高强钢焊接箱形柱轴心受压极限承载力试验研究

为了研究高强钢中厚板焊接箱形柱的极限承载力,以11mm厚国产Q460高强钢中厚板制作了7个焊接箱形柱进行轴心受压试验。试件共包含宽厚比8、12、18三种截面,长细比分别为35、50、70。根据试件的实测尺寸、钢材的力学性能建立有限元模型,以初始缺陷的形式考虑了试件的初始挠度、初始偏心及焊接残余应力,分析预测了试件的极限承载力。试验结果表明,高强钢焊接箱形柱稳定系数采用GB 50017-2003《钢结构设计规范》中的c类截面柱子曲线偏保守,试验结果平均曲线更接近b类截面曲线,但仍需进一步验证。分析结果表明,考虑了初始缺陷的有限元模型可准确预测柱的极限承载力,可以作为试验数据的补充。     

Q460高强钢焊接H形柱轴心受压极限承载力参数分析

为了研究现行钢结构设计规范是否仍适用于高强钢中厚板焊接H形柱的设计,采用数值积分法与有限单元法对Q460钢轴心受压柱的极限承载力进行了参数分析。试件的主要参数分别为翼缘宽厚比(3.4⁷.0)与柱长细比(107.0)与柱长细比(10¹30)。数值积分法计算采用作者编制的电算程序,并与通用有限元程序ANSYS的计算结果进行了对比。数值模型考虑了1/1 000柱长的初始弯曲及相应截面的残余应力分布简化模型。计算结果表明:考虑相同初始缺陷的有限单元法与数值积分法所得计算结果吻合较好;Q460高强钢焰割边焊接H形柱与普通强度钢柱相比,其极限承载力对初始几何缺陷的敏感性降低,柱的稳定系数有所提高。通过对比参数分析结果与现行规范,发现当翼缘宽厚比不小于7时,中厚板Q460高强钢焰割边焊接H形柱绕弱轴稳定系数仍可沿用《钢结构设计规范》(GB 50017—2003)中b类截面柱子曲线;当翼缘宽厚比小于7时,应采用c类截面柱子曲线。     

Q460高强钢焊接箱形柱轴心受压力学性能数值分析

为了解国产Q460高强钢焊接箱形柱轴心受压的力学性能,以数值积分法和有限单元法对7个已有焊接箱形柱轴心受压试验进行数值分析。试件宽厚比为8～12,长细比为35～70。数值模型中考虑了实测的初始挠度、初始偏心及简化的残余应力分布模型。分析预测Q460高强钢焊接箱形柱轴心受压的极限承载力和荷载-挠度曲线。数值积分法分析结果与有限元分析结果吻合。为验证数值分析的准确性,将预测结果与已有试验结果进行对比发现,考虑残余应力、初始偏心、初始挠度的数值积分法与有限元分析可以准确地预测Q460钢焊接箱形柱受压力学行为。通过对比采用简化残余应力分布模型与采用实测残余应力分布模型的有限元分析结果,验证简化残余应力分布模型的准确性。     

Q460高强钢焊接箱形压弯构件极限承载力试验研究

为研究Q460高强钢中厚板焊接箱形压弯构件的整体失稳极限承载力,采用11mm厚国产Q460高强钢中厚板制作7个焊接箱形压弯试件,试件截面宽厚比分别为18、12、8,长细比分别为35、55、80。试验内容包括:Q460低合金高强钢的材性试验,三种焊接截面残余应力测试,各试件初始几何缺陷测量及极限承载力试验,从而进行了面内整体失稳压弯构件的极限承载力试验研究;并且把试验结果与我国现行钢结构设计规范计算值相比较。试验研究结果表明:Q460低合金高强钢材性具有高强度,塑性性能良好等特点;Q460高强钢焊接箱形截面残余应力分布形式与普通钢材箱形焊接截面分布基本相同,但是残余应力比降低;压弯构件极限承载力试验结果明显高于现行钢结构规范设计公式计算值,所以应对Q460高强钢焊接箱形压弯构件进行近一步参数分析研究,并得出其实用设计方法。     

高强钢焊接方形截面偏压构件整体和局部相关屈曲承载力分析

采用有限元软件ANSYS分析了Q460钢宽厚比超限的焊接方形截面偏压构件的极限承载力,研究了板件宽厚比、构件长细比和偏心距对构件极限承载力的影响。基于数值模拟结果,提出了适用于Q460钢宽厚比超限焊接方形截面偏压构件极限承载力的计算方法。研究结果表明,考虑几何缺陷及残余应力的有限元模型能准确地预测焊接箱形截面偏压柱局部-整体相关屈曲的极限承载力;宽厚比超限的高强钢压弯构件的Pu/Py与Mu/Mp相关曲线基本为直线,且随着板件宽厚比(或构件长细比)的增大,Pu/Py和Mu/Mp不断下降。提出的建议计算方法与有限元计算结果符合良好。     

Q460钢焊接H形柱轴心受压极限承载力试验研究

为研究Q460高强钢中厚板焊接H形柱的极限承载力,以国产Q460高强钢中厚板制作了6个足尺焊接H形柱进行轴心受压试验。6个H形柱均由火焰切割的21mm厚翼缘板与11mm厚腹板焊接而成。试件的主要参数为宽厚比(翼缘板宽厚比分别为3、5、7)与长细比(绕弱轴长细比分别为40、55、80)。为了考虑初始缺陷对轴压H形柱极限承载力的影响,以同样的焊接工艺制作了相同截面的短柱用于测量残余应力。试验结果表明,Q460高强钢焊接H形柱稳定系数适用于我国现行GB 50017—2003《钢结构设计规范》中b类截面柱子曲线。以试件的实测尺寸、钢材的力学性能建立有限元模型,分析预测试件的极限承载力。有限元模型以初始缺陷的形式考虑试件的初始挠度、初始偏心及焊接残余应力影响。分析结果表明,考虑初始缺陷的有限元模型可以较准确地预测轴心受压柱的极限承载力。     

高强钢焊接箱形柱受力性能研究(Ⅰ)：残余应力统一分布模型

现有高强钢焊接箱形截面残余应力分布模型仅适用于特定强度等级的高强钢,尚缺乏适用于不同强度等级高强钢的残余应力分布模型。为此,基于不同强度等级高强钢焊接箱形截面残余应力的已有试验,研究钢材的强度等级、板件厚度及宽厚比对残余应力分布和峰值的影响,提出不同强度等级高强钢焊接箱形截面的残余应力统一分布模型。该模型采用多重阶梯函数形状,适用于屈服强度460~960MPa的焊接箱形截面,且满足每个板件自平衡条件和对称性。将残余应力统一分布模型的形状、数值和已有试验结果进行对比,证明该模型的准确性。在基于纤维模型的极限承载力数值分析中,分别采用残余应力统一分布模型和已有分布模型计算高强钢焊接箱形柱的受压承载力,并将各自得到的极限承载力与已有试验结果进行对比。研究结果表明,采用残余应力统一分布模型后,不同等级高强钢焊接箱形柱的纤维模型计算能更准确地预测其极限承载力。残余应力统一分布模型可为不同等级高强钢焊接箱形柱的二阶非弹性分析提供参考。     

Q460高强钢焊接H形柱轴心受压力学性能数值分析

为了考察国产Q460高强钢焊接H形柱的轴心受压力学性能,对6个已有焊接H形柱的轴心受压试验进行了数值分析。数值分析采用作者编制的数值积分法电算程序和通用有限元软件ANSYS。以考虑了实测初始挠度、初始偏心及简化残余应力分布的数值模型,计算Q460高强钢焊接H形柱轴心受压的极限承载力与荷载-挠度曲线。发现数值积分法与有限单元法所计算试件的荷载-挠度曲线基本重合。为了验证数值模型的准确性,将数值分析结果与已有试验结果进行对比;并通过对比简化残余应力分布模型与实测残余应力分布对试件极限承载力、荷载-挠度曲线的影响,检验简化残余应力分布模型的准确性。结果表明:考虑了初始几何缺陷及简化残余应力模型的数值积分法与有限单元法均可较为准确地预测Q460钢焊接H形柱的受压力学行为。采用简化残余应力模型预测Q460钢焊接H形柱极限承载力较实测残余应力分布偏保守。     

高强钢焊接薄壁箱形截面双向压弯构件局部和整体相关屈曲试验研究

通过13个Q460C、Q550D和Q690D钢中长柱的双向偏压试验,研究了高强钢焊接薄壁箱形截面双向压弯构件的局部-整体相关屈曲性能和极限承载力;将极限承载力与美国、欧洲规范以及新提出的计算公式的计算结果相比较,以验证它们对高强钢焊接薄壁箱形截面双向压弯构件局部-整体相关屈曲计算的适用性。结果表明,在钢材名义屈服强度fy=460～690 MPa,板件宽厚比b/t=40～70,构件长细比λ=45～79,偏心距ex=ey=20～45 mm范围内,美国规范ANSI/AISC 360-16对较大长细比（λ=79）和Q690D钢较小宽厚比（b/t=40）试件的计算结果偏于保守;欧洲规范BS EN 1993-1-1对较小板件宽厚比（b/t=40）试件的计算结果偏于保守,对其余试件是安全的;使用新提出的有效屈服强度法所得到的计算结果和试验结果吻合良好;新提出的有效截面法对大部分试件的计算结果偏于保守。     

Q460高强度钢材焊接H形截面弱轴压弯柱承载力试验研究

为了研究高强度钢材中厚板焊接H形截面压弯柱的承载力,采用国产Q460高强度钢材11 mm、21 mm中厚板制作了6个焊接H形截面压弯柱,试件截面自由外伸翼缘板宽厚比分别为7、5、3,长细比分别为40、55、80。通过对Q460低合金高强度钢材的材性测试、3种焊接截面残余应力测试、各试件初始几何缺陷测量及承载力试验,进行了H形截面弱轴压弯构件整体失稳承载力的试验研究,并与采用GB 50017-2003《钢结构设计规范》进行计算的承载力对比;同时以理想弹塑性模型,综合考虑试件初始缺陷建立有限元模型,分析计算其承载力。试验及分析结果表明：Q460低合金高强度钢材具有强度高、塑性性能较好等特点;由实测截面残余应力值得到其分布形式与普通钢材焊接H形截面残余应力分布基本相同;高强度钢材焊接H形截面压弯构件承载力试验值明显高于GB 50017-2003设计公式计算值;文中采用的有限元分析方法可以较准确地计算试件的承载力。研究成果为高强度钢材在实际工程中的应用提供试验参考。     

960 MPa高强度钢材轴心受压构件局部稳定试验研究

针对960 MPa高强度钢材轴心受压构件的局部稳定性能,对4个箱形截面试件和4个工字形截面试件进行了轴心受压试验。分析了试件的局部稳定性能,并将试验结果与我国、美国和欧洲钢结构设计规范的相应设计计算结果进行了对比分析,研究各国规范对960 MPa高强度钢材轴心受压构件局部稳定性能设计计算的适用性。研究结果表明：当构件的板件宽厚比相同时,960 MPa高强度钢材构件的局部屈曲后强度要大于460 MPa高强度钢材构件,960 MPa高强度钢材构件应考虑钢材的屈曲后强度;我国现行钢结构设计规范中关于轴心受压构件局部屈曲应力的计算结果不适用于960 MPa高强度钢材构件;在试验钢材板件宽厚比范围内,960 MPa高强度钢材构件的局部屈曲承载力,采用美国规范和欧洲规范的设计计算结果较为准确。     

Strength of slender concrete filled high strength steel box columns

The use of thin walled steel sections coupled with concrete infill has been used on various building projects with great advantage. The currently available international standards for composite structures are limited to the design of concrete filled steel columns with compact sections. However, there is limited research work in the literature available which is concerned with slender concrete filled thin-walled steel columns. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental study of thin walled steel sections utilising high strength steel of a thin walled nature and filled with normal strength concrete. A numerical model is developed herein in order to study the behaviour of slender concrete filled high strength steel columns incorporating material and geometric non-linearities. For this analysis, the equilibrium of the member is investigated in the deformed state, using the idealised stress–strain relationships for both the steel and concrete materials, considering the elastic and plastic ranges. This paper presents both an experimental and theoretical treatment of coupled local and global buckling of concrete filled high strength steel columns sometimes termed interaction buckling. The experimental results of columns with high strength steel casings conducted herein by the authors are used for comparison. The effect of the confined concrete core is also addressed and the method shows good agreement with the experimental results of concrete filled steel columns with compact sections. The behaviour of concrete filled steel slender columns affected by elastic or inelastic local buckling is also investigated and compared with relevant experimental results. The paper then concludes with a design recommendation for the strength evaluation of slender composite columns using high strength steel plates with thin-walled steel sections, paying particular attention to existing codes of practice so as not to deviate from current design methodologies.     

Design of high strength steel columns at elevated temperatures

The main objective of this paper is to study the behaviour and design of high strength steel columns at elevated temperatures using finite element analysis. In this study, equations predicting the yield strength and elastic modulus of high strength steel and mild steel at elevated temperatures are proposed. In addition, stress-strain curve model for high strength steel and mild steel materials at elevated temperatures is also proposed. The numerical analysis was performed on high strength steel columns over a range of column lengths for various temperatures. The nonlinear finite element model was verified against experimental results of columns at normal room and elevated temperatures. The effects of initial local and overall geometrical imperfections have been taken into consideration in the analysis. The material properties and stress-strain curves at elevated temperatures used in the finite element model were obtained from the proposed equations based on the material tests. Two series of box and I-section columns were studied using the finite element analysis to investigate the strength and behaviour of high strength steel columns at elevated temperatures. Both fixed-ended stub columns and pin-ended slender columns were considered. The column strengths predicted from the finite element analysis were compared with the design strengths predicted using the American, European and Australian specifications for hot-rolled steel columns at elevated temperatures by substituting the reduced material properties. In addition, the direct strength method, which was developed for the design of cold-formed steel columns at normal room temperature, was also used in this study to predict the high strength steel column strengths at elevated temperatures. The suitability of these design rules for high strength steel columns at elevated temperatures is assessed. Generally, it is shown that the American and European specifications as well as the direct strength method conservatively predicted the column strengths of high strength steel at elevated temperatures. The European Code predictions are slightly more conservative than the American Specification and the direct strength method predictions.     

高强度等边单角钢轴压构件稳定设计研究回顾与问题探讨

高强度单角钢轴压构件的稳定性能因其材料的屈服强度等力学性能改变而发生变化,因而在稳定设计及其相关研究中会遇到许多新的问题。针对这一现状,结合我国GB 50017-2003《钢结构设计规范》、美国钢结构设计规范ANSI/AISC 360-05和ASCE 10-97等三部规范,对设计规范中宽厚比限值规定的适用性、高强度角钢宽厚比限值制定的必要性、角钢构件长细比的计算,以及现有角钢轴压构件稳定计算的折减方法等问题进行了探讨和算例分析,基于稳定的基本理论和数据结果的对比分析,解释并给出了上述几个问题的确定性结论和需要注意的方面,为高强度单角钢轴压构件稳定设计方法的研究提供了参考。     

高强度结构钢研究现状及其在抗震设防区应用问题

近年来,随着钢材生产工艺的进步及一大批重点工程、标志性建筑的兴建,高强度结构钢在工程中的应用逐渐增长。高强度结构钢与普通强度钢材的力学性能存在明显差异,然而现有设计规范的制定是基于普通强度钢结构的试验与理论研究,其能否适用于高强度钢的结构设计有待进一步研究。首先介绍了高强度结构钢的经济性与其在国内外工程中应用的概况,然后总结了国内外关于高强度结构钢在材料性能、基本构件力学行为、连接与节点性能和抗震设计方面的研究成果与现状。已有的研究结果表明,随着钢材强度的提高,其伸长率下降,屈强比升高,延性变差,阻碍了高强度结构钢在抗震结构中的应用。最后对高强度结构钢在地震设防区应用所面临的问题进行讨论,提出了高强度结构钢在抗震结构中应用的两种思路,并指出未来高强结构钢应用仍需开展的研究工作。     

Q460高强钢焊接箱形截面轴压构件整体稳定性能研究

为研究高强度钢材轴心受压钢柱的整体稳定性能,对5个国产Q460钢材焊接箱形截面柱进行了轴心受压试验研究。试验对试件的几何初弯曲、荷载初偏心以及截面的纵向残余应力分布均进行了测量。基于试验结果,分析了该类钢柱的失稳破坏形态和整体稳定承载力,建立了有限元分析模型并对试验结果进行模拟计算。研究结果表明：试件破坏模态均为整体弯曲失稳形态,大部分试件稳定承载力高于规范设计值;有限元分析模型能够准确地考虑几何初始缺陷和残余应力的影响,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好;通过与国内外钢结构设计规范的对比,提出了国产Q460高强钢焊接箱形截面轴压构件整体稳定设计的建议方法,即可以统一采用我国或欧洲规范的b类曲线进行设计,而不需要按板件宽厚比大小进行分类。     

Numerical simulation of concrete encased steel composite columns

This paper investigates the behaviour of pin-ended axially loaded concrete encased steel composite columns. A nonlinear 3-D finite element model was developed to analyse the inelastic behaviour of steel, concrete, longitudinal and transverse reinforcement bars as well as the effect of concrete confinement of the concrete encased steel composite columns. The interface between the steel section and concrete, the longitudinal and transverse reinforcement bars, and the reinforcement bars and concrete were also considered that allowed the bond behaviour to be modeled and the different components to retain their profile during the deformation of the column. Furthermore, the initial overall (out-of-straightness) geometric imperfection was carefully incorporated in the model. The finite element model has been validated against published experimental results. The main objective of the study was to understand the structural response and modes of failure of the columns and to assess the composite column strengths against current design codes. The study covered slender, non-slender, stub and long concrete encased steel composite columns. The concrete strengths varied from normal to high strength (20-110 MPa). The steel section yield stresses also varied from normal to high strength (275-690 MPa). Furthermore, the variables that influence the composite column behaviour and strength comprising different slenderness ratios, concrete strength and steel yield stress were investigated in a parametric study. It is shown that the increase in structural steel strength has a small effect on the composite column strength for the columns having higher relative slenderness ratios due to the flexural buckling failure mode. The composite column strengths obtained from the finite element analysis were compared with the design strengths calculated using the American Institute for Steel Construction AISC and Eurocode 4 for composite columns. Generally, it is shown that the EC 4 accurately predicted the design strength for the concrete encased steel composite columns having a concrete cylinder strength of 30 MPa and structural steel yield stresses of 275 and 460 MPa, which are in the limits of the code, which otherwise, was generally conservative. The AISC predictions were quite conservative for all the concrete encased steel composite columns.     

高层建筑下部重载柱设计

高层和超高层建筑下部的重载柱内力巨大.广东粤财大厦53层,柱子的轴力已经达到了144000kN,这时应视轴力大小选用高强混凝土、约束混凝土、钢管混凝土和型钢混凝土或其复合柱.作者介绍了我国规范中这些柱的设计方法,对于目前尚无规范可循的复合柱设计,推荐了一个非线性全过程计算机分析方法.最后,以实用设计软件TBSA为例,探讨了含有此类重载柱的结构整体分析方法.