面板材料对泡沫铝夹芯梁抗冲击性能的影响

为考查泡沫铝夹芯梁面板材料对其抗冲击性能的影响,运用数值模拟方法计算了相同重量下面板材料分别为304#不锈钢、工业纯铝和HRB335级钢三种泡沫铝夹芯梁在不同冲量作用下的动力响应;分析了面板材料对泡沫铝夹芯梁跨中变形及芯材压缩应变的影响。结果显示,在冲量相同的情况下,面板材料对泡沫铝夹芯梁的抗冲击性能有一定的影响;爆炸荷载冲量越大,芯材的压缩应变越大,而且面板材料对压缩应变的这种影响也相应地增大。在较大的冲量作用下,HRB335级钢面板泡沫铝夹芯梁的跨中位移及芯材压缩应变都是三者中最小的。     

两端固支泡沫铝夹芯梁在冲击荷载作用下的动力响应

提出两端固支泡沫铝夹芯梁在跨中受到冲击荷载作用下动力响应的简化理论计算方法。运用该方法及有限元软件LS-DYNA分别计算了泡沫铝夹芯梁在冲击荷载作用下的动力响应,着重考查了面板材料及芯材厚度对泡沫铝夹芯梁跨中位移的影响情况。并通过试验测量结果对理论计算结果及数值模拟结果进行了验证。研究显示,在不同冲量作用下,泡沫铝夹芯梁跨中位移理论值与实验结果两者符合程度较好,最大误差仅为14%;HRB335级钢面板泡沫铝夹芯梁较304#不锈钢面板泡沫铝夹芯梁在相同冲量作用下具有更小的跨中位移;芯材厚度的增加对提高泡沫铝夹芯梁抵抗冲击荷载的性能也有一定的贡献,夹芯梁芯材厚度由10mm增加至20mm,其跨中位移减小了33%左右。     

泡沫铝夹芯梁抗爆性能的数值模拟分析

运用有限元软件LS-DYNA分析重量相同的2种材料梁在爆炸荷载作用下的动力响应,其中一种由304#不锈钢面板与泡沫铝芯材复合而成的夹芯梁,另一种由304#不锈钢单一材料制成的实体梁.对比了相同重量2种梁在跨中位移的变化情况,并将泡沫铝夹芯梁的计算结果与文献实验数据作了对比分析.结果显示,在冲量分别为1.83 kNs/m2、3.77 kNs/m2、6.08 kNs/m2及7.0 kNs/m2动荷载作用下,304#不锈钢实体梁的跨中位移分别是304#不锈钢面板泡沫铝夹芯梁跨中位移的1.1倍、1.35倍、1.26倍及1.14倍.由此可知,相同重量304#不锈钢面板泡沫铝夹芯梁较304#不锈钢实体梁具有更好抵抗爆炸荷载作用的能力.     

芳纶纤维增韧碳纤维泡沫金属夹芯梁压缩性能及界面性能

为研究芳纶短纤维对复合材料夹芯材料/结构的界面及性能的影响,对具有芳纶短纤维增韧界面的碳纤维-泡沫铝夹芯梁进行了试验和细观增韧机制研究.在夹芯梁制备过程中,在碳纤维-泡沫铝界面加入低密度芳纶短纤维薄膜,通过短纤维的桥联作用,提高夹芯梁的界面黏接性能.研究了芳纶纤维增韧对夹芯梁面内压缩性能和破坏模态的影响,采用非对称双悬臂梁(ADCB)试验测量了不同增韧参数条件下,碳纤维表板与泡沫铝芯体之间的临界能量释放率.试验结果显示:在相同增韧参数条件下,Kevlar纤维增韧夹芯梁的面内压缩性能和界面临界能量释放率均较好,而混杂长度Kevlar纤维的界面增韧效果最优.通过对试件断面的SEM观测,分析了芳纶纤维增韧的细观增韧机制.     

点阵材料夹芯简支梁在冲击载荷下的动力响应

首先给出了两端可移点阵材料夹芯简支梁受到均布冲击载荷时的刚塑性动力响应分析,然后将理论预测的夹芯梁中点的最大挠度和结构响应时间与有限元结果进行了比较,理论预测结果与有限元计算结果一致性较好。通过与质量和材料相同的单层实心梁进行对比分析,证实了点阵材料夹芯简支梁具有很好的抗冲击性能。通过对四棱锥夹芯简支梁进行拓扑构型设计,发现两端可移夹芯简支梁的最大挠度和结构响应时间对芯层的相对密度和相对厚度、面板与杆元的夹角十分敏感。随着夹芯梁所承受的单位面积冲量增大 , 夹芯梁中点的挠度增大。通过对由应变率敏感的304不锈钢制成的四棱锥桁架夹芯梁进行精细有限元分析,发现当考虑应变率效应时,梁的最大挠度小于不考虑应变率时的最大挠度。     

泡沫铝夹芯圆筒抗爆性能研究

在验证了所用方法有效性的基础上,采用有限元软件LS-DYNA分析了重量相同、由A3钢和闭孔泡沫铝制成的夹芯圆筒与由A3钢制成的实体圆筒在3种不同爆炸载荷作用下的动力响应,同时分析了5种不同夹芯圆筒的抗爆性能。结果表明,在相同爆炸载荷的条件下,无论是在变形还是在能量吸收方面,夹芯圆筒都优于相同重量的实体圆筒;对于夹芯圆筒,内面板厚度应不大于外面板厚度,这样能在降低夹芯圆筒整体变形的同时发挥泡沫铝芯层的吸能优势。     

泡沫铝衰减冲击波峰值压力的理论及数值分析

为比较系统地了解表面粘贴泡沫铝及其夹芯层对结构上作用冲击波峰值压力的衰减性能与影响因素,运用理论及数值模拟方法分析了泡沫铝及其夹芯层衰减冲击波峰值压力的性能。并讨论了影响泡沫铝及其夹芯层衰减冲击波峰值压力的几个主要因素。研究结果显示,在达到压实应变之前,表面粘贴泡沫铝及其夹芯层能有效地衰减冲击波的峰值压力。达到压实应变后,泡沫铝及其夹芯层对冲击波峰值压力的衰减性能下降。孔洞形式、相对密度对泡沫铝衰减冲击波峰值压力具有明显地影响,面板材料对泡沫铝夹芯层衰减冲击波峰值压力的性能也有一定的影响。要取得较好地衰减冲击波峰值压力的性能需综合考虑以上因素进行优化设计,否则可能出现粘贴的泡沫铝或其夹芯层达不到衰减结构上冲击波峰值压力的目的。     

泡沫铝夹芯结构对中低速FSP的抗侵彻特性研究

为研究泡沫铝夹芯结构的不同组合形式在中低速FSP侵彻下的抗弹性能及破坏机理,开展了系列弹道试验,分析了夹芯结构的破坏模式,得到了前后面板厚度大小、后面板分层对夹芯结构抗弹性能的影响。研究结果表明:在中低速FSP侵彻下,泡沫铝芯材发生了胞壁的绝热剪切破坏,其背弹面发生明显的撕裂破坏;前面板发生绝热剪切破坏,弹孔周围产生明显的碟形弯曲变形;后面板发生塑性变形和拉伸破坏,后面板较薄时,还相应出现花瓣开裂现象。在总面密度相同的情形下,夹芯结构的后面板越厚,整体单位面密度吸能越高,抗弹性能越好;将后面板分层后,整体抗弹性能较不分层有所提高。     

泡沫芯层夹层结构水下爆炸冲击特性研究

研究分析了用于提高水下结构抗冲击性能的泡沫芯层夹层结构受水下爆炸作用时的冲击响应及其流固耦合问题。着重讨论了芯层相对密度不同时,夹层结构的前面板壁压、夹层结构入射冲量、前后面板的速度和加速度、后面板支撑反力等参量的变化规律,并讨论了前面板材料对夹层结构冲击响应的影响规律。     

碳纤维铝蜂窝夹芯复合结构隔声性能研究

铝蜂窝夹芯复合结构在航空工业、高速列车及汽车车体中得到越来越多的应用,其隔声性能对车内及机舱噪声有重要影响。建立了碳纤维铝蜂窝夹芯复合结构有限单元模型,用有限单元法计算了结构在声载荷激励下的响应,并计算分析了复合结构的隔声性能,分析了碳纤维复合面板厚度、面板层数、铺设角度、铝蜂窝芯层的厚度、铝蜂窝壁厚对隔声性能的影响。研究结果表明,面板采用碳纤维复合结构时,在小于1 000 Hz的低频段,相同面板厚度的铝蜂窝复合结构隔声性能比全铝合金材料的铝蜂窝夹芯复合结构有所降低,而且在高频段会出现隔声量更低的隔声低谷;相较于铝合金面板,复合结构的面板采用碳纤维复合材料时,能够实现整体结构轻量化也提高复合结构的隔声性能;各层之间按相对90°铺设时复合结构隔声性能最好;随着面板厚度的增加复合结构隔声性能增加,面板层总厚度不变的情况下,单层面板或者过多的层数都会使复合结构隔声性能降低。     

The structural response of clamped sandwich beams subjected to impact loading

The structural response of dynamically loaded monolithic and sandwich beams made of aluminum skins with different cores is determined by loading the end-clamped beams at mid-span with metal foam projectiles. The sandwich beams comprise aluminum honeycomb cores and closed-cell aluminum foam cores. Laser displacement transducer was used to measure the permanent transverse deflection of the back face mid-point of the beams. The resistance to shock loading is evaluated by the permanent deflection at the mid-span of the beams for a fixed magnitude of applied impulse and mass of beam. It is found that sandwich beams with two kind cores under impact loading can fail in different modes. Experimental results show the sandwich beams with aluminum honeycomb cores present mainly large global deformation, while the foam core sandwich beams tend to local deformation and failure, but all the sandwich beams had a higher shock resistance, then the monolithic beam. For each type of beams, the dependence of transverse deflection upon the magnitude of the applied impulse is measured. Moreover, the effects of face thickness and core thickness on the failure and deformation modes were discussed. Results indicated that the structural response of sandwich beams is sensitive to applied impulse and structural configuration. The experimental results are of worth to optimum design of cellular metallic sandwich structures.     

Dynamic response of clamped sandwich beam with aluminium alloy foam core subjected to impact loading

The dynamic response of clamped sandwich beam with aluminium alloy open-cell foam core subjected to impact loading is investigated in the paper. The face sheet and the core of the sandwich beam have the different thickness. And the sandwich beam is impacted by a steel projectile in the mid-span. The impact force is recorded by using accelerometer. The results show that tensile crack and core shear are the dominant failure modes. And the impact velocity and the thickness of the face sheet and the foam core have a significant influence on the failure modes and the impact forces. Combining with the inertia effect and experimental results, the failure mechanisms of the sandwich beams are discussed. The thickness of the foam core plays an important role in the failure mechanism of the sandwich beam. In present paper, the failure of the sandwich beam with a thin core is dominated by the bending moment, while the sandwich beam with a thick core fails by bending deformation in the front face sheet and the bottom face sheet in opposite direction due to the plastic hinges in the front face sheet.     

Non-linear indentation behavior of foam core sandwich composite materials—A 2D approach

Light weight high performance sandwich composite materials have been used more and more frequently in various load bearing applications in recent decades. However, sandwich materials with thin composite face sheets and a low density foam core are notoriously sensitive to failure by localized external loads. These loads induce significant local deflections of the loaded face sheet into the core of the sandwich composite material, thus causing high stress concentrations. As a result, a complex multiaxial stressed and strained state can be obtained in the area of localized load application. Another important consequence of the highly localized external loads is the formation of a residual dent in the face sheet (a geometrical imperfection) that can reduce significantly the post-indentation load bearing capacity of the sandwich structure.This paper addresses the elastic–plastic response of sandwich composite beams with a foam core to local static loading. The study deals with a 2D configuration, where a sandwich beam is indented by a steel cylinder across the whole width of the specimen. The ABAQUS finite element package is used to model the indentation response of the beams. Both physical and geometrical non-linearities are taken into account. The plastic response of the foam core is modeled by the ¹CRUSHABLE FOAM and the ¹CRUSHABLE FOAM HARDENING option of the ABAQUS code. The purpose of the numerical modeling is to develop correct 2D simulations of the non-linear response in order to further understand the failure modes caused by static indentation. In order to verify the finite element model, indentation tests are performed on sandwich composite beams using a cylindrical indentor. The numerical results show good agreement with experimental test data.     

The Effect of Load and Geometry on the Failure Modes of Sandwich Beams

Facing compressive failure, facing wrinkling and core shear failure are the most commonly encountered failure modes in sandwich beams with facings made of composite materials. The occurrence and sequence of these failure modes depends on the geometrical dimensions, the form of loading and type of support of the beam. In this paper the above three failure modes in sandwich beams with facings made of carbon/epoxy composites and cores made of aluminum honeycomb and two types of foam have been investigated. Two types of beams, the simply supported and the cantilever have been considered. Loading included concentrated, uniform and triangular. It was found that in beams with foam core facing wrinkling and core shear failure occur, whereas in beams with honeycomb core facing compressive failure and core shear crimping take place. Results were obtained for the dependence of failure mode on the geometry of the beam and the type of loading. The critical beam spans for failure mode transition from core shear to wrinkling failure were established. It was found that initiation of a particular failure mode depends on the properties of the facing and core materials, the geometrical configuration, the type of support and loading of sandwich beams.     

泡沫铝夹芯板抗冲击性能分析

试验设计了3块钢板夹泡沫铝夹芯板,厚度分别为50 mm、70 mm和100 mm。对每种厚度夹芯板进行七组不同落锤高度的冲击试验,测得了上、下面板变形值,记录了夹芯板的破坏情况。应用数值模拟软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA进一步还原夹芯板冲击过程,导出了面板与芯材的吸能占比。基于假设的夹芯板理论模型,给出了平均冲击荷载、局部变形和整体变形最大值的估算公式。结果表明:当夹芯板尺寸和材料强度一定时,局部变形值与落锤高度的平方根成正比,整体变形最大值、平均冲击力均与落锤高度的平方根成线性关系。夹芯板的抗冲击性能主要依靠增大泡沫铝芯层的变形进行耗能,芯层越厚,泡沫铝吸能占比越大,局部变形越小,夹芯板受到的冲击力越大。     

钢板夹泡沫铝组合板抗爆性能研究

鉴于泡沫铝材料优异的吸能特性和夹层结构在强度、刚度上的优势,提出了分层结构为钢板-泡沫铝芯层-钢板的抗爆组合板。对厚度为10 cm、7 cm和5 cm的组合板进行了5组不同装药量的爆炸试验,考察了各板在不同装药量爆炸条件下的变形及破坏情况,并对变形破坏过程进行了理论分析。研究表明:组合板承受爆炸冲击荷载时,通过局部压缩变形和整体弯曲变形吸收能量。钢板相同时,适当增大泡沫铝芯层厚度,增强面板与芯层间连接,可提高该组合板的抗爆性能,防止组合板发生剥离,减小其承受爆炸冲击荷载时产生的变形。     

齿板-玻璃纤维/聚氨酯泡沫芯夹层梁的低速冲击性能

提出了一种由齿板-玻璃纤维（TP-GF）混合面板和聚氨酯（PU）泡沫芯材组成的新型TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁,结构中金属板通过齿钉压入GF与内部芯材连接,该夹层梁采用真空导入模压工艺制作。通过低速冲击试验,研究了不同冲击能量、纤维厚度和泡沫密度下TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁的冲击响应和损伤模式,并与普通的夹层梁进行了对比分析;通过双悬臂梁试验研究了混合夹层梁的界面性能,计算了夹层梁的应变能释放率。结果表明:在22 J、33 J、44 J能量冲击下,泡沫芯材密度为150 kg/m3的TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁的最大接触力较普通夹层梁分别提高了31.2%、48.6%、33.3%,冲击能量吸收分别增加了17.2%、11.3%、15.5%;随着冲击能量、面板纤维层数及芯材密度的增加,TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁最大接触力增大,密度较低的TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁损伤形式主要为面板的局部弯曲,而芯材密度较高的TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁则以穿透损伤为主;增加泡沫芯材密度和面板纤维厚度能够提高TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁的抗冲击性能,随着芯材密度的增大TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁的应变能释放率峰值越高,界面性能越好。      

含泡沫铝芯的复合板弯曲疲劳行为的研究

应用表面位移原位分析技术对由泡沫金属铝芯和金属面板组成的三层复合板在循环弯曲载荷条件下的损伤行为进行了观察和研究。循环弯曲载荷条件下复合板失效的基本方式是表面凹陷（Indentation，ID）和泡沫铝内芯切断（Coreshear，CS）。凹陷型失效是与加载压头接触的复合板表面局部压缩密切相关，该处沿垂直方向的压缩应变最大。内芯切断型失效是泡沫铝内芯中切应变最大的区域发生的剪切破坏。在疲劳应力比R=0时，复合板凹陷型失效的疲劳极限高于内芯切断型失效的疲劳极限。     

Balsa芯材夹层梁的失效分析

通过三点弯曲试验,分析了Balsa木芯材夹层梁的破坏模式.夹层梁发生了芯材剪切、面板拉伸/受压破坏、屈曲破坏.由测试结果发现,Balsa木火层梁的承载力远低于理论计算,且破坏模式也与一般情况有差别.采用有限元方法,考虑了夹层结构的初始缺陷和材料的各向异性,建立了一系列有限元分析模型,对夹层梁的承载失效问题进行了分析计算...