自烧结C、TiC／C和SiC－B_4C／C材料的热处理行为

本文研究了自烧结Ｃ、ＴｉＣ／Ｃ和ＳｉＣ－Ｂ４Ｃ／Ｃ材料高温处理后的行为变化。实验发现随着处理温度的升高，各类材料的收缩率和重量损失随之增加，自烧结Ｃ和ＴｉＣ／Ｃ材料的弯曲强度逐渐下降，而ＳｉＣ－Ｂ４Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料的弯曲强度在２２７３Ｋ时达到一个最高值。     

自烧结C,TiC／C和SiC—B4C／C材料的热处理行为

本文研究了自烧结Ｃ，ＴｉＣ／Ｃ和ＳｉＣ－Ｂ４Ｃ／Ｃ材料高处理后的行为变化，实验发现随着处理温度的升高，各类材料的收缩率和重量损失随之增加，自烧结Ｃ和ＴｉＣ／Ｃ材料的弯曲强度逐渐下降，而ＳｉＣ－Ｂ４Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料的弯曲强度在２２７３Ｋ时达到一个最高值。     

TiC对C—B4C—SiC复合材料显微结构与性能的影响

本文就烧结助剂ＴｉＣ对Ｃ—Ｂ４Ｃ—ＳｉＣ炭／陶复合材料显微结构与性能的影响进行了研究，结果表明ＴｉＣ在烧结过程中发生了固相反应，在晶界生成了ＴｉＢ２，有效地促进了Ｃ—Ｂ４Ｃ—ＳｉＣ复合材料的烧结，抑制了晶粒的长大，使复合材料密度与强度大幅度地增加，电阻率下降；同时ＴｉＢ２在氧化时生成致密的ＴｉＯ２，包裹了易氧化的Ｂ４Ｃ和Ｃ，使制品难氧化，从而大大提高了制品的抗氧化性能。     

C／SiC复合材料的氧化行为研究

论述了ＳｉＣ的两种氧化行为－活性氧化和惰性氧化以及ＳｉＣ发生惰性氧化时Ｃ／ＳｉＣ复合材料的氧化行为，通过热重分析和电镜观察分析研究了温度，时间，氧含量等因素对抗氧化性能的影响；并对Ｃ／ＳｉＣ复合材料的氧化机理进行了探讨。     

AlN／SiCw（Y2O3＋SiO2）复合材料热处理增强研究

研究了热处理对ＡｌＮ／ＳｉＣｗ（Ｙ２Ｏ３＋ＳｉＯ２）复合材料机械性能的影响。结果表明，该材料经热处理后的强度提高，当添加剂Ｙ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＯ２＝１／２．５摩尔比时，提高幅度最大。经ＸＲＤ，ＳＥＭ，ＴＥＭ／ＥＤＡＸ和ＨＲＥＭ分析，热处理增强的机理主要是粒界玻璃相在高温氧化气氛中和ＡｌＮ颗粒表层作用，生成的纤维２Ｈ＾δＳｉａｌｏｎ相和ＳｉＣｗ形成空间交错结构。     

C/C-SiC梯度基复合材料氧化行为研究

研究比较了Ｃ／Ｃ－ＳｉＣ梯度基复合材料和Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料的氧化行为．实验结果表明：ＳｉＣ通过占据表面活性点提高了共沉积基体的氧化起始温度;由于减少了碳与氧的接触面积,阻挡氧化凹坑的扩展,降低了材料的氧化质量损失速率．利用ＳＥＭ观察了梯度基复合材料微观氧化过程     

C-B4C-SiC与Ti组分的原位反应及热压烧结

以炭黑、炭纤维、Ｂ４Ｃ、ＳｉＣ、Ｓｉ、ＴｉＯ２和ＴｉＣ为原料制备了不同ＴｉＯ２和ＴｉＣ含量的炭／陶复合材料,采用原位合成及热压技术研究了不同ＴｉＯ２和ＴｉＣ含量对多组分炭／陶复合材料的组成、结构和性能的影响。在烧结过程中ＴｉＯ２和ＴｉＣ与Ｂ４Ｃ反应原位生成ＴｉＢ２,Ｓｉ和ＴｉＯ２分别与Ｃ反应生成ＳｉＣ和ＴｉＣ,这些陶瓷相的生成对提高炭／陶复合材料的力学性能有显著作用。加入ＴｉＯ２能使炭／陶复合材料在较低的温度下实现致密化烧结,获得了抗弯强度达４３０ＭＰａ的炭／陶复合材料     

人工神经网络用于炭/炭复合材料CVD SiC涂层的研究

炭／炭复合材料抗氧化涂层是该材料可否用于高温结构件的关键。将人工神经网络用于ＣＶＤＳｉＣ抗氧化涂层的建模,试图解决该过程影响因素复杂、数学模型难于建立、无法对整个过程进行有效预测和控制的问题。初步探讨表明,采用人工神经网络建模,可以比较确切与全面地反映ＣＶＤＳｉＣ涂层过程的影响因素和内在规律,预测的工艺参数与沉积速率的关系同实验结果吻合较好,由此证实了将人工神经网络应用于抗氧化涂层制备系统是可行的     

SiCw／涂层／TZP陶瓷复合材料界面化学键的XPS和IR研究

本文用ＸＰＳ和ＩＲ测定了ＳｉＣｗ／（Ａｌ２Ｏ３，莫来石）涂层／ＴＺＰ陶瓷复合材料的界面化学键。结果表明ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３、莫来石、ＴＺＰ界面为化学结合而Ａｌ２Ｏ３、莫来石／ＴＺＰ界面为物理结合。     

碳化硅晶须增强氮化铝复合材料的机械性能和界面研究

本研究应用热压工艺制备了致密ＳｉＣｗ／ＡｌＮ复合材料，其晶须的质量含量为１０％～３０％。当复合材料中晶须的质量含量达到３０％时，其弯曲强度增加了８５％，韧性提高了５０％。用ＳＥＭ和ＴＥＭ观察了材料的显微结构，指出弯曲强度增加是由于荷载从基体转移到晶须。断裂韧性的增加是由于裂纹偏转、裂纹分支和钉扎等作用引起。用ＨＲＥＭ对ＡｌＮ基体与ＳｉＣ晶须界面进行了初步分析和研究。     

Oxidation behavior of oxidation protective coatings for PIP-C/SiC composites at 1500 °C

Three-dimensional carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide (C/SiC) composites were fabricated by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) with polycarbosilane as the matrix precursor, SiC coating prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and ZrB₂-SiC/SiC coating prepared by CVD with slurry painting were applied on C/SiC composites, respectively. The oxidation of three samples at 1500 °C was compared and their microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated. The results show that the C/SiC without coating is distorted quickly. The mass loss of SiC coating coated sample is 4.6% after 2 h oxidation and the sample with ZrB₂-SiC/SiC multilayer coating only has 0.4% mass loss even after oxidation. ZrB₂-SiC/SiC multilayer coating can provide longtime protection for C/SiC composites. The mode of the fracture behavior of C/SiC composites was also changed. When with coating, the fracture mode of C/SiC composites became brittle. When after oxidation, the fracture mode of C/SiC composites without and with coating also became brittle.     

炭／炭复合材料SiC／Mo（Six，Al1-x）2涂层形成机理与抗高温氧化性能

采用高温包渗技术在炭／炭复合材料表面制备了SiC／Mo（Six,Al1-x）2复合涂层,采用两步反应法研究了复合涂层的生成机理。发现复合涂层是由Si、Al2O3、SiC、MoSi2原始粉末材料与基体炭材料经过复杂化学反应生成的SiC、Mo（SixAl1-x）2以及微量Mo4．8Si3C0．6固溶体组成。在较低温度下（〈1750℃）,单质硅与基体碳的液-固相反应,经过2小时后可以在炭／炭复合材料表面和内部孔隙表面生成致密的SiC过渡涂层;在较高温度下（≤2000℃）,SiC、Al2O3和MoSi2间的反应较为复杂,其主要过程为SiC与Al2O3间生成液体硅、液体铝和气态SiO、Al2O的多相反应,该反应生成的液体铝能够与MoSi2颗粒发生置换反应,生成熔点降低的Mo（Six,Al1-x）2转移涂层;同时,生成的液体硅与CO反应生成晶须状β—SiC,并与Mo（Six,Al1-x）2形成增强型复合涂层。本文还研究了过量单质Si和SiC对Mo（Six,Al1-x）2的还原反应,化学反应推论与实验结果相吻合。以新提出的涂层生成机理为指导,以粉末原料质量组成为Si10％,Al2O3 10％,SiC54％和MoSi226％时所制得了致密并且无粘结的复合涂层材料,并研究了封孔处理后复合材料的抗氧化性能。     

基体改性对SiC/SiC复合材料高温抗氧化性能的影响

采用先驱体浸渍-裂解工艺结合三种基体改性方式制备了SiC/SiC复合材料,通过形貌分析和力学性能测试,分析了基体改性对Si C/SiC复合材料高温抗氧化性能的影响。研究表明,经1200℃静态空气氧化100h后,三种基体改性的复合材料弯曲强度几乎没有下降,氧化200h后,弯曲强度保留率均可达到80%;氧化300h后,复合材料内部结构没有氧化现象,表面区域界面层的氧化程度降低。改性基体中的B元素氧化生成液相封填SiC涂层表面,延缓了SiC涂层的氧化进程,并阻止氧化介质进入复合材料内部,保护纤维和界面层,从而使SiC/SiC复合材料的长时静态高温抗氧化性能明显提高。     

Oxidation behavior and high-temperature flexural property of CVD-SiC-coated PIP-C/SiC composites

Polymer infiltration pyrolysis (PIP) was used to prepare carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide (C/SiC) composites, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was employed to fabricate SiC coating. The oxidation behavior at 1700?°C and the flexural property at 1200?°C were tested. SiC coating exerted remarkable oxidation effects on PIP-C/SiC composites. In the absence of coating, PIP-C/SiC composites lost 29.2% of its mass, with merely 6.74% of the original flexural strength retained. In contrast, CVD-SiC coated PIP-C/SiC composites had the mass loss of 10.2% and the flexural strength retention ratio of 23.4%. In high-temperature tests, SiC coating played an important role in the flexural strength of PIP-C/SiC composites. The flexural strength of uncoated composites became 330.7?MPa, and that of coated ones reduced from 655.3 to 531.2?MPa.     

化学气相渗C／SiC材料结构与性能的研究

采用碳布层叠然后用化学气相渗方法制备了Ｃ／ＳｉＣ复合材料，这种材料纤维与基体间的界面是决策材料力学行为的重要因素，带有热解碳作为界面层的Ｃ／ＳｉＣ材料，在断裂进表现出大范围的脱粘，纤维与周围的基体不同发生断裂，有大量的纤维拨出，断口类似毛刷，无界央层材料表现为脆性平面断口，裂纹直接通过纤维和基体向前扩展，没有发生脱粘。     

Strengthening/toughening of 2D C/SiC composites by coating

SiC and SiC_w/SiC coatings were prepared on two-dimensional carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites (2D C/SiC), and strengthening/toughening of the composite by the coatings was investigated. After coating, the density of the C/SiC composites was increased effectively and the mechanical properties were improved significantly. Compared with SiC coating, SiC_w/SiC coating showed the more significant effect on strength/toughness of the composites. Coatings had two effects: surface strengthening and matrix strengthening. The latter was the dominant effect. The surface strengthening can increase the crack initiation stress, while the matrix strengthening can enhance the crack propagation resistance. The former effect increased the strength and the latter effect increased the toughness.     

Dynamic oxidation resistance and residual mechanical strength of ZrB2-CrSi2-SiC-Si/SiC coated C/C composites

To improve oxidation resistance of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites, a multiphase double-layer ZrB₂-CrSi₂-SiC-Si/SiC coating was prepared on the surface of C/C composites by pack cementation. Thermogravimetry analysis showed that the as-prepared coating could provide effective oxidative protection for C/C composites from room temperature to 1490 °C. After thermal cycling between 1500 °C and room temperature, the fracture behaviors of the as-prepared specimens changed and their residual flexural strengths decreased as thermal cycles increased. The specimen after 20 thermal cycles presented pseudo-plastic fracture characteristics and relatively high residual flexural strength (83.1%), while the specimen after 30 thermal cycles failed catastrophically without fiber pullout due to the severe oxidation damage of C/C substrate especially the brittleness of the reinforcement fibers.     

Fatigue of three advanced SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites at 1200°C in air and in steam

High‐temperature mechanical properties and tension‐tension fatigue behavior of three advanced SiC/SiC composites are discussed. The effects of steam on high‐temperature fatigue performance of the ceramic‐matrix composites are evaluated. The three composites consist of a SiC matrix reinforced with laminated, woven SiC (Hi‐Nicalon?) fibers. Composite 1 was processed by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) of SiC into the Hi‐Nicalon? fiber preforms coated with boron nitride (BN) fiber coating. Composite 2 had an oxidation inhibited matrix consisting of alternating layers of silicon carbide and boron carbide and was also processed by CVI. Fiber preforms had pyrolytic carbon fiber coating with boron carbon overlay applied. Composite 3 had a melt‐infiltrated (MI) matrix consolidated by combining CVI‐SiC with SiC particulate slurry and molten silicon infiltration. Fiber preforms had a CVI BN fiber coating applied. Tensile stress‐strain behavior of the three composites was investigated and the tensile properties measured at 1200°C. Tension‐tension fatigue behavior was studied for fatigue stresses ranging from 80 to 160 MPa in air and from 60 to 140 MPa in steam. Fatigue run‐out was defined as 2 × 10⁵ cycles. Presence of steam significantly degraded the fatigue performance of the CVI SiC/SiC composite 1 and of the MI SiC/SiC composite 3, but had little influence on the fatigue performance of the SiC/SiC composite 2 with the oxidation inhibited matrix. The retained tensile properties of all specimens that achieved fatigue run‐out were characterized. Composite microstructure, as well as damage and failure mechanisms were investigated.     

3D C/SiC复合材料的孔隙率与性能的关系

用浸债裂解法（PIP）和均效化学气相渗透法（ICVI）混合工艺制备了3DC／SiC复合材料,研究了3DC／SiC复合材料中基体含量。孔隙分布特征与复合材料性能的关系。结果表明,基体中CVI－SiC相对含量增加,开孔率增加,闭孔率减少,复合材料的弯曲强度和抗氧化性能提高。孔隙对复合材料性能的影响关系是由两种基体的特点、结构、致密化工艺及氧化机理决定的。     

Siliconization elimination for SiC coated C/C composites by a pyrolytic carbon coating and the consequent improvement of the mechanical property and oxidation resistances

Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites have a wide application as the thermal structure materials because of their excellent properties at high temperatures. However, C/C composites are easily oxidized in oxygen-containing environment, which limits their potential applications to a great degree. Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic coating fabricated via pack cementation (PC) was considered as an effective way to protect C/C composites against oxidation. But the mechanical properties of C/C composites were severely damaged due to chemical reaction between the molten silicon and C/C substrate during the preparation of SiC coating by PC. In order to eliminate the siliconization erosion, a pyrolytic carbon (PyC) coating was pre-prepared on C/C composites by the chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) prior to the fabrication of SiC coating. Due to the retardation effect of PyC coating on siliconization erosion, the flexural strength retention of the SiC coated C/C composites with PyC coating increased from 46.27 % to 107.95 % compared with the specimen without PyC coating. Furthermore, the presence of homogeneous and defect-free PyC coating was beneficial to fabricate a compact SiC coating without silicon phase by sufficiently reacting with molten silicon during PC. Therefore, the SiC coated C/C composites with PyC coating had better oxidation resistances under dynamic (between room temperature and 1773 K) and static conditions in air at different temperatures (1773?1973 K).