石材荒料开采进入金刚石绳锯时代

就中国石材矿山机械行业来讲,2005年可以说是一分水岭.2005年以前,中国的石材设备厂家将主要精力放在研发、生产石材加工设备上,石材矿山机械设备多是一些低端的凿岩、吊装等产品,使石材矿山机械出现一个市场空白.虽然意大利石材矿山设备厂家在中国进行了多年的市场开拓工作,推广使用意大利矿山开采设备,但是受价格偏高制约,在中国石材矿山的应用相对较少。     

成就、机遇与思考

中国现代石材工业真正兴起是在改革开放以后。之前的产量不过几十万平方米，主要是北京大理石厂、天津大理石厂、上海大理石厂、北京建材水磨石厂、北京建筑水磨石厂、沈阳大理石厂、青岛大理石厂等石材厂为国家重点工程配套生产的石材产品。而到了2005年，我国石材产业发展成为世界石材生产、贸易第一大国。目前我国石材行业已发展成为一个规模庞大、系统完善的工业体系。全国石材企业有3万多家，遍布各省市自治区。据国家统计局对规模以上的1621家石材企业的统计，2005年石材行业工业增加值为187亿元，比上年增长4％；实现销售收入514亿元，比上年增长38．8％；实现利润35．3亿元，比上年增长42．6％。2005年规模以上企业大理石板材产量为1796万平米，比上年增长51．3％；花岗石板材产量13404平方米，比上年增长25．1％。2005年，石材进出口贸易创历史新高，石材出口总额22．6亿美元，比上年增长35％；进口总额8．38亿美元，比上年增长12％。     

1996年世界石材生产与进出口贸易概况

意大利《MARMO MACCHNE》137期报道了1996年世界石材生产与进出口贸易情况,现将其编译概述如下: 一、生产概况 以荒料开采量计,1996年世界天然石材的产量为4,290万吨,比1995年增长了10％(见表1)。1990年至1996年的七年中世界石材开采量增长了近70％。各石材品种产量在世界产量中所占比例有所变化,大     

我国将出台《装饰石材露天矿山技术规范》

随着改革开放的深入,我国石材行业得到了前所未有的快速发展。据国家统计局2006年度对1887家规模以上石材企业的统计,全国规模以上石材企业板材产量：1—12月,大理石板材累计产量2365．88万m^2,比上年同期增长20％;花岗石板材累计产量16009．15m^2,比2005年同期增长19．17％。2007年全国规模以上石材企业上升为1995家,1～5月份石材原料及制品企业实现销售收入340．06亿元,比2006年同期增长48．41％,实现利润总额23．42亿元,比上一年同期增长50．4％;     

国内首家石材资源勘查与评价机构在庐山成立

为适应国际国内石材工业的迅猛发展，石材加工业对石材资源的需求，满足生产企业对矿山建设的需要，国内首家单一矿种饰面石材的勘查与评价机构——庐山石材资源勘查研究所于2006年1月17日宣告成立。     

全国石材矿山开采技术现场交流会将在福建召开

经中国石材工业协会与福建省石材行业协会协商，决定于2006年11月4日在福建省召开全国石材矿山开采技术现场交流会。会场设在福州市福建经贸会展中心，矿山开采交流在位于南平市赤门乡的厦门新安德石业发展有限公司翡翠绿花岗石矿山。交流会内容：宣贯《石材露天矿山技术规范》，金刚石串珠锯开采工艺和采矿用金刚石串珠锯及配套设备。参观矿山内容包括：矿山建设及布局、矿山生产管理、金刚石串珠锯的实际操作。     

抓住机遇加快石材矿山发展步伐

当前贯彻落实十五大精神已成为各行各业的中心议题,石材行业的企业家和广大职工也都结合本行业本部门的特点和实际情况,深入进行学习、认真贯彻落实十五大精神,研究如何抓住机遇,加快本行业的步伐。我国石材工业近十余年发展经验告诉我们,要发展石材工业必须实施“矿山为本”战略,因此落实十五大加快石材矿山建设,是我国石材工业持续、健康、快速发展的关键。     

贯彻实施《装饰石材露天矿山技术规范》 努力提高石材矿山开采水平——在全国石材矿山会议上的总结讲话

由中国石材工业协会矿山资源专业委员会召开的2009年全国石材矿山会议,是在全国上下深入贯彻落实科学发展观,应对金融危机保增长的背景下召开的.会议开得很及时,很有必要,也很成功.会上,邹传胜会长结合三年来我国石材矿山开采业的主要变化,总结了<装饰石材露天矿山技术规范>的起草、制定过程和其重要意义,并对如何进一步贯彻落实<装饰石材露天矿山技术规范>提出了要求.他希望要重视石材矿山的基础地质工作;切实做好石材矿山开采设计;在坚持科学的开采方法的基础上,不断进行技术创新,开发和推广先进的石材开采设备.     

中国石材工业协会与国外同仁广泛交流

中国石材工业协会建立与国外石材界广泛的合作。在上海举办的“2006世界石材峰会”上，协会组织国内石材业界与国外同仁展开交流，内容包括矿山开采、石材机械、石材加工、应用与开发及石材贸易等方面。图为中国石材工业协会会长邹传胜与韩国石材客商交谈。     

机械化是石材工业可持续发展的必然选择

我国虽已跃居世界石材大国行列，石材工业经过几十年的建设和发展取得了有目共睹的辉煌成就。但不可否认的是，做为石材工业发展的基础和重要依托——石材矿山，总体水平仍然处于落后状态，除少数矿山外，我国大部分石材矿山现状不容乐观，普遍存在的突出问题是矿山规模小，生产能力低，年产荒     

Vanadium in foods and in human body fluids and tissues

Using neutron activation analysis, vanadium was analysed in a range of foods, human body fluids and tissues. On the basis of these results and those of other workers, it was concluded that daily dietary intake amounts to some tens of micrograms. Analysis of body fluids (including milk, blood and excreta) and organs and tissues provided an estimate for the total body pool of vanadium in man of about 100 μg. Vanadium was not detectable in blood and urine at the level of 0.3 ng/g, while low levels were found in muscle, fat, bone, teeth and other tissues. The relationship between dietary intake to pulmonary absorption is discussed in relation to the occurrence of vanadium in man-made air particulates. The very low levels found in milks and eggs suggest minimal vanadium requirements in growth. The findings are discussed in the light of previous results and also in relation to the possible essentiality of vanadium.     

Iodine-129 in thyroid and urine in Ukraine and Denmark

Human thyroids collected from Gomel in Belarus, sheep thyroid from Jutland and human urine from Zealand in Denmark were analysed for 129I and 127I concentrations. The ratios of 129I/127I in human thyroid in Gomel are 2.65-11.0 x 10(-9) with an average of 7.21 x 10(-9), which is one order of magnitude higher than those from Asia and South America (10(-10)), but significantly lower than those observed in west Europe (10(-8)). A weak negative correlation (P < 0.05) between 129I/127I ratio in human thyroid and the age of the subjects was observed in Gomel. The average ratio of 129I/127I in sheep thyroids from Jutland of Denmark is 1.81 x 10(-7), which is two orders of magnitude higher than those in south hemisphere, and Asia. It is also significantly higher than those observed in other west European countries before 1984 and that in human thyroid in Gomel. The high thyroid 129I level in Jutland is attributed to the release of reprocessing plants in France and UK. The 129I/127I ratios in human urine in Zealand of Denmark are 0.86-2.86 x 10(-8). The possibility of using urine 129I to evaluate the thyroid exposure to 129I is investigated.     

儿童青少年近视的防控研究进展

儿童青少年近视率一直处于高位并持续上升,严重影响了我国儿童青少年的学习和生活,本研究通过查阅国内外治疗儿童青少年近视相关著作及文献,针对目前儿童青少年近视防控手段的进展,对各治疗方案进行分析和研究。     

德国城乡景观与中国景观问题

2003年,笔者获得德国DAAD(德国国际学术交流基金会)奖励资助,作为访问学者在德国逗留了4个月(4月～8月).在这期间,笔者还考察了法国、丹麦、瑞典和意大利,但我认为还是德国的景观最为优雅和美丽.     

广义文脉与规划设计教育

城市规划设计教育不仅应关注历史化,还应关注自然、社会和经济;不仅应关注地方和传统,还应关注全球和未来。城市规划教育应掌握正确的发展观和方法论,肩负起发展地万脉的历史使命,保护社会公众的利益,推动城市持续发展。     

Perchlorate in raw and drinking water sources in England and Wales

A well‐known use of perchlorate is as a rocket fuel propellant; however, more widespread uses include in munitions and fireworks, and it also occurs naturally. Perchlorate suppresses the thyroid, which can lead to a variety of adverse effects. It is a widespread contaminant in the United States, but limited occurrence data in the United Kingdom exist, and even less for drinking water. Monitoring of 20 raw and treated drinking water sites in England and Wales, covering four seasonal periods, showed that perchlorate is a low‐level background contaminant of raw and treated drinking water. Low concentrations (treated drinking water: <0.020–2.073 μg/L, mean 0.747 μg/L) were detected at every higher‐risk site. The concentrations were comparable in each of the four sampling exercises and no significant trends were apparent relating to the time of year, the type of risk or the method of chlorination. Limited data showed that removal by ion exchange and granular‐activated carbon may occur.     

Lead and cadmium contents in cereals and pulses in north-eastern China

It is known that, unlike Japanese, Koreans or southern Chinese who depend on rice as a major source of energy for daily life, people in north-eastern China rely not only on rice, but on wheat and other cereals and to a lesser extent also on pulses. Cereal and pulse samples were collected from open markets in north-eastern China, and analyzed by inductively-coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS) for two potentially hazardous heavy metals — lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). The average Pb level in cereals (31.3 ng Pb/g as a geometric mean) and that of pulses (25.7 ng Pb/g) were similar to each other with no significant difference. Among the cereals, Pb contents were higher in foxtail millet (54.3 ng/g) and lower in maize (35.4 ng Pb/g; grain and flour in combination), wheat flour (28.8 ng Pb/g) and rice flour (22.7 ng Pb/g). Lead levels in two important types of pulses, kidney bean and soybean (24.6 and 30.8 ng Pb/g, respectively), were comparable to the levels in rice and wheat. In contrast, Cd levels were substantially higher in pulses (55.7 ng Cd/g) than in cereals (9.2 ng Cd/g), and among the pulses, Cd in soybean (55.7 ng Cd/g) was significantly higher than that in kidney bean (23.8 ng Cd/g). The possible public health implication of the Pb and Cd levels, especially the high Pb level in foxtail millet (54.3 ng Pb/g) and the high Cd level in soybean (73.5 ng Cd/g), is discussed.     

创新创业教育在高校实践教学中的研究与探索

大学生创新创业教育的开展对高校人才培养体系的完善具有非常重要的意义。针对目前我国高校创新创业教育模式的问题与不足进行探讨,分析研究了创新创业教育的实质,最后重点阐述了在实践教学中如何加强创新思路的引导,建立有效激励机制,开展创新及创业教育的应对策略,促进对大学生实践创新能力、创业就业能力和持续发展能力的培养。     

武汉城市景观文化生态保护建设的问题与对策

城市文化生态是形成城市特色的文化要素。历史古迹,优秀建筑,空间形态,环境特色,作为城市文化生态的显现部分,既是城市文化底蕴直观生动的反映,也是市民的情感港湾和精神家园。理应得到珍惜和保护。该文在系统地概括武汉景观文化生态特点的基础上,重点分析了当前武汉城市景观规划建设中的文化生态问题,提出了武汉今后改进城市景观文化生态规划建设的对策建议。