PLC在长输管线自控系统中的应用研究

为了提高油料远程输送的安全性和可靠性,本文设计了基于PLC的长输管线自控系统。该系统实现了远程监控输油、紧急停泵、输油管线防盗、泄漏检测报警等功能。     

一起高压变频器功率模块过电压故障的分析

功率模块过电压是高压变频器运行中较为严重的一类故障,极易引起变频器故障停机。本文介绍一起高压变频器功率模块过电压故障,供同行参考。     

高压变频器及其在电厂中的应用

简单介绍了高压变频器的发展现状。分析了两种高压变频器的基本原理及组成。概括介绍了变频器在高压供电系统中的几种形式及在火力发电厂的节能,软起动及控制中的应用前景。     

单元串联型高压变频器故障单元处理方法研究

针对多单元串联型高压变频器运行过程中,某个单元突然出现故障时的处理方法进行了详细的分析和探讨,并给出了在一台300kVA/6000V的变频器上进行测试的结果.这种方法用于这类变频器效果较好.     

高压直流受端电网暂态电压安全预防控制方法

随着直流馈入电能的增加,受端电网的“空心化”趋势对暂态电压安全构成严重威胁。为此提出了一种面向直流受端电网的暂态电压安全预防控制方法。将预防控制问题分解为暂态电压安全评估、灵敏度分析和优化控制3个子问题来迭代求解。采用适于灵敏度方法的暂态电压严重性指标实现暂态电压安全约束的构建。通过限制线性灵敏度有效控制区间、参与控制集筛选等策略提高求解的准确性及效率。该方法在河南电网得到实际应用,应用结果表明所提模型与方法是有效的。     

两种常见电压源型高压变频器的比较

1.引言 随着电气传动技术,尤其是变频调速技术的发展,作为大容量传动的高压变频调速技术也得到了广泛的应用。近年来,各种高压变频器不断出现,电压源型高压变频器具有运行稳定、调速范围宽、输出波形好、输入电流谐波含量低、功率因数高和效率高等优点,应用较为广泛。本文对三电平PWM变频器和单元串联多电平PWM变频器二种应用较为普遍的电压源型高压变频器进行分析比较,指出各自优缺点。 2.三电平PWM电压源型变频器 在PWM电压源型变频器中,当输出电压较高时,为了避免器件串联引起的动态均压问题,同时降低输出谐波和dv/dt,逆变器部分可以采用三电平方式,也称中心点钳位(Neutral Point Clamped:NPC)方式,如图1。逆变部分功率器     

长输管道DCS系统下的高压输油泵电机控制回路设计

介绍在DCS系统控制下,长输管道高压输油泵电机直接起动和经变频/软起动装置起动的控制回路设计要点。     

电伴热在高芳烃油长输管线中的应用

基于电伴热技术在高芳烃油长输管线中的实际应用,介绍了电伴热系统电气控制原理,电伴热带的选型,管线散热量计算,通过计算对比不同控制方式下电伴热系统的用电量,验证了自动控制电伴热系统的节能效果。根据使用电伴热过程中发现的问题。提出了电伴热系统改进措施和日常使用、维护方法,为电伴热技术的推广应用奠定了实践基础。     

一种高压电网电压行波信号的提取方法

行波信号的有效提取是高压电网行波保护和行波故障定位的前提,针对传统电容式电压互感器不能传变暂态高频信号的缺陷,提出了一种电压行波信号的提取方法。利用电容式电压互感器或电流互感器的套管末屏电容,设计了电压行波提取电路,考查了其频率响应特性。利用EMTDC分别仿真了提取电路对不同频率段、不同故障初始角和不同故障电阻的暂态电压信号提取响应,理论分析和仿真结果表明:该方法能够有效地提取暂态高频信号,正确反映一次侧特定频带的电压行波特征,很好地解决了行波保护或暂态量保护及故障定位中暂态电压行波提取的难题。     

高压变频器在电厂中的应用

依据流体力学的基本原理,对火力发电厂中几类耗电量较大的辅机采用高压变频器后的节能效果进行分析,并且引入了全寿命周期的概念,进一步说明了采用高压变频器对提高电厂经济效益起到一定的作用.     

不平衡电网电压下光伏并网逆变器滑模直接电压/功率控制策略

不平衡电网电压下,光伏并网逆变器的输出功率和输出电流都将产生波动,给电力系统的稳定运行造成不利影响。根据光伏并网系统的数学模型,提出了光伏并网逆变器基于滑模控制的直接电压/功率控制策略。该控制策略可在电网电压不平衡时有效抑制并网逆变器输出有功功率和无功功率的波动。根据光伏并网逆变器输出功率和正、负序电流的关系,提出了以消除负序电流为控制目标的改进控制策略。此外,为提高系统的运行性能,提出了功率电流协调控制策略。最后,对所提出的控制策略进行了仿真分析,仿真结果验证了所提出控制策略的有效性。     

不对称电网故障下级联型光伏并网逆变器的低电压穿越控制

级联型并网逆变器在大容量光伏并网中具有较好的应用前景,有利于解决光伏阵列间的光照不均匀造成的发电效率低的问题。研究了在不对称电网故障条件下级联型光伏并网逆变器的低电压穿越控制策略。首先分析了在不对称电网故障条件下网侧电压的数学模型,总结出不同故障条件下三相网侧电压幅值与相位之间的规律。基于上述规律分析了不同故障条件下级联型光伏并网逆变器的控制方法,并提出了基于旁路原理的低电压穿越控制策略。最后建立了级联型光伏并网逆变器低电压穿越控制策略的仿真模型。通过算例仿真,验证了控制策略设计的正确性和有效性。     

Trans Z-source-based half-bridge inverter: A method for achieving high voltage gain

This article offers a modified trans Z-source-based half-bridge inverter topology. A suitable pulse width modulation (PWM)-based control method is applied on the proposed inverter. Regarding this control technique, the state of switches in each of the operational states is obtained, and their equivalent control circuits are demonstrated and examined in depth. With the help of the results of these analyses, the boost factor for the proposed structure can be calculated. Additionally, the necessary equations for designing the passive components, as well as the power ratings of the active components, are found. Then, in order to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed topology, a comparative study is conducted in several aspects, including the boost factor, the voltage stresses on capacitors, and the voltage stresses on passive devices. This comparison demonstrates that the proposed topology provides a high boost factor while minimizing voltage stresses on the devices, resulting in a smaller volume and size and a lower cost. Once the proposed topology has been thoroughly analyzed, the total power losses and the percentages of power losses consumed by each component device are calculated to obtain efficiency. Finally, an experimental prototype based on the equations for passive and active components is developed. Experiments are used to verify the validity of the proposed topology and the accuracy of the equations.     

考虑电压故障类型的光伏逆变器低电压穿越控制策略

在传统光伏逆变器低电压穿越(LVRT)控制技术的基础上,提出一种根据电压故障类型进行无功功率输出的可实现柔性电压支撑的LVRT控制策略。基于瞬时功率理论,对αβ坐标系下的功率、电流关系进行了分析;基于上述理论分析,提出一种基于电压正、负序分量加权分配的无功补偿策略,该策略根据不同的电压故障类型,通过调整分配因子生成相应的无功电流参考指令来实现提升三相电压有效值、降低公共点电压三相不平衡度等目标的电压支撑功能;在PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台上进行了三相对称故障、单相短路接地故障和两相短路接地故障的仿真实验,仿真结果验证了所提策略的正确性。     

高压及超高压故障电流限制技术分析

220kV和500kV高压及超高压故障电流限制技术被认为是保障大电网安全稳定运行、提高供电可靠性和灵活性的有效途径。本文结合国内外高压及超高压领域的几个限流器工程示范项目,对比分析串联电抗限流技术、串联谐振限流技术、分裂电抗开断技术、超导限流技术以及其他混合限流技术的原理、设计和制造关键技术、可靠性和造价,并对各种限流技术的优缺点进行了评述。     

A new digital control method for a voltage source inverter to compensate for imbalance of output voltage

This paper provides a new signal compensation method for digital inverters, which is aimed at improving the voltage source inverter. Because of the non‐ideal characteristics of components of the inverter (e.g., metal oxide semiconductor field‐effect transistor module), the output voltage is unequal at positive and negative half cycles. This will result in inductive load saturation, and the switches will be damaged. The method proposed in this paper utilizes a combination of pulse signal and reference signal for adjusting the height and the width of pulse signal, with small direct current offset compensated by the average voltage of the signal. This method can also be adopted in a built‐in, low‐resolution pulse width modulation digital controller, which has advantages such as automatic compensation of output voltage and low cost. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Capacitor voltage balancing in cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter and its modelling analysis for grid integrated wind energy conversion system application

In this study, a comprehensive control scheme for cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMLI)-based grid integrated bulk wind energy conversion system (WECS) addressing the problem of deviation of wind speeds among windmills like a partial shading condition of PV system is presented. The proposed control scheme uses independent dc links with reduced voltages that makes such a topology an ideal candidate for high and medium power WECS with improved reliability. Inconsistency of wind speeds at each turbine causes distinct voltage conditions among the isolated dc links of the CHBMLI H-bridge cells (HBC) leading to unstable power generation. The projected scheme along with maximum and efficient energy conversion has the ability of dc link capacitor voltage balancing in each HBC of CHBMLI during the above said power generation mismatch conditions and also maintains power quality in the grid side voltage and injected currents as per standards. Moreover, the modelling analysis of the adopted CHBMLI for the grid integrated WECS application has also been derived. The system performance under inconsistent wind speed environment has been tested and analysed by using MATLAB simulation and validated by using FPGA-based real-time simulator (Opal-RT-OP5700).     

高压开关柜热故障预警策略及其应用

依据高压开关柜热故障的时域多样性,对于长期故障和即时故障,分别提出了改进的组合权重相似日方法和改进的等效电阻模型。改进的组合权重相似日方法利用熵权法及序关系分析法完成相似日的求取及权重系数的分配,避免了相似日求取的不合理问题,有效地提高了预测精度。改进的等效电阻模型嵌入动态阈值算法及空间相关分析法处理奇异点数据和特征信号,使故障信号分析更加准确。实验结果表明,所提方法和模型能够准确有效地预测载流故障发展的整体趋势,精度较高。     

二阶LADRC在风电并网逆变器网侧直流母线电压控制中的运用

为提高风电并网系统中电网侧逆变器直流母线电压的稳定性和动态响应速度,文中设计一种无对象模型辅助的二阶线性自抗扰控制技术(Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control, ADRC)以取代电压外环的PI控制器,从而形成一种新的双闭环控制结构。文中利用频域分析法分析了ADRC控制器的稳定性、跟踪性和抗扰能力;最后在3.6MW直驱永磁同步风力发电机组的物理实验平台中验证了该控制结构的可行性,将传统PI控制和文中所提出的控制模式在不同工作条件下的控制效果进行比较。实验结果表明,该文章设计的控制方案优于传统的PI控制器,具有良好的抗干扰性和鲁棒性,大大减少直流侧母线电压波动所造成的影响。     

Power control for grid connected applications based on the phase shifting of the inverter output voltage with respect to the grid voltage

In photovoltaic (PV) systems connected to the grid, the main goal is to control the power that the inverter injects into the grid. According to the grid demands, injected power does not only include the control of the active power, but also the control of the injected reactive power. This paper presents, a digital control strategy based on the phase shifting of the inverter output voltage with respect to the grid voltage, in order to control the power factor with a minimum number of Digital Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (DSPWM) patterns and for a wide range of the inverter output current. This proposed method has been described, simulated and validated by experimental results.The proposed control strategy requires few hardware and computational resources. As a result, the inverter implementation is simple, and it becomes an attractive solution for low power grid connected applications.