基于光学定心加工的道威棱镜装配方法

本论文针对如何实现道威棱镜光轴与旋转轴平行,将道威棱镜转像理论与光学定心加工结合,提出了基于光学定心加工的道威棱镜组件装配方法.该方法根据道威棱镜旋转轴偏转时其出射光束发生变化的特性确定道威棱镜光轴,并通过车削的方式保证其镜筒外圆旋转轴与其光轴平行.本文具体提出两种道威棱镜组件定轴方案,分别为平行光管定轴方案以及激光定...     

一种实时消除望远镜图像旋转的方法

利用光线追迹的方法分析了地平式天文望远镜的几面反射镜在望远镜的竖直轴、水平轴转动时所引起的图像旋转,给出了目标图像旋转与望远镜高低方位角之间的函数关系式。并利用别汉棱镜转像的特性在成像光路中加入了实时图像消旋系统。经试验验证,在不同方位角、天顶距情况下采集的目标图像其消旋残差仅为25arcsec,即使在图像边缘处目标图像的消旋残差也小于0．2像素。     

Dove棱镜的加工误差对耦合损耗的影响

平行光束经过有加工误差的Dove棱镜后,在出射面往往会发生角度倾斜和离轴偏差,从而导致利用Dove棱镜制成的光纤旋转连接器的传输耦合损耗增大。对于Dove棱镜的加工误差在耦合损耗方面的影响,本文利用光线追迹的方法对其进行了理论及模拟分析。分析结果显示,由于加工误差带来的耦合损耗随着Dove棱镜的底角误差及其锥体角误差的增加而增大。而后依据理论结果及光纤旋转连接器的需求,设计加工了5块Dove棱镜,测量了其耦合损耗,并对实验测量值进行了修正,进一步验证了理论的正确性。     

一种像旋扫描变焦红外光学系统

基于光学消像旋原理,研究了通过像旋扫描以扩大光学系统视场的途径,并建立了一个设计模型。该模型是一个三次成像的变焦结构,采用了别汉棱镜作为一维扫描器件,为保证不同温度时的成像质量,使用了主动消热差技术。系统采用了480×6的线阵长波红外(7.7~10.3μm)探测器,F数为2.6,线阵长度为12.29 mm,通过像旋扫描获得了半径为探测器线阵长度的圆形总视场,并采用倾斜和偏心探测器的方法实现了冷光阑匹配,其视场为4.4o/17.6o,对应焦距为320/80 mm。系统除别汉棱镜外采用了九片透镜,其中3个非球面。系统在全视场范围内具有接近衍射限的像质。     

采用偏振分不棱镜的光桥式补偿技术

介绍了一种使用偏振分光棱镜的新型光桥式补偿技术，研究了棱镜消光比变化引起的误差。使用该补偿结构的光纤压力传感器实际应用于石油化工门油罐储量计量，其现场运行长期稳定性优于０．２％。     

用于全站仪检定之棱镜的精确定位及控制装置研究

本研究涉及一种用于检定全站仪的棱镜精确定位控制装置及方法,它依靠轴承组件与棱镜安装组件的重力作用,实现棱镜的精确定位,避免了全站仪旋转电机自身的设备误差给棱镜定位带来影响.本文就该定位控制装置的结构及方法,进行试验和分析,结果表明,采用本装置实测,使测量结果得到了改进,数据更加精准.     

采用偏振分光棱镜的光桥式补偿技术

介绍了一种使用偏振分光棱镜的新型光桥式补偿技术。研究了棱镜消光比变化引起的误差。使用该补偿结构的光纤压力传感器已实际应用于石油化工部门油罐储量计量，其现场运行长期稳定性优于０．２％。     

双频激光干涉仪固定棱镜及活动棱镜的合理安装

本文分析了用双频激光干涉仪对仪器（机床）进行位置检测时，干涉仪固定棱镜（参考棱镜）及活动棱镜的安装合理与否对测量结果的影响。     

施密特屋脊棱镜的角度误差分析及加工工艺方法

本文对施密特屋脊棱镜角度误差之间的关系进行了详细分析,并对两种工艺方法进行了比较,给出了提高这种棱镜加工效率的方法。     

智能化V棱镜折射仪测量不确定度分析

简述了V棱镜折射仪的测量原理,智能化改造后的V棱镜折射仪用测角精度更高的角度编码器取代度盘和螺旋线目镜测微仪,用CCD光电瞄准取代目视瞄准,对角度编码器、尤其是儿何角度误差引起的测量不确定度进行了分析和评定.     

Jones matrix for image-rotation prisms

The polarization-transforming properties of rotational prisms are analyzed with polarized light by using the Jones calculus and the exact ray-trace. A general expression of the Jones matrix for a rotational prism is derived, incorporating an explicit dependence on the image-rotation angle or the wave-front-rotation angle. The Jones matrix for the Pechan, Dove, Reversion, and Delta prisms is derived where the explicit dependence on the angle of rotation of the image is given. An experiment with a rotating Dove prism is also conducted to determine the output states of polarization for incident linearly polarized light. Experimental results agree with theoretical expectations.     

两种格兰型钒酸钇棱镜消光比的温度效应

采用实验分析的方法,进行数据对比,以研究温度变化对两种钒酸钇棱镜消光比的影响。结果表明:在温度稳定性上,两种格兰型钒酸钇棱镜都较好,这对钒酸钇棱镜的工程实验应用提供了重要的参考价值。     

Analysis of optical elements with flat boundary surfaces

Optical systems are currently evaluated by use of ray-tracing techniques to extract performance quantities such as aberration and spot size. To improve on the use of optical equations, we formulate various important optical functions using a 4 x 4 homogeneous transformation matrix to design and analyze skew rays that cross flat optical boundary surfaces. We address three important topics: (1) the direction of a reflected or refracted ray is determined according to Snell's law, (2) sensitivity analysis expresses differential changes of reflected or refracted rays in terms of differential changes of incident rays, and (3) aberration of polychromatic light is presented analytically. A solid-glass corner cube and a Pechan prism are used to demonstrate the validity of the developed methodology.     

Image inversion and magnification by negative index prisms

A Dove prism and an anamorphic prism pair are investigated in negative index imaging systems. An equilateral triangular prism with refractive index of -1 operates as a negative index Dove prism that inverts as well as images the incident field. A negative index anamorphic prism pair acts as a negative index imaging system with magnification. The relationship between achievable magnification and aberrations is discussed. Both prism systems can be implemented by using negative index photonic crystals, and their performance is demonstrated numerically by the finite-difference time-domain method. These negative index prism structures enhance the functionalities of negative index flat lenses and broaden the applications of negative index materials.     

光学相关器系统的固化设计与性能分析

小型固化光学相关器,以偏振分光棱镜和反射型傅里叶透镜作为基本部件,并采用透明固体介质填充光学系统的空隙。该系统通过各元件端面相连,简化了校准难度;使用反射型透镜,具有色像差和轴外像差小的优势。模拟分析表明,这种固化结构具有良好的系统性能,并满足识别的需要。     

四通道单模光纤旋转连接器的研制

设计了一种基于道威棱镜的光传输特性的四通道单模光纤旋转连接器,采用锥齿轮行星轮结构实现光信号的旋转耦合,并设计了耦合调整方案;分析道威棱镜光轴与旋转轴不重合带来的耦合损耗,确定道威棱镜的装调精度。最终使四通道单模光纤旋转连接器的技术指标达到了国外同类产品水平,且道威棱镜的通光孔径大,可在结构尺寸不变的情况下直接扩展为八通道单模光纤旋转连接器。     

Facile shape-controlled synthesis of palladium nanostructures on copper for promising Surface-enhanced Raman scattering

In this letter, size-controlled Pd nanocubes, hexagonal prism and Pd dendrites nanostructures were synthesized by a simple galvanic displacement process between Pd ion and Cu. The sizes and morphology of Pd nanostructures could be controlled by simply regulating the reaction parameters, such as concentration of palladium dichloride, reaction time and types of surfactant. A possible formation mechanism of Pd nanocubes was also briefly discussed. Furtherly, Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) investigation demonstrated the nanostructures on copper foils were SERS-active by using 4-aminothiophenol (PATP) as probe molecule. We believe the unique Pd nanostructures on copper foils would be a flexible and promising SERS substrate.