activity, and the effective utilization of such CEs in DSSCs. The photovoltaic performance of DSSCs made of rGO-based composite CEs were compared with the reference Pt-based cells, and the photovoltaic parameters are summarized in tables.     

方酸染料在染料敏化太阳能电池及氰离子检测中的应用研究

染料敏化纳米晶二氧化钛太阳能电池制备简单、成本低、光电转换效率高，已成为当前光电转换器件研究的热点之一．但目前还有许多制约染料敏化太阳能电池光电转换效率的问题有待解决．基于目前染料敏化太阳能电池在长波区采光不足的问题，本论文深入研究了在红光区域具有强吸光能力的方酸类染料在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用，重点考察了方酸染料的结构对其光电转换性质的影响，并开辟了一种协同敏化新技术，还利用方酸染料的β-环糊精包合物实现了水溶液中氰根离子的高选择性检测．具体研究结果如下：     

二氧化钛纳米管阵列制备及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

以NH4F的乙二醇溶液为电解液,采用阳极氧化法在钛板上制备二氧化钛纳米管阵列,通过调控氧化电压改变纳米管的长度和管径,得到了长度为10～45μm、管径为50～150nm的二氧化钛纳米管.分析了阳极氧化实验条件对TiO2纳米管尺寸的影响,并研究了TiO2纳米管阵列的尺寸对染料敏化太阳能电池(dye-sensitized ...     

氧化石墨烯(GO)修饰的TiO_2纳米管阵列光阳极的制备及其在染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)中的应用

文章采用二步阳极氧化法在纯钛片上制备了TiO2纳米管阵列,并用GO溶液修饰与其形成GO/TiO2纳米复合薄膜,修饰后的复合薄膜光电化学性能增强,组装成DSSC提高其光电转换效率,短路电流密度为13.2 mA·cm-2,光电转换效率为6.22%,相对于基于TiO2纳米管的DSSC电池分别提高了53%和30%。     

Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Red Turnip and Purple Wild Sicilian Prickly Pear Fruits

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were assembled by using the bougainvillea flowers, red turnip and the purple wild Sicilian prickly pear fruit juice extracts as natural sensitizers of TiO₂ films. The yellow orange indicaxanthin and the red purple betacyanins are the main components in the cocktail of natural dyes obtained from these natural products. The best overall solar energy conversion efficiency of 1.7% was obtained, under AM 1.5 irradiation, with the red turnip extract, that showed a remarkable current density (Jsc = 9.5 mA/cm²) and a high IPCE value (65% at λ = 470 nm). Also the purple extract of the wild Sicilian prickly pear fruit showed interesting performances, with a Jsc of 9.4 mA/cm², corresponding to a solar to electrical power conversion of 1.26%.     

多壁碳纳米管对电极染料敏化太阳能电池的制备及电化学性能

以钛酸丁酯为钛源,F：SnO2（FTO）为导电玻璃载体,通过溶胶–凝胶法制备TiO2光阳极;并用3种不同多壁碳纳米管（multi-walled carbon nanotubes,MWCNTs）制备对电极。利用X射线衍射仪和热重–差热分析对TiO2光阳极制备过程中晶体结构和热化学变化进行分析;采用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱...