Influence of Cold Rolling Reduction on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TWIP Steel

The influence of cold rolling reduction on microstructure and mechanical properties of the TWIP (ttwinning induced plasticity) steel was investigated. The results indicated that the steel had better comprehensive mechanical properties when cold rolling reduction was about 65.0% and the annealing temperature was 1000℃. The tensile strength of the steel is about 640MPa and the yield strength is higher than 255MPa, while the elongation is above 82%. The microstructure is composed of austenitic matrix and annealing twins at room temperature, at the same time, a significant amount of annealing twins and stacking faults are observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Mechanical twins play a dominant role during deformation, and result in excellent mechanical properties.     

退火后Q345钢板冷轧压下率与力学性能的关系

研究了退火后建筑结构Q345钢板冷轧压下率与力学性能的关系。结果表明:当冷轧压下率为60%、70%和80%时,冷轧压下率对试件的综合力学性能的影响不是特别明显,总体力学性能良好。随着压下率的不断增加,晶粒尺寸逐渐变小,组织结构得到不断的细化,试件经再结晶退火后组织特性被遗传了下来。     

冷轧及退火工艺对纯铜力学性能的影响

采用四辊轧机对纯铜进行了多道次冷轧,冷轧后的铜带分别在180 ℃和200 ℃进行退火.分析研究了退火铜带的力学性能变化和变形条件对其塑性、变形抗力及显微硬度的影响,探讨了纯铜的应变硬化机理及退火工艺对冷轧纯铜力学性能的影响机制.结果表明,纯铜经冷轧后强度明显提高,最高值达439.3 MPa,硬度值在84.7～96.0 HV0.01之间;冷轧纯铜退火后的抗拉强度、显微硬度降低,伸长率明显提高,但在200 ℃退火时出现了低温退火硬化效应.     

退火温度对铸轧高磷钢冷带力学性能的影响

在双辊薄带铸轧机上制备了表面质量良好、P含量高达0.15%的新型高磷钢薄带;研究了该高磷钢薄带冷轧后的退火制度及退火温度对其显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,退火温度为750℃时高磷钢冷轧薄带能够获得最佳强塑性组合,其抗拉强度可达435MPa,屈强比为0.72,伸长率可达32.5%,达到常规耐候钢的使用标准。     

Influence of Direct Annealing Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of As-Casting TWIP Steels

The effect of direct annealing on the mechanical properties of twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel as casting condition has been investigated in this work. The results show that the UTS increased by about 50 MPa, from 350 to 400 MPa after direct annealing heat treatment; while elongation increased from 9 to 19%. The increasing of UTS after direct annealing heat treatment can be attributed to the precipitation strengthening effect and twinning-induced plasticity effect. The decrease in SFE of the austenite matrix also plays an important roll on the tensile properties of present TWIP steels in this study.     

冷轧变形对碳钢微观组织和力学性能的影响

对低碳钢进行冷轧变形,研究退火温度与退火时间对不同冷轧变形量低碳钢微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着冷轧变形量的增加,低碳钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度升高,伸长率降低。在相同退火制度下,随着变形量的增加,低碳钢的伸长率先增加后降低。     

连续退火工艺和合金元素对800 MPa级冷轧双相钢组织性能的影响

在实验室试制了800MPa级别的高强度低成本C-Mn-Si系双相钢,研究了双相钢的双相处理工艺、组织和性能.通过对三种不同成分的双相钢在( γ)两相区的加热淬火处理获得了不同比例的F M双相钢钢板,其性能可通过调整双相处理工艺来确定.结果表明,800 MPa级冷轧双相钢最优加热温度为760～800℃,缓冷速度为10℃/s.     

Texture Evolution Behavior and Its Triggered Mechanical Anisotropy of CP Ti During Severe Cold Rolling and Subsequent Annealing

The texture evolution behavior and its triggered mechanical anisotropy of commercially pure titanium(CP Ti) during severe cold rolling and subsequent annealing are discussed based on the optical microscopy and the electron backscattered diffraction analyses. Some enlightening results are found. It is shown that planar textures exist under all treatments, namely the {11–29}10–10 under rolling state, the {11–27}10–10 under 300 °C annealing state and the {11–24}10–10 under 500 °C annealing state. This indicates that the crystal plane indices of planar texture change toward {-12–10} with increasing annealing temperature, which is a result of crystal lattice rotation. Planar texture triggers anisotropy of the mechanical properties for CP Ti sheets under all treatments. In particular, CP Ti sheets exhibit severe and similar anisotropy behavior under rolling and 300 °C annealing states. Generally speaking, the rolling direction(RD) specimens get relatively low yield strength, high ultimate tensile strength and good plasticity, and RD + 45° specimens show relatively high yield strength, low ultimate tensile strength and good plasticity. The transverse direction specimens, however, usually exhibit high yield strength and low plasticity. It is proved that the above anisotropy behavior is mainly determined by the Schmid factor distribution of the(10–10)[11–20] prismatic slip system in different directions. Due to the non-negligible influence exerted by the(0001)[11–20] basal slip system after 500 °C annealing, the anisotropy behavior under this state is obviously different.     

TWIP钢的动态力学性能及变形机制研究

利用Zwick/Roell Z100万能材料试验机和Hopkinson拉杆对TWIP钢进行了准静态及动态力学性能的研究。基于力学实验结果,修正了Johnson-Cook动态本构模型中应变硬化项以及应变强化项。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术对TWIP钢拉伸变形前后的组织进行了观察与分析。结果表明：TWIP钢在准静态加载下表现为负应变率敏感性,动态加载时表现为正应变率敏感性。拉伸过程中,孪生诱发塑性是TWIP钢的主要变形机制,同时滑移也起到重要作用;动态加载下TWIP钢中形变孪晶的起始应变和孪晶体积分数均小于准静态加载过程;形变孪晶的生成以及孪晶相互作用导致的晶粒细化,使TWIP钢兼具高强度、高塑性及高动态吸能性能,在抗冲击、抗爆领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

冷轧及退火工艺对近β钛合金管材组织与力学性能的影响

研究了外径为φ10mm左右的近β钛合金管材冷轧及退火工艺。通过改变冷轧过程中的工艺参数，研究了加工变形量、减壁，减径比（Q值）对近β钛合金管材拉伸力学性能的影响。对冷轧加工管材进行680℃，1h，715℃，1h，750℃，1h，820℃，1h固溶处理后分别水淬（WQ）、空冷（AC）、炉冷（FC），研究了固溶温度、冷却速度对管材显微组织和拉伸力学性能的影响。结果表明：在小变形量下冷扎，管材塑性对形变硬化非常敏感，变形量大于35％后，马氏体转变使得合金塑性有所恢复，管材不适宜在Q值小于2的条件下加工。相变点以上固溶处理后管材屈强比不到0．6，固溶后空冷处理管材具有良好的强度和塑性匹配。     

孪晶诱导塑性(TWIP)钢组织与性能研究现状

对TWIP钢的研究进展进行了综述,介绍了TWIP钢的变形机制、层错能与TWIP效应的关系,TWIP钢热处理工艺以及TWIP钢的力学性能特点。     

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 本文通过模拟退火实验研究了连续退火工艺对冷轧双相钢板组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随均热温度升高,钢板强度首先大幅下降,之后逐渐上升到最高点,然后又有所下降,退火温度应保证均热时得到一定数量的奥氏体,但对于喷气冷却的快速冷却工艺,过高温度产生过多的奥氏体降低了淬透性,不利于钢板力学性能;均热后适当的缓冷可以析出新生铁素体,这有利于双相钢板的塑性。     

冷轧连退线张力控制模型优化策略

针对某钢厂冷轧连退机组生产钢卷规格变化时张力波动问题,提出了张力数学模型及优化算法,将前后带钢张力波动降到最低,保证了生产连续稳定进行。     

剧烈冷拉珠光体钢丝的组织性能演变及其对退火工艺的影响

研究了剧烈冷拉SWRH72B钢丝的组织演变及大变形量对珠光体钢丝球化退火的影响.结果表明,钢丝的抗拉强度和维氏硬度都随真应变的增大呈线性趋势提高;渗碳体片层随真应变的增大逐渐减薄.纵截面渗碳体片层最终趋向沿拉拔轴向排列,横截面珠光体片层发生了剧烈的弯曲和扭转.变形量较大时,渗碳体大量溶解.在不同温度对冷拉钢丝进行球化退火处理,发现随着真应变的增大,有效地降低了钢丝球化退火温度.缩短了球化退火时间.提高了球化均匀度.     

退火工艺对TWIP钢显微组织的影响

对特定成分的TWIP钢进行不同的退火处理,用金相、透射电镜对其拉伸变形前后的组织进行观察和分析.结果表明:退火后有退火孪晶和大量的层错存在,而且随温度的升高,晶粒尺寸变大、孪晶的数量和层错密度也随晶粒尺寸的增加而增大;此外孪晶移动到边界处会受到阻碍,形成非共格的孪晶界面.     

Effect of Annealing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Low-Carbon Medium-Manganese Steel Produced by Heavy Warm Rolling

An ultrafine-grained(UFG) low-carbon medium-manganese steel was fabricated by the heavily warm rolling(HWR) and subsequent quenching, and the effects of annealing temperatures on microstructure and mechanical properties of the UFG HWRed steel were investigated. The results show that the HWRed steel exhibits simultaneous improvements in strength,uniform elongation and work hardening, which is mainly attributed to the refinement of martensitic microstructures. The HWRed steels comprise only a-phase when annealing at lower temperatures below to 550 °C and at higher temperatures above to 700 °C. Whereas, UFG c-austenite is formed by reverse transformation when the HWRed steel was annealed at intermediate temperatures from 550 to 700 °C and the volume fraction increases with increasing annealing temperatures,consequently resulting in a dramatic increase in ductility of the annealed HWRed steels. It was found that the transformed UFG austenite and ferrite remained ～500 nm and ～800 nm in size when the HWRed steel was annealed at 650 and700 °C for 1 h, respectively, showing an excellent thermal stability. Moreover, the HWRed steel annealed at 650 °C exhibits high strength-ductility combinations with a yield strength of 906 MPa, ultimate tensile strength(UTS) of1011 MPa, total elongation(TEL) of 51% and product of strength and elongation(PSE: UTS 9 TEL) of 52 GPa%. It is believed that these excellent comprehensive mechanical properties are closely associated with the UFG austenite formation by reverse transformation and principally attributed to the transformation-induced plasticity(TRIP) effect.     

TWIP钢拉伸过程中微观组织行为及力学性能分析

以Fe-22Mn高锰钢为研究对象,利用实验方法研究了室温和-70℃环境下该材料拉伸后形变组织形貌、加工硬化行为、强度及塑性。结果表明,在室温环境下,Fe-22Mn钢拉伸形变后发生α′-M相变,存在一定的TRIP效应,微观组织中存在细小形变孪晶,材料的力学性能提高。在-70℃环境下,材料拉伸未发生脆性断裂;由于奥氏体形变孪晶的存在,增加了加工硬化率,提高了材料的力学性能。     

热轧及退火对Mg-Zr系阻尼合金组织和性能的影响

研究了热轧及退火对3种Mg-Zr系阻尼合金(Mg-0.6Zr、Mg-0.6Zr-0.4Zn、Mg-0.6Zr-0.4Zn-1.5Cd)组织和性能的影响。结果表明:热轧使晶粒发生明显细化,力学性能获得提高。铸态合金的阻尼性能与应变振幅有关,随着应变振幅的提高而不断提高;经热轧,合金的阻尼性能显著下降,几乎与应变振幅无关;热轧后的退火处理使合金的阻尼性能又有上升,但低于铸态水平。在各种状态下,Mg-0.6Zr-0.4Zn和Mg-0.6Zr-0.4Zn-1.5Cd合金的力学性能明显高于Mg-0.6Zr合金,而铸态时的阻尼性能与Mg-0.6Zr合金的相差不大,但经过热轧及退火之后又有较大差距。Mg-Zr系合金上述阻尼性能的变化可以用Granato-Lücke位错模型来解释。     

冷轧及退火工艺对40MnB钢带状组织的影响

比较了40MnB钢同一退火工艺、不同冷轧压下量试样的带状组织.以及相同压下量、低温退火与高温退火试样带状组织的区别;观察了试样在退火时以不同冷却速度冷却到A_1温度时的显微组织形貌;测试了退火试样力学性能随压下量变化的曲线.结果表明:随冷轧压下量的增加,40MnB钢退火时带状组织是先加重后减轻;高温奥氏体化退火和快速从珠光体、铁素体两相区冷却到A_1线能有效削减带状组织;带状组织不明显的材料力学性能未必优越,退火工艺参数的选择应和冷轧压下量合理匹配.     

Texture Evolution in a Warm-Rolled Ti-IF Steel During Cold Rolling and Annealing

The texture characteristics of a Ti-IF steel in ferritic hot-rolled (warm-rolled), cold-rolled, and annealed status were studied. The hot bands were obtained by finish rolling in ferrite region, coiling at very low temperature, and then directly annealing in industrial trial. It was found that dominates at the surface and is the main component at the midsection in the hot band. The α-fiber at the surface as well as at the midsection intensifies during cold rolling and weakens during annealing, while the changing of γ-fiber depends on the hot band texture during cold rolling, but it absolutely intensifies after a well-advanced state of annealing. Orientations concentrate on increasingly at the surface and continuously rotate to RD-fiber at the midsection as the reduction increases. The average plastic strain ratio, elongation, and strain hardening exponent measured for the cold-rolled and annealed steel increased with improving annealing temperatures.