Combustion of jojoba methyl ester in an indirect injection diesel engine

An experimental investigation has been carried out to examine for the first time the performance and combustion noise of an indirect injection diesel engine running with new fuel derived from pure jojoba oil, jojoba methyl ester, and its blends with gas oil. A Ricardo E6 compression swirl diesel engine was fully instrumented for the measurement of combustion pressure and its rise rate and other operating parameters. Test parameters included the percentage of jojoba methyl ester in the blend, engine speed, load, injection timing and engine compression ratio. Results showed that the new fuel derived from jojoba is generally comparable and good replacement to gas oil in diesel engine at most engine operating conditions, in terms of performance parameters and combustion noise produced.     

Dual-fuelling of an industrial indirect injection diesel engine by diesel and liquid petroleum gas

For partial substitution of conventional diesel fuel with liquified-petroleum gas (LPG) fuel, in an indirect-injection, (IDI) diesel engine, the so-called ‘mixed diesel gas’ approach has been applied. For this purpose, a carburetted LPG fuel system has been designed and fitted on the inlet manifold of the engine. Extensive performance tests have been carried out at full load conditions of both the pure diesel and diesel-LPG engines. The results show that, at the rated speed, and at equal power of both engines, increasing the LPG proportion in the dual fuel decreases specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature and black smoke but increase pollutants such as UHC and CO, cylinder peak pressure and the rate of pressure rise.     

Combustion of algae oil methyl ester in an indirect injection diesel engine

An experimental study has been carried to use raw Algae oil and its methyl esters in an indirect injection diesel engine. Effects of engine speed, engine load output, injection timing of the algae biofuel and engine compression ratio on the engine output torque, combustion noise (maximum pressure rise rate), maximum pressure and maximum heat release rate have been studied. Raw oil extracted from microalgae and two versions of its methyl ester (0.1 and 0.2 methyl ester versions) have been evaluated in a Ricardo E6 engine. It has been shown that the algae oil methyl ester’s properties are similar to diesel fuel and its use has been successful in running the diesel engine smoothly. However, its use reduced the engine output torque slightly and increased the combustion noise. The engine output can be increased and the combustion noise can be reduced by controlling the engine design parameters e.g. injection timing and compression ratio.     

柴油机燃油喷射系统故障诊断研究

柴油机喷油器故障直接影响到燃油的喷射质量,导致燃烧过程恶化,影响柴油机的性能指标。常规的模糊神经网络中,模糊运算往往采用静态的、局部优化运算方法,往往存在技术上的难点,为此提出了一种基于补偿模糊神经网络的智能诊断系统。该系统将神经网络和补偿模糊逻辑相结合,采用动态、全局优化的运算,充分利用了相互间的优点,使网络更适应、更优化,加快训练速度。运用到柴油机燃油喷射系统故障中,取得了较好的效果。     

Combustion analysis of preheated crude sunflower oil in an IDI diesel engine

In this study, preheated crude sunflower oil (PCSO) was tested for combustion and emission properties against petroleum based diesel fuel (PBDF) in a naturally aspirated, indirect injection (IDI) engine. The cylinder gas pressure and heat release curves for PCSO at 75 °C were similar to those of PBDF. The ignition delays for the PCSO were longer and the start of injection timing was earlier than for PBDF. The difference in the average brake torque was a decrease of 1.36% for PCSO though this was statistically insignificant. The brake specific fuel consumption increased by almost 5% more or less in proportion to the difference in calorific value, so that the 1.06% increase in thermal efficiency was again statistically insignificant.The emission test results showed that the decreases in CO₂ emissions and smoke opacity 2.05% and 4.66%, respectively; however, this was not statistically significant, though in line with the apparent increase in thermal efficiency. There was a significant 34% improvement in the emissions of unburnt hydrocarbons. Carbon monoxide increased by 1.77% again the result was not statistically significant given the small number of repeat tests.The use of PCSO does not have any negative effects on the engine performance and emissions in short duration engine testing.     

直喷式柴油机两段喷射计算模拟

以KIVA-3为计算平台，计算模拟4气门直喷式柴油机不同预喷油提前角的两段喷射燃烧历程。其结论是：150CA BTDC以后的预喷提前角，其预喷与主喷柴油都以扩散燃烧为主；预喷柴油燃烧与缸内流动的共同作用，使缸内温度、质量分数分布更加复杂。氧质量分数分布差异是不同预喷油提前角对主喷燃烧放热率影响的主要因素。     

The comparison of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics of sesame oil–diesel fuel mixture with diesel fuel in a direct injection diesel engine

The use of vegetable oils as a fuel in diesel engines causes some problems due to their high viscosity compared with conventional diesel fuel. Various techniques and methods are used to solve the problems resulting from high viscosity. One of these techniques is fuel blending. In this study, a blend of 50% sesame oil and 50% diesel fuel was used as an alternative fuel in a direct injection diesel engine. Engine performance and exhaust emissions were investigated and compared with the ordinary diesel fuel in a diesel engine. The experimental results show that the engine power and torque of the mixture of sesame oil–diesel fuel are close to the values obtained from diesel fuel and the amounts of exhaust emissions are lower than those of diesel fuel. Hence, it is seen that blend of sesame oil and diesel fuel can be used as an alternative fuel successfully in a diesel engine without any modification and also it is an environmental friendly fuel in terms of emission parameters.     

Emission characteristics of using HCNG in the internal combustion engine with minimum pilot diesel injection for greater fuel economy

Hydrogen and Compressed Natural Gas are great alternatives to the pure fossil fuels. Many researches confirm the advantages of using hydrogen and natural gas blended together for the internal combustion engine in both areas of improving performances and reducing emission levels. In a short to medium range terms, the air pollution throughout the globe could be significantly reduced by using HCNG in the internal combustion engine and in many other applications with the substitution of using HCNG as a main source of fuel or as a secondary source of fuel such as the dual fuel operation system in the diesel vehicle.     

280柴油机喷射系统的改进

随着柴油机功率的提高 ,传统的具有等容卸载装置的喷射系统所造成的 2次喷射和穴蚀现象也在加剧 ,为了避免这种不良现象 ,资阳内燃机车厂试制了一种新型等压式卸载的出油阀 ,经过扩大运转试验和上海铁路局南翔机务段的试用 ,已经证实该产品设计可靠 ,能够提高机车喷射系统的使用寿命     

Effects of Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel on combustion and emissions of direct injection diesel engine

Effects of Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) diesel fuel on the combustion and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine under different fuel delivery advance angles were investigated. The experimental results show that F-T diesel fuel exhibits shorter ignition delay, lower peak values of premixed burning rate, lower combustion pressure and pressure rise rate, and higher peak value of diffusion burning rate than conventional diesel fuel when the engine remains unmodified. In addition, the unmodified engine with F-T diesel fuel has lower brake specific fuel consumption and higher effective thermal efficiency, and presents lower HC, CO, NO_x and smoke emissions than conventional diesel fuel. When fuel delivery advance angle is retarded by 3 crank angle degrees, the combustion duration is obviously shortened; the peak values of premixed burning rate, the combustion pressure and pressure rise rate are further reduced; and the peak value of diffusion burning rate is further increased for F-T diesel fuel operation. Moreover, the retardation of fuel delivery advance angle results in a further significant reduction in NO_x emissions with no penalty on specific fuel consumption and with much less penalty on HC, CO and smoke emissions.     

Effects of Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel on combustion and emissions of direct injection diesel engine

Effects of Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) diesel fuel on the combustion and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine under different fuel delivery advance angles were investigated. The experimental results show that F-T diesel fuel exhibits shorter ignition delay, lower peak values of premixed burning rate, lower combustion pressure and pressure rise rate, and higher peak value of diffusion burning rate than conventional diesel fuel when the engine remains unmodified. In addition, the unmodified engine with F-T diesel fuel has lower brake specific fuel consumption and higher effective thermal efficiency, and presents lower HC, CO, NO _x and smoke emissions than conventional diesel fuel. When fuel delivery advance angle is retarded by 3 crank angle degrees, the combustion duration is obviously shortened; the peak values of premixed burning rate, the combustion pressure and pressure rise rate are further reduced; and the peak value of diffusion burning rate is further increased for F-T diesel fuel operation. Moreover, the retardation of fuel delivery advance angle results in a further significant reduction in NO _x emissions with no penalty on specific fuel consumption and with much less penalty on HC, CO and smoke emissions. __________ Translated from Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering, 2007, 28(2): 19–23 [译自: 内燃机工程]     

Exhaust emission and combustion evaluation of coconut oil-powered indirect injection diesel engine

This paper presents the results of experimental work carried out to evaluate the exhaust emissions characteristics of ordinary Malaysian coconut oil (COCO) blended with conventional diesel oil (OD) fueled in a diesel engine. This project complies with Malaysian Government strategy on biofuel research activity. The results showed that the addition of 30% COCO with OD produced higher brake power and net heat release rate with a net reduction in exhaust emissions such as HC, NOx, CO, smoke and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Above 30% COCO blends, such as 40 and 50% COCO blends, developed lower brake power and net heat release rate were noted due to the fuels lower calorific value; nevertheless, reduced emissions were still noted.     

国产机车柴油机燃油喷射系统的改进

从国产机车柴油机的运用特点出发,根据国外的成功经验,对调车用机车柴油机供油系统进行了改进。为了提高国产干线主型机车柴油机燃油喷射系统工作可靠性、耐久性,对国产240系列柴油机的燃油系统进行了攻关改进,改进方案经过油泵台、多缸机、实际装车、扩大装车运用考核表明,改进达到了预期的目的,已于1998年1月通过部级鉴定。     

改进燃油喷射系统,降低柴油机有害排放

燃油喷射系统的各结构参数对柴油机的排放有重要的影响。通过对喷射系统的几个主要参数如喷油规律、喷孔直径、喷油压力等的分析来阐明其对排放的影响。     

采用电控燃油喷射柴油机提高DF7型调车机车经济性和环保性能

柴油机采用电控燃油系统,可以有效地提高部分负荷工况下工作的经济性,降低有害气体的排放。调车机车装用电喷柴油机,效果尤为显著。     

电喷柴油机电磁阀驱动电路的研究

根据柴油机电喷控制系统的要求,以16V280ZJB型柴油机为研究对象,对时间控制式电喷系统中的电磁阀驱动电路进行了分析和设计。     

Statistical and experimental investigation of the influence of fuel injection strategies on CRDI engine assisted CNG dual fuel diesel engine

With an alarming enlargement in vehicular density, there is a threat to the environment due to toxic emissions and depleting fossil fuel reserves across the globe. This has led to the perpetual exploration of clean energy resources to establish sustainable transportation. Researchers are continuously looking for the fuels with clean emission without compromising much on vehicular performance characteristics which has already been set by efficient diesel engines. In this study, the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of CRDI diesel engine assisted CNG dual fuel research engine operated at constant speed of 1500 rpm with variable engine load (16, 20 and 24 NM) to analyses the influence of fuel injection timings (7.5, 12.5 and 17.5 SOI) and fuel injection pressure (500, 750 and 1000 bar) under reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) mode. In the case of a fuel injection pressure of 1000 bar, the maximum brake specific fuel consumption of 0.42 kg/kWh is registered with a brake mean effective pressure of 3.2 bar. Response surface methodology has been used in this analysis for predicting the optimal input parameters (engine load, fuel injection timing, and fuel injection pressure), which results in an optimal combination of performance (BP, BTHE, and BSFC) and emission (HC, NOx, and CO) parameters. A variety of optimal solutions based on the desirability method is obtained from the model, and optimal input parameters is suggested as load 20(Nm), injection pressure 750(Bar), and injection timing (BTDC) 12.5. Additionally, to obtain a ‘regression model’ a statistically significant test (ANOVA) is developed. Results have shown that the suggested ‘Regression Model’ is best fitted to 0.095 standard deviations, 0.972 corrected R², and 18.482 acceptable accuracy.     

液化石油气(LPG)--柴油双燃料发动机的试验研究

用一种独特的方法,对液化石油气-柴油双燃料发动机进行了研究。试验结果表明,液化石油气-柴油双燃料发动机可得到与柴油机相类似的性能。控制废气再循环和低负荷时切断液化石油气供应是降低排放的一个较好方法。     

16V265H型柴油机电喷控制系统

针对16V265H型柴油所采用的电子控制燃油喷射（EMDEC）系统,分析了该系统的构成、原理及主要部件的功能等。通过与机械控制方式的对照比较、对国内外中速柴油机电喷技术的现状介绍,阐述了电喷柴油机的特点和技术优势,该系统不仅能够使柴油机保持最佳的机械性能,而且能兼顾燃油经济性和污染物排放控制。