用科学的方法优选服装尺码

用科学的方法优化服装的尺码,既可使顾客根据自己的体形特征选购自己合身的服装,同时又能使服装生产工业以更经济的手段生产批量较大的服装.因此,用科学的方法确定合身的服装尺码就显得十分重要.当然如果有更多的服装尺码,就更能满足顾客的需要.但是服装的尺码与所用的面料、体形尺寸数据、技术装备、服装工业的生产管理等因素密切相关.如果尺码数愈多,则生产管理就更复杂,相应的经济效益将明显下降.根据上述理由,有必要运用科学的方法,确定尽可能少的服装尺码系列,以最经济为目标,优化服装的尺码,从而最大限度的满足顾客购买服装的欲望,这是规模化服装生产厂的基本宗旨.     

用科学的方法优选服装的尺码

用科学的方法优化服装的尺码,既可使顾客根据自己的体形特征选购自己贴身的服装,同时又能使服装生产工业以更经济的手段生产批量较大的服装。因此,用科学的方法确定合身服装尺码就显得十分重要。当然如果有更多的服装尺码,就更能满足顾客的需要,但是服装的尺码与所用的面料、体形尺寸数据、技术准备、服装工业的生产管理等因素密切相关。如果尺码数愈多,则生产管理就更复杂,相应的经济效益将明显下降。根据上述理由,完全有     

基于仿真区域性数据的服装团体定制归号机制

在服装团体定制市场快速发展的背景下，为探究适应不同团体客户的定制方案，解决区域性大规模人体尺寸数据收集难的问题，优化团体定制归号流程和提升团体订单风格统一性，采用蒙特卡罗方法仿真区域性团体尺寸测量数据，建立区域性团体号型规格表(RGS),并提出基于比例方法归号流程，优化归号结构链。结果表明：仿真数据与初始订单数据的散点图分布一致，仿真尺寸数据均呈正态分布，达到预期仿真目标。分别采用企业初始号型规格表(EIS)和区域性团体号型规格表对订单尺寸进行归号，RGS归号结果评价等级优秀转化为47.4%,表明优化的归号流程有效，且RGS更贴合目标区域人群体型，号型覆盖评价结果显示RGS对区域人群的整体覆盖效果显著。     

试验针织品合身的新方法

1.尺码和合身当某个人的身体尺寸符合服装标签上尺码所指定的极限大小时,即获得了合身的衣服。这同样适用于新服装和那些按规定方法洗涤过的服装。在扩展情况下穿着的针织服装(如内衣),洗涤次数必然是十分频繁的。顾客挑选服装是按照其个人的爱好,而     

基于层次分析法的服装号型选择

为解决线上购买服装不合体的问题,以女裤为例,依据人体体型对应服装的关键控制部位,建立以身高、腰围高、直裆长、腰围、臀围、大腿围、膝围和脚腕围等为构成因素的服装号型选择层次结构模型。针对5名不同体型的实验对象,运用层次分析法的权重计算确定其购买裤装的理想尺码分别为L(168/69)、XL(171/72)、S(161/63)、XXL(173/74.5)和L(155/70)。经回访调研结果与该实验一致,证明层次分析法应用于服装号型选择可有效辨别影响裤装尺码各因素,为顾客线上购买裤装提供尺码依据。     

服装裁剪中的立体扫描和测量技术

介绍服装用人体的三维测量方法,基于白光相位扫描测量技术和专有的测量数据撮软件来完成人体的三维测量。由扫描器通过对单一图象的成千上万的测量点进行扫描抽样,然后经由相应的软件自动提取所需要的人体三维尺寸数据,此技术可以对消费者进行精确的量体裁衣,或指导消费者购买合体的服装,促进服装工业的发展。     

婴儿人体特征对服装设计的影响分析

从人体工程学的理论角度出发,分析和研究婴儿人体特征对其服装结构、功能设计的影响。对38名婴儿开展人体部位尺寸、温度的测量及日常动作姿态的观察,根据测量和观察结果从形态、运动、生理和心理4个方面来分析婴儿的人体特征,进一步讨论这些特征对服装功能性的影响,并结合面料选择、服装外形、服装尺码、服装结构、服装色彩、服装图案、服饰配件、制作工艺来系统研究婴儿服装设计中的关键要点。     

网购服装产品属性对顾客合体满意度的影响

为研究尺寸表、尺码推荐表以及试穿报告等产品属性对顾客合体满意度的影响,首先对35家淘宝女装店铺网页展示信息进行梳理,得到8项网页服装展示信息,提取出7个产品属性;然后,基于S-O-R模型确定研究框架,借助问卷调查共收集204个有效样本;最后,建立逐步回归模型分析产品属性对顾客合体满意度的影响。研究发现:顾客侧重阅读尺寸表与产品指数等信息;然而产品的外部属性对顾客合体满意度的影响更显著,二者呈现正相关关系;同时,进一步研究身体质量指数(BMI)对顾客合体满意度的影响发现,不同BMI模型下影响顾客合体满意度的产品属性有显著性偏差,可获取不同目标顾客态度的有效性信息。     

全身扫描能否胜出?

虽然在网络上购买从食品到家具的一切商品已经司空见惯,但相比较来说,还是很少有人愿意通过网络来购买服装,因为他们不想冒险买一件没试穿过,可能因为不合适而退货的产品。根据ForresterResea rch的调查数据来看,美国89%的服装消费仍然在实体商店进行,因为消费者不确信自己的尺码与网上的产品尺寸和图片相吻合。根据comScore的统计,截止到6月份的1 2个月中,美国人通过网络购买服装和配饰的消费额为250亿美元,而全部互联网贸易总额为1 730亿美元。现在,一波新的商业竞争开始了,一些企业试图通过可以进行在线尺码测量的全身扫描来解决这个问题。他们认为,这项技术将彻底改变服装零售业,亚马逊已经用相同的方式改变了图书零售业。Unique Solutions是在一些机场的全身扫描仪中使用的毫米微波技术,这项技术由政府实验室发明,在70家商场为顾客提供免费的全身扫描,顾客会根据自己的测量结果获取购买意见。     

数据优化模式在服装样板定制技术上的应用

从服装定制角度总结了服装样板个性化定制技术的不同研究方法,提出优化人体尺寸数据应用模式,并将最优效率的人体尺寸数据转置形式应用于个性化样板生成过程中;在数据优化的基础上提出一种评定标准,为确定最优效率数据应用提供思路与方向。     

基于最小风险贝叶斯决策的织物图像分割

为了实现利用机器视觉技术进行织物图像检测,对织物图像的分割进行了研究。依据最小风险贝叶斯决策理论,提出了一种基于最小风险贝叶斯决策的图像分割方法。首先建立图像分割的最小风险贝叶斯决策模型,对灰度级类条件概率密度估计出其符合正态分布的数学期望和方差以及损失函数,再依据最小风险贝叶斯决策理论对图像中的每一像素点进行目标图像和非目标图像的类别判断,从而实现目标图像的提取。实验结果表明,该方法在图像分割中是一种实用和成功的方法。     

Morphological and masticatory performance variation of mouth behavior groups

Food texture preference and product acceptance are hypothesized to be influenced by mouth behavior. Recent work identified four mouth behavior (MB) groups that describe most consumers in the United States: Chewers, Crunchers, Smooshers, and Suckers. While these behavioral preferences are thought to play a significant role in food selection and purchasing decisions, it is unknown how closely they relate to body and oral cavity measures as well as masticatory apparatus performance. Our objectives were twofold: to determine whether MB groups are related to (a) morphological variation in body, head, and oral cavity size and (b) masticatory apparatus performance (i.e., maximum jaw gape, maximum bite forces at the incisors and first molar). Measurements were collected following an online MB assessment (JBMB Mouth Behavior Typing Tool) where participants self-identified as one of the four types of consumers. As expected, univariate associations were observed between masticatory performance and overall body as well as oral cavity size. These relationships did not persist when assessed with multivariate methods. MB groups did not differ by body, head, or oral cavity measurements; maximum gape; or maximum bite force. Because of small sample sizes for Smooshers and Suckers—a reflection of their limited prevalence in the U.S. population—we interpret the results for these groups with caution. We can more confidently conclude based on our sample that Chewers and Crunchers do not differ in size, bite force, or maximum gape, suggesting other factors primarily drive food texture choice and preference in these individuals.     

Investigation of electrospun web porosity and its statistical evaluation

Abstract

In order to objectively study the influence of various factors on the structure and porosity of the electrospun nanofibers webs and to compare the results obtained by different authors, an objective method of porosity evaluation is needed. Analysis of literature has shown that the lack of a common method for evaluating the structure of electrospun webs generates uneven results. The method of electrospun web porosity evaluation by maximum pore size in the web is presented in this article. The main investigations were done with polyamide 6 electrospun nanofibrous web. It was stated that distribution of maximum pore size in various places of the web is close to Gausian normal distribution with some positively skew. This skew is the reason why classical statistical methods cannot be used for electrospun web porosity evaluation. It was stated that for maximum pore size evaluation with reliability 99.9%, it is not possible to use 4S (4 standard deviation) rule. In the case of 100 measurements, it is necessary to use 5S rule, and in the case of 20 or 10 measurements – even 7S or 8S rule, respectively. The results show that for maximum possible pore size evaluation, it is necessary to have much more than 10 or 20 measurements (photos), and for obtaining the same reliability, it is necessary to use a higher coefficient with standard deviation, as in the classical statistical case of Gausian distribution.     

青年男性颈部分类与尺寸规格分析

通过非接触式三维人体扫描仪对200名在校男大学生进行人体测量,结合服装领型结构设计所需尺寸,提取了青年男性8个颈部相关尺寸,提出相应的分类指标;利用SPSS统计软件通过分类指标对样本进行聚类分析,把青年男性颈部细分为7个类型,并计算出各类型颈部中间体数值和各部位的分档数值,组成青年男性颈部尺寸的规格系列,该规格系列可为男装领型的结构设计提供更多的尺寸参考,服务于服装规格制定和成衣生产。     

Influence of emulsion composition on lubrication capacity and texture perception

The role of fat content and type of surfactant for oral friction processes and texture perception of oil-in-water emulsions was assessed. Emulsions at 22% and 33% fat content containing either sodium caseinate or a sucrose ester as emulsifier were compared with viscosity-adapted aqueous solutions of dextran using both sensory evaluation and friction coefficient measurements on a tongue-palate contact model. The impact of saliva on the emulsion droplet size distribution was studied using tribology, differential interference contrast microscopy and light diffraction measurements. Emulsions at 33% and the corresponding iso-viscous aqueous solutions were discriminated in the sensory experiment whereas emulsions at 22% were not. Friction was significantly different for emulsions at 33% and the corresponding iso-viscous aqueous solutions. The difference was not significant for emulsions with 22% fat level when compared with the iso-viscous aqueous solutions. Saliva significantly decreased the friction coefficient of emulsions depending on the surfactant and amount of fat used.     

Relationships between Physical Starch Properties and Yellow Alkaline Noodle Quality

Physical properties of starch were found to be significantly correlated with the eating quality of yellow alkaline noodles. Starch was isolated from 23 Australian wheats and analysed for granule size distribution, swelling power, and viscosity measurements with a Rapid Visco Analyzer. Most starch parameters were found to be highly correlated with noodle smoothness and firmness. These relationships were improved when wheat protein content, grain hardness, and wheat Falling Number were added in multiple regression equations. Swelling power and viscosity measurements were also performed on the corresponding flour (60% extraction) and meal samples. Their relationships to noodle quality were generally better than the corresponding starch results. This outcome is of potential benefit to wheat breeders seeking a small scale test to select wheats for their suitability for making yellow alkaline noodles.     

Methodological approaches to a statistical analysis of the data from a population survey of children in a study of the causes of obesity

To elaborate unified criteria for the physical development evaluation in children, a comparison was made of two populations of children in the Estonian SSR: with normal and excessive body mass (EBM). The investigation was conducted by the cohort type, the children were divided into groups according to their age, sex, residence and nationality. To study the influence of the above factors on the distribution of Quetelet's index (the basic parameters of EBM) in the population of children in the Estonian SSR, a criterion was used, characterizing variations of the populations with respect to each of the factors with due regard for the rest factors. It has been established that in the evaluation of the physical development of children the differences in the distribution of Quetelet's index should be considered taking into account sex, nationality and residence of children.     

Within and between field variability of residue data and sampling implications.

Information on the variability of residues in individual fruits and vegetables is required to estimate the acute dietary exposure to pesticides. The distribution of residues in apples, kiwi fruits, potatoes and butter beans was studied in field experiments representing commercial farming practice. No correlation was found between the residue concentration or surface residue and the mass of apples. The relative frequency distributions of residues in crop units were continuous and skew positive. The log-normal transformation did not result in a normal distribution in any of the trials. Consequently, 299, 120 and 59 random samples should be analysed to estimate 99th, 97.5th and 95th percentile of the residues at 95% confidence level. The distribution of residues is not significantly influenced by the mean residue, pre-harvest interval, chemical and physical properties of the active ingredient, formulation of pesticide or, on top fruit, the foliar application method. However, the residue distribution is likely to be influenced by the size, shape and density of the plants, and mode of application of pesticides. The variability factor should be defined as the ratio of the highest value at a specified percentile of residues occurring in unit crops and the population mean. Generic variability factors may be determined for various groups of commodities. Variability factors of 5 and 9 are recommended for medium size fruits, and potato following granular application of pesticides, respectively.     

谷氨酸分批等电结晶中晶种表面积及其粒径对产品粒度分布的影响

在谷氨酸分批等电结晶过程中,添加晶种与否直接影响产品的粒度分布(CSD)。通过在谷氨酸结晶过程中添加不同晶种的方法,研究晶种表面积及其粒径对结晶的影响,以期获得谷氨酸分批等电结晶中添加晶种的最优条件。实验结果表明,对于平均粒径不同的晶种,添加的晶种表面积存在临界值Sc使得此时得到的产品粒度分布均匀,中位径(D50)最大。当晶种平均粒径位于67.3～91.9μm,晶种表面积为50 cm2时得到的产品D50最大、CSD最好,即该晶种粒径对应的Sc不大于50 cm2;晶种平均粒径位于103.7～117.7μm时对应的Sc为100 cm2;晶种平均粒径为154.8μm时对应的Sc不小于250 cm2;当晶种平均粒径大于235.9μm时得到的CSD为双峰。表面积相同时,与粒径小的晶种相比,粒径大的晶种破碎率大、吸收溶质的速率小,所以晶种粒径越大表面积临界值越大。     

Dietary intake of pesticides: State of Kuwait total diet study

The State of Kuwait conducted a total diet study (TDS) to determine the dietary intakes of selected pesticides. This paper reports the results of this study. A national food consumption survey was performed and core food lists for different population groups were established representing the total diet of the Kuwaiti population. Food items (table-ready) were purchased/prepared and analysed for their contents of organophosphate/organochlorine carbamate, benzimidazole and phenylurea pesticides according to the US FDA Pesticide Analytical Manual (PAM I). Dietary intakes of these pesticides are presented for 19 population groups, which range from infants to elderly adults. The intakes of selected population groups are compared with representative findings from the US FDA/TDS and data published from other countries. In general, the average daily intakes were well below acceptable limits, but higher than those reported from developed countries.