基于板料电磁翻边的电磁力分布及成形质量影响

本文针对铝合金板料电磁翻边工艺过程,采用数值模拟方法,研究板料上的电磁力分布特性以及几何参数对电磁力分布的影响规律,并揭示电磁力分布对翻边件成形质量的影响。结果表明,铝合金板料电磁翻边中,预制孔的存在使板料上形成电磁力边缘积聚效应,板料预制孔径和成形线圈内径参数通过改变线圈投影面积比影响电磁力分布;随着线圈投影面积比的减小,电磁力边缘积聚效应更加显著,边缘电磁力密度增大;电磁力分布较均匀时,圆角区材料塑性流动更显著,成形件能获得更高的成形高度与更小的边缘减薄率,变形区厚度分布较均匀,成形质量更好。     

Numerical simulation of aluminum alloy ladder parts with viscous pressure forming

1　INTRODUCTIONTheeffectofstressstatesonaxisymmetricsheetformabilityhasbeenstudiedundertheconditionofsolidmetalpunchforming [14 ] ,andtheeffectofblankholderpressure (BHP) ,frictioncoefficientandpunchconfigurationonthestressstateshasbeenob tained .Becauseofthedisadvantagesofsolid punchforming ,newformingtechnologyisneededtoim provethestressstatesofthesheetinformingprocessandtomeettherequirementofforminglow plastici ty ,complexshapeparts .Viscouspressureforming(VPF)isarecentlydevelopedfle…     

基于塑性变形有限元模拟的模具结构优化

本文对马鞋6061铝合金塑性成形过程进行了有限元数值模拟分析,模拟发现了坯料充不满等缺陷.通过改进模具结构,数值模拟表明：采用阻料设计可防止缺陷的产生,并提高材料的利用率,降低成形压力.     

薄板件粘性介质压力成形过程的压边力控制

对铝合金以及高温合金薄板件成形过程中产生的缺陷进行了分析,并根据零件特征采用了不同的压边力控制工艺成功研制出了完全符合设计要求的零件。     

Electromagnetic incremental forming (EMIF): A novel aluminum alloy sheet and tube forming technology

Large parts cannot be shaped by conventional electromagnetic forming method due to the limitation of the strength of working coil and the capacity of capacitor bank. In this paper, based on the principle of single point incremental forming, a new method named electromagnetic incremental forming (EMIF) has been proposed. The method makes use of a small coil and small discharge energy to cause workpiece local deformation in a high speed. Finally, all local deformations accumulate into large parts. For the electromagnetic incremental sheet forming, the effect factors of processing parameters namely discharge voltage, vent hole, discharging times in a fixed position and the number of discharge region, on final sheet shape are investigated by using AA3003 aluminum alloy parts. In addition, two different simulation strategies are proposed to predict electromagnetic incremental sheet and tube forming process. For method 1: the technology like “birth–death element” is used to indirectly describe the movement of the coil and the morphing technology is used to make the air change with the workpiece deformation. For method 2: the coil can directly move to a special position and the remesh technology is used to consider the effect of the workpiece deformation and the movement of coil on magnetic analysis. It is found that method 1 cannot be used for electromagnetic incremental sheet forming process if overlap region exists in two adjacent discharge regions. However, method 1 can successfully predict electromagnetic incremental tube forming. And method 2 can be used for electromagnetic incremental sheet or tube forming. Both of the experimental and simulation results demonstrate that this new technology is feasible to produce large part.     

零件的FCF工艺与管座成形

FCF工艺是一种将传统板料成形和体积成形特点和优点相结合的新工艺,介绍了FCF工艺的分类和特点以及杯形件拉深和挤压成形工艺特点,并通过管座零件的成形模拟,进行了成形工艺和复合挤压模设计,取得了较好的效果。     

铝合金曲面斜法兰罩盖成形工艺的数值模拟与试验研究

研究了铝合金罩盖刚性模拉深预成形-新淬火-充液拉深终成形的多道次成形工艺。通过分析零件的几何特征,确定预成形中间构型的几何形状以及确定合理的冲压方向。基于有限元分析软件Dynaform对成形工艺进行模拟分析,优化成形过程的关键工艺参数,并进行试验验证与优化。研究表明:液室压力及加载路径对充液拉深成形零件质量影响较大,成形所需最大液室压力为15 MPa,充液拉深终成形后的零件壁厚最大减薄率为11.424%,侧壁与法兰没有明显的起皱趋势。试验证明对于该铝合金罩盖零件,采用刚性模拉深预成形-新淬火-充液拉深终成形的多道次成形工艺较传统多道次拉深工艺有明显的优势,可得到表面质量良好的合格零件。     

5A06铝合金鞍型横梁等温挤压近净成形工艺

针对某5A06铝合金鞍型横梁,设计了等温挤压近净成形试验。通过Deform有限元分析研究了鞍型横梁等温挤压过程中金属流动规律和缺陷产生原因,并进行了毛坯尺寸和热挤压件图的优化。设计了鞍型横梁等温挤压近净成形模具,可实现在普通压力机上加热管加热方式升温、成形后多顶杆同步脱模功能。通过等温挤压近净成形方法制备了长为580 mm、最薄壁厚为4 mm、筋高为8 mm、筋宽为6 mm的薄壁复杂多筋鞍型横梁,该构件90%以上部位尺寸精度可达到±0. 3 mm,其余部位尺寸精度可达±0. 5 mm,抗拉强度达340 MPa,伸长率约为25%。对等温挤压件装配部位进行少量机加,可获得3种不同尺寸的鞍型横梁。     

塑性成形过程摩擦测试的研究进展

摩擦是影响金属塑性成形及其过程有限元模拟的重要因素 ,因此有必要对其测试方法进行研究。本文介绍塑性成形过程摩擦测试研究方法和测试技术的研究现状与进展 ,并对模拟试验法和直接测量法各自的特点进行了分析。作者设计出一种新型的探针传感器 ,开发出了铝合金板料温成形过程摩擦在线检测系统 ,并对铝合金板(5 182 )圆筒形件温成形过程进行了摩擦测试。     

A servo motor driven multi-action press for sheet metal forming

The goal of the current study is to adapt a servo-motor driven multi-action press for forming of sheet metal parts under precise velocity control and variable blankholding force. The Engineering Research Center for Net Shape Manufacturing [ERC/NSM] has developed a computer controlled multi-action press with two independently driven punches for research in cold forming of complex parts, using physical modeling techniques. Recently, the same press was modified and upgraded for use in sheet metal forming. As a result of its special design and construction, this press is highly controllable and can perform a wide range of sheet metal forming processes. Tests were conducted in order to obtain the actual press characteristics. Axisymmetric deep drawing experiments were performed with 1100-O annealed aluminum material using all three actions of the press. In these preliminary experiments, the crucial role of blankholding force control on final product quality and drawability was established.     

铝合金防碰撞吸能管液压成形加载路径研究

针对防碰撞吸能管成形需要,提出了对铝合金6061圆管液压胀形过程的轴向进给补偿-液压力加载路径控制过程.通过数值模拟方法,采用分析软件ABAQUS 6.10对铝合金6061管材液压胀形的加载路径进行了研究.以成形件不发生起皱、破裂两种失效方式以及最终成形壁厚分布为依据,分析了不同轴向进给和液压力加载路径对成形件质量的影...     

6061铝合金灯具散热底座芯轴挤压成形研究

为了满足6061铝合金LED灯具散热底座芯轴精密制坯要求,根据零件的形状结构特点,制定了复合挤压成形工艺方案;并利用DEFORM-3D有限元分析软件,分别对不同铝坯规格和挤压成形速度下的挤压工艺进行了模拟仿真计算,研究分析了各种方案模拟结果的行程-载荷曲线及金属流线分布。最终确定相对较优的制坯规格尺寸为Φ56 mm×43 mm,挤压速度为30 mm·s^-1。然后进行了设备调试及生产验证。实践表明,挤压成形件与模拟结果基本吻合,产品质量合格、稳定,性能得到提高;与原切削加工方法相比,节省原材料66%。     

7A04铝合金厚壁筒扩口成形工艺研究

基于刚塑性有限元方法的数值模拟,对7A04铝合金厚壁筒扩口成形过程进行了分析,比较了不同温度、不同摩擦条件下扩口的应变分布和成形力变化.在此基础上进行了相应的工艺实验研究.结果表明,模拟结果和实验结果基本一致;在制定的工艺参数下,实现了铝合金厚壁筒的大比率扩口,为铝合金厚壁筒扩口成形技术的应用提供了依据.     

不同参数对铝合金枝杈类构件金属流线的影响及优化

通过有限元模拟软件,分析了不同参数对某铝合金枝杈类构件金属流线的影响,分析了该构件在成形过程中金属流线缺陷形成的原因.通过对坯料的高径比、挤压速度和摩擦因子3个参数进行优化,确定了最佳金属流线分布的成形方案.研究结果表明:适当增大坯料与模具之间的摩擦,可控制后期径向金属流动量和流动速度,从而有效地避免穿流缺陷的产生;较...     

汽车大型铝合金覆盖件的充液成形技术

铝合金覆盖件的应用是汽车轻量化的关键,但其制造难度较大。通过研究铝合金发动机罩外板的充液成形工艺过程,了解先进柔性技术在汽车领域应用的可行性。分析了工艺参数中液室压力与凸模行程匹配及压边力对板料减薄率的影响,从成形极限上判断零件无起皱、破裂现象的范围。获得最优的整形液室压力为12～20 MPa,压边力过小,板料不能充分塑性变形,压边力过大,板料易失稳破裂,最优的恒定压边力范围为1600～2000 k N。研究表明,采用板材充液成形柔性制造工艺,可降低噪音,无冲击线,且由于液室压力的作用,滑移线减小,可提高大型铝合金弱刚度板材的质量。     

Joining by forming of piezoceramic macro-fiber arrays within micro-structured surfaces of aluminum sheets

Functional integration of smart materials in sheet metal enables lightweight composite parts which are enhanced by new functionalities. Locally integrated piezoceramic/metal composites consist of a prefabricated array of ten parallel piezoceramic macro-fibers with dimensions of 0.277 mm by 0.232 mm by 10 mm which are joined in micro-formed cavities within the surface of an aluminum sheet metal. By the use of joining by forming, the interference–fit, preload and form–fit of macro-fiber arrays are achieved in a single process step. The paper describes investigations of the joining by forming process in formal planned experiments using the design of experiments method. The influence of the dimensions and preparation of the joining partners, the maximum forming force and the velocity of the forming stamp are varied. The interference–fit and preload depend on the maximum forming force. In contrast, the quality of the form–fit is primarily related to the geometric dimensions and the forming force. Fiber fractures and incipient cracks are the major failure mechanisms during joining by forming of the macro-fibers. The number of cracks is significantly reduced by the use of lower die velocities, lower maximum joining forces and the introduction of additional geometric elements in the microstructure of the metal surface. Concluding, constraints with regard to the design of parts and the process are derived from the experiments.     

空心坯料反挤压省力成形方法及应用研究

采用主应力法与数值模拟相结合的方法,研究分析空心坯料反挤压成形力变化规律。结果表明,空心坯料反挤压在减少接触面积的同时,减小了接触面上的单位变形力,大幅度降低了挤压成形力。经在重型车辆铝合金轮辋成形中验证和应用表明,该方法可行,为底部带中心孔的大型薄壁筒形零件的成形,提供了新思路。     

带扩展腔的纯铝及铝钛硼合金连续挤压力的分析与实验研究(英文)

将CONFORM挤压的变形区划分成初始夹紧区、夹紧区、圆锥形扩展腔区、圆柱形挤压筒区和定径区,采用主应力法建立各区力平衡方程,获得了带扩展腔的任意包角连续挤压过程的变形力公式。在自行设计的连续挤压机上对纯铝和铝钛硼合金(Al-5%Ti-1%B)进行实验。采用Gleeble-1500热模拟实验机实测得到铝钛硼合金在变形温度400℃、应变速率3.07s-1条件下的变形抗力为50MPa。计算得到纯铝和铝钛硼合金带扩展腔连续挤压的变形力。实验用的连续挤压径向力与理论计算的连续挤压径向力一致。     

Effect of blank holder pressure on viscous pressure forming aluminum alloy ladder parts

Viscous pressure forming (VPF), is suitable for forming difficult-to-form sheet metal parts. An investigation in the effect of blank holder pressure(BFIP) on VPF aluminum alloy ladder parts was conducted. Based on experimental and numerical simulation results of the effect of BFIP on dimensional accuracy, wall-thickness reduction, forming pressure, material flow and defects (such as wrinkling and fracture) of specimens, the effect patterns of BFIP load path on VPF ladder parts were explained. The limits of BFIP corresponding to specimens with no defect and with wrinkling or fracture defect were determined. In the limits of formable BFIP, the variable load path of BFIP was beneficial to drawing blank into the die and decreasing wall-thickness reduction of specimens. The experimental results show that the ladder parts of good surface fineness and high dimensional accuracy can be obtained by variable load paths of BHP.     

侧立柱冲压成形截面开口尺寸精度控制方法研究

在冲压件生产过程中,工件成形截面的开口尺寸精度一直是冲压工艺研究的重点内容,为解决某地铁碳钢车辆侧立柱成形截面的开口尺寸精度问题,先后采用反弯曲回弹补偿法、凹模底部加圆角和凹模侧壁内倾3种开口尺寸精度控制方法进行成形精度数值模拟,研究了反弯曲弦高N、压边力、顶料力、镦圆角和凹模侧壁内倾角度对成形精度的影响。针对各方法对于控制截面开口尺寸精度的局限性,提出了3种方法相结合的精度控制方案,对侧立柱进行了数值模拟分析和试验验证。结果表明,该方案可以有效将截面开口尺寸精度控制在设计误差范围内。