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线性积分模型和微分模型的普遍流变方程 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
给出了适合线性粘弹塑性流变模型的积分形式流变方程,并给出了普遍流变积分模型的流变方程。当该积分形式流变方程的蠕变核为负指数函数形式时,给出了相应的微分形式(K-C-M-B)的流变方程。 相似文献
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楼宇大厦竣工后,其沉降将在3~7a内趋于稳定,个别建筑会出现超过允许标准的不均匀沉降,出现结构裂缝、倾斜或变形。当物业管理部门发现此现象进行观测时,往往与施工单位的观测记录形成间断,物业公司在无原始基准点的情况 相似文献
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《Planning》2014,(1)
汽油机节气门的控制有多种算法,其算法的优劣直接影响到汽油机的工作性能和经济性能,因此对汽油机节气门控制中算法的研究就显得非常重要。在传统的PID控制中,当油门踏板突然变化较大时,容易产生振动,影响发动机的性能。而本文提出积分分离算法,当偏差信号大于设定阀值时采用PD控制,否则采用PID控制,不但可以防止产生太大超调,而且加快了响应速度,提高了控制精度。 相似文献
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重大工程抗震设计中实际强震记录的选用研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
时程分析法是进行结构抗震计算的方法之一,《建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)》要求:在采用时程分析法时,要选用不少于两组的实际强震记录。挑选相匹配的实际强震记录对抗震设计有着重要意义。本文着重讨论了在采用时程分析方法时,实际强震记录选取的原则、方法,并以中央电视台新址实际强震记录选取为例,对在实际强震记录选取过程中对选取结果较敏感的震级、震中距、峰值加速度、谱形特征等因素进行了探讨。 相似文献
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《Planning》2016,(2)
对已有单权Poincaré-型积分不等式添加不同的双权函数,比如,Arλ(E)-双权的带参数的形式,Arλ(E)-双权的带参数的形式,Ar(λ,)-双权的带参数的形式,从而得到不同形式的双权Poincaré-型积分估计式。 相似文献
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云南地震频发,是全国震害最为严重的省份之一,为了降低地震灾害,近年来云南省大力推广建筑减隔震技术。为了研究适用于云南地区的结构设计反应谱,通过云南地震局收集了自2007年以来云南地区的强震记录共2000余条,对不同场地类别、震级和震中距的强震记录做了分类。通过最小二乘法标定得到了不同场地和设计分组下的场地反应谱,结果显示云南地区反应谱动力放大系数、衰减指数和阻尼调整系数与场地类别没有明显相关性;建议将云南地区反应谱特征周期取值在建筑抗震设计规范的基础上增加0. 06s。拟合了不同阻尼比下的衰减指数和DRF谱均值得到衰减指数公式和阻尼调整系数公式。 相似文献
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系统介绍了近场强震动数据记录产生基线飘移的原因、基线校正的处理方法,并探讨了由加速度时程记录得到速度时程记录和位移时程记录的数值积分方法,为时程分析方法的应用提供了有利条件。 相似文献
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场地反应项是描述场地地震反应特征的定量指标,也是标识场地自身频谱特性的特征量。选取新西兰南岛Canterbury地区20个地震台站,搜集2010~2012年14次强震记录210条,借鉴现有的基于单台地震数据的地震动残差分析方法及FA 2010和BA 2008两个地震动预测方程,研究选取台站的场地反应项曲线(δS2Ss值)。结果显示δS2Ss值与场地条件及沉积土层特性相关,与选取的地震动预测方程基本无关;δS2Ss值越大场地对地震动的放大效应越明显;反之,δS2Ss值越小场地减震效应越明显。采用地震动预测方程预测具体特定场地的地震动参数时,其结果存在一定的偏差和不确定性,通过场地δS2Ss值对预测值进行修正,将场地自身地震反应特性考虑到地震动参数估计中;相对于地震动预测方程的预测值,δS2Ss值修正的地震动参数更吻合实际观测值。研究可以期为考虑场地效应的特定场地地震动参数预测以及特定场地PSHA计算提供一条可靠的途径。 相似文献
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A horizontal alignment can be represented by three key factors: number of horizontal points of intersection (HPIs), their locations, and corresponding horizontal curve radii. Deciding all the three factors simultaneously requires extensive effort, which is not practically feasible in the manual alignment development process. Most available computer‐aided methods prioritize some or all the three factors in the automated alignment development processes. However, approximation in HPI location or pre‐selection of HPI number and curve radius are the few limitations of these methods. This study presents a modified motion‐planning based algorithm for developing new horizontal alignments with optimized costs and impacts. It simultaneously uses a low‐discrepancy sampling technique to develop increasingly dense potential HPIs, rapidly exploring random trees to find a suitable number of intermediate HPIs at appropriate locations and sequential quadratic algorithm to select optimally fitted curve radii. The proposed algorithm is integrated with the GIS database for realistic location‐dependent cost and environmental impact assessment. Two real‐world study areas were selected to compare the results with the one reported in the literature and to evaluate backtracking capability. Results indicated the proficiency of the proposed algorithm in developing new alignments. The sensitivity analyses revealed the effect of design speed and right‐of‐way width on the alignment generation. The proposed algorithm can automate the new horizontal highway alignment development process and support highway engineers in planning and development. 相似文献
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Mark Sterling Chris Baker Abdessalem Bouferrouk Hugh ONeil Stephen Wood Ewan Crosbie 《Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics》2009,97(11-12):512-522
Increasing train speeds combined with the predicted reduction in the weight of new trains ensure that the effect of crosswinds on train stability is of continued interest to the rail industry. Changes in the approaching wind velocity can in turn lead to changes in both the lift and side force on a vehicle. Calculations of the wind induced force can either be undertaken in the frequency domain with knowledge of aerodynamic admittance characteristics or in the time domain using aerodynamic weighting functions. This paper investigates the applicability of developing a universal aerodynamic admittance function and a corresponding analytical weighting function for a variety of train types based on a range of experimental data. It is suggested that only two variables are required to parameterise both the admittance and weighting functions. It is also argued that for certain train types one of these variables can be considered as a constant across a wide range of yaw angles. 相似文献
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《Planning》2018,(3):67-68
生产性服务业集聚已经成为经济全球化时代推动经济增长的重要动力。以生产性服务业集聚空间特征的测度为基础,考察生产性服务业集聚与区域经济增长的空间相关关系,并进一步分析生产性服务业集聚对区域经济增长的影响,特别是这种影响在不同发展区域间的差异。研究结果表明,生产性服务业集聚对区域经济增长具有单向的促进作用,但不同区域生产性服务业集聚对经济增长的影响是不同的。生产性服务业集聚对东部地区和中部地区的经济增长具有显著的正影响,对西部地区经济增长无显著影响;只有中部地区生产性服务业集聚对相邻区域有正向溢出效应。 相似文献
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为寻求一种适用于不同类型场地的地震动空间相干函数实用模型,从美国、日本和我国台湾的密集型强震观测台阵的35次地震记录库中,选取1116条地震动记录,利用随机振动理论和数字信号处理技术对不同类型场地的地震动空间相干性问题进行了研究。通过对水平分量地震动和竖向分量地震动空间相干函数计算值的拟合,建立了一种适用于软土场地、一般场地和基岩场地的地震动空间相干函数实用模型,并进行了参数回归分析。分析结果表明:地震动场空间任意两点的相干性随着距离和频率的增大呈指数函数形式逐渐减弱;在软土场地、一般场地和基岩场地三类场地中,软土场地衰减最快,一般场地次之,基岩场地衰减最慢;基岩场地在距离20km处仍有较大的相干函数值;地震动水平分量的相干性要大于竖向分量的相干性。 相似文献
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In this paper nonlinear dynamic analyses of 4‐ to 12‐story frames with two types of bracing behavior are performed. In the first series of analyses, the bracing post‐buckling behavior is modeled using a Jain‐phenomenological model. In this model bracing buckled against compressive loading and yielded when subjected to tensile loading. In the second series, buckling restrained brace frames subjected to strong ground motion have been analyzed using elements with a bilinear behavior. The results in terms of story drifts, story shears, story shear versus drift hysteresis behavior and plastic hinge locations were compared. By comparing the response of the frame with the buckling restrained brace and the ordinary brace, better performance was observed for the buckling restrained braced frames. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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R. Becker 《Building and Environment》1985,20(4):195-200
This paper presents a method for generating the weighting factors, incorporated in performance evaluation systems, which are based on the weighted grading concept. A pilot study was conducted. It included a sample of 250 people, and indicated that the method leads to clear hierarchies of preferences. The building faults in the dwellings of the interviewed group were examined, and it seems that they influence the results to a minor extent only. 相似文献