表面处理工艺对钛合金材料表面残余应力的影响

本文主要考察表面处理（喷丸、激光强化、光饰、化铣）工艺对钛合金材料试样表面残余应力变化的影响。结果表明,喷丸、激光强化、光饰工艺大大提高了钛合金材料的表面残余压应力;化铣技术削弱了表面残余压应力,但与试样化镜深度无关。     

喷丸对TC4钛合金残余压应力场及疲劳寿命的影响

研究了不同弹丸及喷丸参数对喷丸后TC4钛合金表面形貌、表面塑性变形程度、残余压应力场和疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明:与铸钢弹丸相比,陶瓷弹丸喷丸强化后TC4钛合金表面的起伏程度变化不大,但能有效地覆盖加工刀痕;随喷丸压力增大和喷丸时间延长,试样表面的累积塑性变形先快速增大后趋于饱和;当喷丸压力达到0.25 MPa、铸钢弹丸喷丸时间大于40 s或陶瓷弹丸喷丸时间大于80 s时,最大残余压应力可达到610 MPa,残余压应力场深度超过250μm;两种弹丸喷丸强化后,TC4钛合金的疲劳寿命分别可提高10倍和20倍以上。     

某燃机长叶片喷丸技术探讨

文章主要通过试验的方式,分析了某燃机长叶片的喷丸研究过程,通过X射线表面残余应力检测分析,改善叶片表面应力状态。对研究类似结构大型末级、次末级叶片喷丸提供一个很好的借鉴。     

钛合金零件喷丸工艺及质量控制

目前,钛合金材料被广泛应用于国内航空工业中,但由于钛合金材料具有疲劳强度低、分散性大、硬度低及耐磨性能差等缺点,限制了其进一步应用。喷丸强化能够显著改善钛合金材料的抗疲劳性能,提高其微动疲劳抗力,从而可大幅提升钛合金零件的耐久性和可靠性。本文结合飞机起落架钛合金零件的喷丸强化实践,从材料和设备、制造过程以及维护质量3个方面进行控制,进一步保证了喷丸质量,提高了钛合金零件的使用寿命。     

表面喷丸工艺提高金属材料疲劳性能试验分析

在航空航天等领域,疲劳失效甚至占到所有零件失效的80％～90％,金属材料的表面强化技术,例如表面喷丸工艺成本较低且适用场景广泛而被工业界和研究人员关注.介绍了ZK60镁合金、Ti60钛合金以及0Cr13Ni8Mo2Al钢在喷丸处理前后疲劳寿命的对比,说明了喷丸技术对多种金属构件的疲劳性能的提升具有非常显著的效果.通过喷丸等表面强化技术可以很好地提高材料的疲劳寿命,从而避免危险事故的发生,节约经济成本.     

Tc4精锻末叶片工业化生产的研究

通过对Tc4钛合金原材料及对整体叶片的解剖试验及数据分析,得出钛合金作为汽轮机长叶片材料并进行工业化生产的可行性结论.     

校形对钛合金材料长叶片的影响研究

汽轮机长叶片加工后由于内应力释放都会产生一定的弯扭变形,一般叶片变形后采用机械外力校形来控制。但是,钛合金材料具有自身的一些特点,本文将从微观和宏观两方面分析外力校形对钛合金材料长叶片的影响,从而为叶片变形校形研究提供一定的帮助。     

喷丸强化因素对钛合金固体粒子冲蚀抗力的影响

探讨了喷丸强化(SP)因素(残余压应力引入、表面粗糙度增大和表面加工硬化等)对Ti6Al4V钛合金固体粒子冲蚀(SPE)行为的影响和作用机制,为充分发挥SP改进航空发动机零部件服役性能的潜力提供依据。结果表明:Ti6Al4V合金表面直接喷丸处理,其SPE抗力无明显改变;SP处理后进行表面抛光,Ti6Al4V合金SPE抗力明显增加。SP造成的表面粗糙度增大导致了钛合金在大小冲击攻角下的SPE抗力的下降;SP引入的表面残余压应力对提高钛合金在90°大攻角下的SPE抗力起了重要作用,原因是SP残余压应力增加了裂纹闭合力和抑制了疲劳裂纹早期扩展;SP引起的表面加工硬化作用对提高钛合金在30°小攻角下的SPE抗力有重要贡献,这归于加工硬化提高了材料表面在小攻角下的微犁削抗力。     

工艺参数对TC4钛合金喷丸强化影响的仿真分析

利用有限元法针对TC4钛合金的喷丸强化过程,建立了数值模型。首先,运用Abaqus建立的TC4钛合金喷丸强化的有限元模型,分别计算喷丸速度分别为40、60、80、100 m/s的模型,结果表明：当喷丸速度逐渐增大的过程中,表面残余应力,最大残余压应力和残余压应力层厚度都逐渐增大;其次,建立的TC4钛合金喷丸强化的有限元模型,分别计算了垂直入射、入射角为10°和入射角为20°的模型,结果表明：随着入射角的增大,靶材的表面粗糙度并没有显著变化,但对残余压应力的影响不可忽视,主要体现在最大残余应力由607.3 MPa逐渐减小为504.4 MPa,降幅20.4%,残余压应力层的厚度由158.5μm降低到145.2μm,降幅8.4%。入射角度控制在0～10°之间最合适时可以使得喷丸强化效果最优。     

X射线衍射法测试TC_4钛合金喷丸残余应力的精确度研究

从残余应力测试原理出发,结合自制原位拉压试验装置,评估了X射线衍射法测试钛合金喷丸表面残余应力的准确度。同时,利用卷积和概率论推导测试不确定度的计算方法,并对X射线衍射法测试钛合金喷丸表面残余应力的不确定度进行分析。结果表明,X射线弹性常数1/2S_2~(hkl)是影响残余应力测试准确度的关键参数,随着喷丸样品表面状态的变化,残余应力测试不确定度发生不同程度的波动。     

钛合金激光冲击强化层的残余应力及显微组织

对TC6钛合金进行了激光冲击强化(LSP),对强化层的残余应力分布进行了测试,应用透射电子显微镜对强化层的显微组织进行了观察。结果表明:TC6钛合金LSP的最佳功率密度为4GW.cm-2,LSP能在材料表层产生高的残余压应力场,表面残余压应力可达530.4 MPa;LSP可在钛合金表层产生高密度位错和纳米晶,纳米晶尺寸在10～100nm。     

钛合金叶片强化抛光工艺研究

介绍了一种钛合金叶片强化抛光原理,该方法将传统的强化与抛光工序合二为一。建立了强化抛光试验装置,对钛合金叶片进行了强化抛光试验。研究了磨块、频率、时间、振幅等对强化抛光的影响。试验表明:强化抛光后,钛合金叶片表面粗糙度从Ra0.35～0.5μm下降到Ra0.1～0.12μm,疲劳强度提高了约50%。     

曲面铝合金锤击平整技术研究

以曲面铝合金为例,利用工业机器人锤击的方式对曲面类零件表面进行平整,并探究各锤击工艺参数对其表面的粗糙度、硬度及表面形貌的影响.将锤击装置装夹到工业机器人上,控制工业机器人以矩形光栅式运动路径对曲面铝合金表面进行锤击加工,并对锤击后表面的粗糙度、硬度及表面形貌进行测量观察.结果表明:经锤击加工后的铝合金表面粗糙度可达0...     

航空铝合金激光激波强化工艺

用激光激波强化工艺对LY2航空铝合金进行了表面强化试验研究,测试了强化前后材料的性能.结果表明:经激光激波强化后材料表面残余压应力提高了约100 MPa,强化深度达1.5mm,是普通喷丸强化的2～5倍.     

Compressive Residual Stress into Titanium Alloy Using Cavitation Shotless Peening Method

Cavitation shotless peening (CSP) method, where impacts are generated by a submerged cavitating jet (without shots), was used to introduce compressive residual stress in titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V for the purpose of enhancing the conventional fatigue and fretting fatigue life and strength. This method provided higher compressive stress at surface as well as up to a depth of 40 m from the surface than that with the shot peening method. Further, the surface treated by CSP was considerably less rough compared to that by the shot peening method, which is a highly desirable feature to improve the fretting fatigue performance.     

IMPROVING FATIGUE STRENGTH OF METALS USING ABRASIVE WATERJET PEENING

Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) peening has been proposed as a viable method of surface treatment for metal orthopedic devices. In this study the influence of AWJ peening on the compressive residual stress, surface texture and fatigue strength of a stainless steel (AISI 304) and titanium (Ti6Al4V) alloy were studied. A design of experiments (DOE) and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to identify the primary parameters contributing to the surface texture and magnitude of surface residual stress. The influence of AWJ peening on the fatigue strength of the metals was evaluated under fully reversed cyclic loading. It was found that AWJ peening results in compressive residual stress and is primarily influenced by the abrasive size and treatment pressure. The residual stress of the AISI 304 ranged from 165 to over 460 MPa. Using the optimum treatment parameters for maximizing the residual stress, the endurance strength of Ti6Al4V was increased by 25% to 845 MPa. According to results of this study AWJ peening is a viable method of surface treatment for applications that require an increase in surface roughness and maintenance or increase in fatigue strength, qualities that most often are not available from a single process.     

IMPROVING FATIGUE STRENGTH OF METALS USING ABRASIVE WATERJET PEENING

Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) peening has been proposed as a viable method of surface treatment for metal orthopedic devices. In this study the influence of AWJ peening on the compressive residual stress, surface texture and fatigue strength of a stainless steel (AISI 304) and titanium (Ti6Al4V) alloy were studied. A design of experiments (DOE) and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to identify the primary parameters contributing to the surface texture and magnitude of surface residual stress. The influence of AWJ peening on the fatigue strength of the metals was evaluated under fully reversed cyclic loading. It was found that AWJ peening results in compressive residual stress and is primarily influenced by the abrasive size and treatment pressure. The residual stress of the AISI 304 ranged from 165 to over 460 MPa. Using the optimum treatment parameters for maximizing the residual stress, the endurance strength of Ti6Al4V was increased by 25% to 845 MPa. According to results of this study AWJ peening is a viable method of surface treatment for applications that require an increase in surface roughness and maintenance or increase in fatigue strength, qualities that most often are not available from a single process.     

喷砂工艺对双金属带锯条锯切性能和疲劳寿命的影响

用快速高压喷砂和慢速低压喷砂两种喷砂工艺对双金属带锯条进行处理,通过锯切GCr15和空转疲劳测试,分别对比两种工艺处理后带锯条的锯切寿命和疲劳寿命。通过影像测量仪和扫描电镜观察带锯条锯刃和锯条体表面形貌,通过X射线衍射检测带锯条锯条体表面的残余应力。结果表明:与快速高压喷砂相比,慢速低压喷砂能够优化锯齿齿尖形貌,减少锯切过程中的崩刃,从而提高带锯条的锯切性能;同时还能增加锯条体表面残余压应力,并使表面形貌均匀,从而提高带锯条的疲劳寿命。