松耦合组件的通信模式研究

为了解决松耦合软件系统中的组件通信问题,对通知和消息队列通信模式中存在的同步耦合问题进行研究.通过分析组件通信的同步解耦问题,提出基于消息中心的通讯模式,并从通信方法、组件注册和消息队列3个方面进行说明.同时给出组件通讯地址编码方案,以及带有动态优先级的消息排队等待时间计算方法,并应用消息对解决了关联消息问题.结合多学科优化设计系统设计实践,验证该技术可行.     

Anti-smoking educational game using avatars as visualized possible selves

Few social smokers envision themselves being affected by the negative consequences of smoking despite well-known facts that smoking causes serious illnesses and death. However, as smoking habits quickly develop, social smokers cannot be free from the negative consequences of smoking. In this study, we pose the following question: “Would showing social smokers’ possible future as a consequence of smoking help them alter their current smoking behaviors?” Thus, using the theoretical concept of possible selves, an anti-smoking educational game was created in which players could see changes to the appearance of their future selves as a consequence of smoking. We used a 2 (Future face: Showing vs. Not showing) × 2 (Self avatar: Self-avatar vs. Other-avatar) between-subjects design for the experiment. Results indicated that participants who viewed the future face, compared to who did not, reported more negative attitudes toward social smoking and greater intention to quit smoking. The main effect of the self avatar was insignificant; however, seeing the future face in the self-avatar condition led to an increase in perceived risks compared to other-avatar condition. The implications of using avatars as visualized possible selves in health promotion are discussed.     

Admission control and scheduling of remote processes in loosely-coupled distributed systems

Scheduling and execution of remote processes are integral parts of designing grid and cloud computing systems, which aim to utilize the idle CPU and memory resources of a node. However, such execution tends to degrade the overall performance of a node through over-loading and delaying the execution of local processes. This paper proposes the Admission Control and Scheduling (ACS) algorithm for execution of remote processes in a node based on online estimation method. The experimental results illustrate that the algorithm successfully schedules a large set of CPU-bound and IO-bound remote processes without degrading overall performance of a node. The comparisons of CPU-utilization and memory-utilization of an idle node and a stable node executing remote processes show that, the average utilizations are enhanced by 26.65% and 24.5%, respectively. However, the ACS algorithm successfully maintains the load-balance in a node so that, the performance of the local processes remains unaffected.     

Index organizations for object-oriented database systems

We present an indexing technique providing support for queries involving complex, nested objects and inheritance hierarchies. This technique is compared with two techniques obtained from more traditional organizations. The three techniques are evaluated using an analytical cost model. The discussion is cast in the framework of object-oriented databases. However, results are applicable to data management systems characterized by features such as complex objects and inheritance hierarchies     

Evolution of information systems in organizations

Of all organizational phenomena and management techniques, the use of computers and data processing have been perhaps the most distinct and penetrating. The steady progress of technology and common patterns of growth have inspired a whole body of literature on the evolution of information systems. This article reviews the relevant literature and the theoretical underpinnings of different views. We develop a framework which includes elements from economics, diffusion theories, organizational learning and growth and stages theory. Within this framework we integrate different views on the subject and look at what broader theoretical features are applied in the models presented in information systems research. On the basis of the review, we draw some conclusions about the limitations of the models and the need for future research in the field.     

Rethinking competence systems for knowledge-based organizations

Existing competence systems are based on a rationalistic view of competence. While these competence systems might work in job-based organizations, we argue that in more dynamic settings, such as in knowledge-based organizations, the interest-informed actions that capture the emergent competencies of tomorrow require different types of information technology support. The main objective of this paper is to elaborate on the possibilities and implications of using interest-activated technology as a design rationale for competence systems. This paper is based on an action case study of an implemented interest-activated Intranet recommender system prototype at Volvo Information Technology AB in Gothenburg, Sweden. On the basis of how organizational members used this prototype to find information they were interested in, our research team was able to inquire into how personal interest, embodied in information-seeking activities, could be a means for identifying competence. Building on the relation between personal interest and competence, we discuss competence systems design and spell out explicit implications for managerial practice in knowledge-based organizations.     

The MIS Executive as Change Agent

In theory, executives make plans, and organizations carry them out. In reality, however, many changes mandated by executives never get implemented; instead, they get swallowed up in corporate bureaucracies. The problem is not new—executives have been frustrated by corporate unresponsiveness for years—but its consequences in the computer age are much more dire: corporations that cannot keep pace with their leaders will fail. Some corporations have installed change agents to bridge the gap between planning and implementation. This article explains why MIS executives are uniquely positioned to fill this emerging role.     

The MIS Executive as Change Agent

In theory, executives make plans, and organizations carry them out. In reality, however, many changes mandated by executives never get implemented; instead, they get swallowed up in corporate bureaucracies. The problem is not new—executives have been frustrated by corporate unresponsiveness for years—but its consequences in the computer age are much more dire: corporations that cannot keep pace with their leaders will fail. Some corporations have installed change agents to bridge the gap between planning and implementation. This article explains why MIS executives are uniquely positioned to fill this emerging role.     

Understanding the impact of social media usage among organizations

This study investigates the antecedents and impact of social media usage in organizations. This study uses the technology, organization, and environment framework and includes certain antecedent factors that are specific to social media usage in organizations. The items to measure different purposes of social media usage in organizations were developed, which contribute to the enhancement of social media usage measurement. This study develops and tests an integrated model that contributes to the scholarly research on social media and information systems. The study also helps organizations to understand the benefits of social media usage and provides a justification for investments in social media by organizations.     

Japanese educational and learning systems in the post-industrial society: A value chain of educational and learning systems

Japan's educational system has some major problems. The most important among these concerns is the basic concept of the educational process and the goal of education. The old concept of public educational systems has become outdated in today's Japanese society, although this concept had supported social and spiritual faith, economic success and selfless devotion to one's country for more than 100 years. Now, Japanese people need a new concept of the educational process and the goal of education for the twenty-first century. The paper proposes a value chain of educational and learning systems aimed at building a network consisting of multiple fields for fostering future human resources.     

Expert systems in organizations: Legal and ethical considerations

Information technology is not only driving productivity worldwide, but also is creating many structural and processing changes within organizations. Alterations in people's work habits and in their relationships in the workplace create many questions, which may become critical organizational problems in the future if they are not identified early. These questions are ethical or legal in nature, and their understanding is vitally important Within the realm of artificial intelligence systems, a significant amount of attention is received by the domain of expert systems, which enhance or replace existing organizational decision‐making processes. This article highlights some of the basic considerations arising within the organizational setting as a result of expert systems utilization.     

The MIS Managers New Role as Effective Communicator

The increasing number of computer-literate users in an organization is making the MIS staffs need to foster better interpersonal communication with end-users more apparent. MIS must ensure that effective communication channels are established with all areas of the organization to supply the timely information needed to solve business problems.     

The MIS Managers New Role as Effective Communicator

The increasing number of computer-literate users in an organization is making the MIS staffs need to foster better interpersonal communication with end-users more apparent. MIS must ensure that effective communication channels are established with all areas of the organization to supply the timely information needed to solve business problems.     

Web accessibility implementation in private sector organizations: motivations and business impact

Despite the prominence of the World Wide Web in people’s everyday lives, most Web presences in private sector organizations still fail to comply with contemporary accessibility standards. As a consequence, a large group of users—i.e., people with impairments—are excluded from accessing these Web presences. In order to explain the managerial rationale, an exploratory case study was conducted in three industry sectors. The results of the analysis shed light on organizations’ motivations to implement or reject Web accessibility standards, reveal positive and negative consequences of implementation, and provide in-depth insights into the determinants for successful and unsuccessful Web accessibility implementation. This study supports organizations in making better decisions on the implementation of Web accessibility.