考虑啮合刚度随机扰动的斜齿轮系统分岔特性研究

为了研究时变啮合刚度的随机扰动对斜齿轮传动系统动力学的影响,基于牛顿定律,建立单对6自由度斜齿轮传动系统的随机动力学模型并进行无量纲化处理。结合系统的分岔图、庞加莱映射图、李雅普诺夫指数图、相图和时间历程曲线图,对考虑啮合刚度随机扰动的斜齿轮传动系统的分岔特性进行分析。数值仿真分析结果表明,斜齿轮的时变啮合刚度在不断增大时,斜齿轮传动系统逐渐从周期运动通过倍化分岔变为混沌运动;随机扰动的增大使系统分岔特性发生变化,提前分岔进入混沌,对系统产生本质影响,故在设计时需选择合理参数,保证系统稳定性。     

含间隙和时变啮合刚度齿轮传动系统的分岔和混沌

齿侧间隙和时变啮合刚度的存在,使齿轮传动系统中存在着丰富的非线性动力学行为。基于Poincare映射,建立了两自由度齿轮传动系统的数学模型,并通过数值仿真,说明了齿轮传动系统中存在着倍周期分岔、Hopf分岔和混沌等复杂的非线性现象。分析了系统参数对齿轮动力学行为的影响,进而为消除齿侧间隙和时变啮合刚度引起的非线性动力学行为指明了方向,为齿轮传动系统的优化设计奠定了基础。     

传动比对齿轮时变系统拍击门槛转速的影响

建立了具有时变啮合刚度的二级齿轮系统的动力学方程式。由于齿轮副啮合刚度的影响,动力学方程式代表了一个具有时变系数的线性动力系统。用算符分解算法(AOM)得到了系统的近似解析解,并研究了传动比和时变啮合刚度对拍击门槛转速的影响。根据计算结果分析,时变啮合刚度可以导致拍击;齿轮啮合频率等于派生系统的固有频率引起的共振是产生拍击的原因之一;增大从动齿轮的齿数、或者增大传动比,一般情况下,可导致拍击门槛转速下降;增大低阶模态阻尼,能够增大拍击门槛转速。     

刚度变化下直升机行星齿轮-转子系统非线性动力学

建立了行星齿轮-转子系统的非线性动力学模型,系统模型将内啮合刚度嵌入齿圈刚度进行建模,考虑了转子扭转效应、齿侧间隙、时变啮合刚度和综合传动误差等因素.采用分岔图、最大李雅普诺夫指数(LLE)、庞加莱截面图和相图来分析响应特征.研究齿轮与转子间扭转振动位移响应,分析了旋翼轴与传动轴扭转刚度比变化影响规律.研究发现,系统具有非线性动力学特性,通过准周期分岔和倍周期分岔进入混沌运动,获得了系统避免失稳的刚度比阈值区间.研究为直升机主减速器行星齿轮-转子系统的动力学设计和扭转振动控制提供了参考.     

扭矩波动对齿轮时变系统拍击门槛转速的影响

建立了具有时变啮合刚度的二级齿轮系统的动力学方程式,它是一个具有时变系数的线性动力系统。用算符分解算法(AOM)研究了扭矩波动和时变啮合刚度对拍击门槛转速的影响。根据计算结果发现,时变啮合刚度可以导致拍击;齿轮啮合频率等于派生系统的固有频率引起的共振是产生拍击的原因之一;低速端的扭矩波动对系统拍击门槛转速影响较小,而高速端的扭矩波动对拍击门槛转速影响较大;在大部分情况下,考虑时变啮合刚度的二次谐波分量后,拍击门槛转速稍有下降。     

真实啮合状态面齿轮副时变啮合刚度计算及系统振动特性分析

为了获得面齿轮传动系统真实啮合状态的时变啮合刚度,提出一种能够综合考虑齿面修形和安装误差,运用面齿轮轮齿接触分析(TCA)及承载接触分析(LTCA)技术的时变啮合刚度精确计算方法。构建了面齿轮副的TCA和LTCA模型,采用有限元和数学规划的方法获得轮齿接触变形及齿轮啮合力,计算得到面齿轮副精确时变啮合刚度,进而研究了修形参数对面齿轮系统时变啮合刚度的影响规律;在此基础上,建立了考虑时变啮合刚度以及综合传递误差等内部激励的面齿轮传动系统动力学模型,仿真了精确时变啮合刚度激励下的面齿轮传动系统振动响应,为面齿轮传动系统的动态设计提供了理论参考。     

齿轮系统动力学模型内部激励参数的优化设置研究

时变啮合刚度与齿侧间隙是齿轮传动系统的主要内部激励源,决定了齿轮系统动力学的基本特点和性质。啮合刚度的时变性影响齿轮系统的稳定性、引起系统的参数共振,齿侧间隙则引起系统强烈的非线特性。考虑时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙等激励源,建立了齿轮系统非线性动力学模型,从模型参数设置合理性的新角度阐述时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙对系统动态特性的影响。结果表明:在低速工运行况下,过度简化时变啮合刚度会扼杀由单双齿交替啮合而产生的振动冲击响应;此时齿轮处于单侧啮合状态,在建模时可以不考虑齿侧间隙的影响,以达到简化模型、提高求解效率的目的。而在较高速运行状态下,齿轮处于单边冲击或双边冲击状态,齿侧间隙引起系统强烈的非线性特性,建模时必须考虑齿侧间隙。     

两级定轴齿轮分岔与混沌特性研究

为研究两级定轴齿轮传动系统的混沌振动控制,建立了包含时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙和综合啮合误差等非线性因素的两级齿轮无量纲动力学方程,利用数值方法进行求解,获得系统的分岔图及Poincáre截面,研究系统随激励频率变化的过渡过程,并分析啮合阻尼比对系统分岔与混沌特性的影响。结果表明:两级齿轮系统的过渡过程表现为激变过渡及阵发周期过渡,阻尼的大小会改变混沌区域的大小,两级齿轮在运动过程中同时发生激变,二级齿轮在分岔点的激变相对平稳。     

齿廓误差对齿轮时变系统拍击门槛转速的影响

建立了具有时变啮合刚度的二级齿轮系统的动力学方程式。用算符分解算法（AOM）研究了齿轮啮合误差和时变啮合刚度对拍击门槛转速的影响。结果表明,时变啮合刚度和齿面误差可以导致拍击;齿轮啮合频率、或者齿面误差频率等于派生系统的固有频率引起的共振是产生拍击的原因之一;低速端的齿面误差对系统拍击门槛转速影响较小,而高速端的齿面误差对拍击门槛转速影响较大;齿面误差对拍击门槛转速的影响不仅与自身的变化频率、幅值大小有关,更重要的是与时变频率及其组合频率有关。     

时变速度和阻尼激励下地铁齿轮传动系统的动力学响应分析

为探究地铁不同车速阻尼对传动系统非线性动力学响应的影响,建立地铁斜齿轮弯-扭-轴动力学模型,模型考虑了齿轮副啮合过程中产生的时变啮合刚度、啮合误差以及间隙非线性等系统参数,以及地铁运行工况下的外部参数。通过对六自由度系统微分方程的无量刚处理以及方程归一化,运用变步长四阶Runge-Kutta数值积分法对齿轮动力学模型进行数值分析,获得齿轮系统动态响应状态图。借助时间历程图、相平面图、庞加莱截面图和分岔图等系统状态判定标准,定性分析系统激励频率、啮合阻尼比变化下系统周期运动、拟周期运动、分岔和混沌运动等的演化历程。结果表明,当地铁高速运转、啮合阻尼比大时斜齿轮传动系统运动稳定。最后通过实验验证了其正确性。     

动态切削力对切削颤振的影响

以外圆车削实验为依据,建立加工过程中刀具振动的非线性动力学模型,并采用数值分析方法,研究切削力中的动态分量对切削颤振的影响.结果表明,随速度变化的切削力分量对颤振幅值影响较小,而且会在短时间内被系统内的结构阻尼所衰减.而与加速度成非线性关系的切削力分量对颤振的影响却很显著,而且加速度系数有临界值存在,当超过这个临界值后,颤振的理论幅度将急剧增大.     

Load-related dynamic behaviors of a helical gear pair with tooth flank errors

This study focused on the effects of tooth manufacturing errors (MEs) on the dynamic behaviors of a helical geared system. The composite mesh error is introduced and calculated, which is taken as error excitation in the dynamic model. A combined finite element method (FEM) and analytical contact model is used to investigate the interaction of mesh stiffness and MEs. The dynamic model is developed based on the finite element method and its effectiveness has been verified. By introducing stiffness excitation and error excitation, the effects of mesh stiffness and MEs can be easily distinguished in the total excitation. The influence degrees of these two factors are obtained at different torque levels by simulating the quasi-static and dynamic responses of the system. The results show that the composite mesh error will have great changes under light load conditions, and larger dynamic factors as well as decreased resonance speed will be brought. The excitation produced by manufacturing errors is dominate in the total vibration excitation in a light loading, while the excitation produced by mesh stiffness is becoming the dominating one in a heavy loading.     

滑动导轨结合面动刚度的试验研究

基于等效单自由度模型自主研发了滑动结合面动态特性参数识别试验台,对不同类型的滑动结合面进行参数识别试验,得到了结合面的动刚度,并分析了滑动速度、面压、介质等因素对刚度的影响规律。分析结果表明:滑动速度的增大会降低结合面的动刚度;适当增大面压可提高结合面的动刚度,且能降低速度增大对动刚度的影响;添加润滑油能使结合面的动刚度提高20%左右;贴塑导轨比普通金属导轨能更好地维持结合面动刚度的稳定性,其动刚度随速度的变化在25%左右。     

数字微镜器件在高动态辐射场景成像探测系统中的应用

由于数字微镜器件（DMD）空间光调制器结合图像传感器能同时探测高动态场景中的亮暗目标,本文研究了DMD在高动态辐射场景成像探测系统中的应用。首先,介绍了DMD实现成像探测的原理,分析了DMD在高动态场景成像探测系统中的驱动控制方法。然后,根据DMD在高动态辐射场景成像探测系统中的工作特性,设计了能使光电成像设备提高66 dB的DMD的驱动控制。文中阐述了系统的主要设计模块和工作参数,并结合实验验证了系统设计的正确性。实验结果表明：该驱动控制方法能够实现对高动态场景中亮暗目标的同时探测,满足对光电成像设备动态范围提高66 dB的要求。若光电成像设备采用11位高灵敏高动态科学级图像传感器,则系统动态范围可达130 dB以上。     

变刚度负载下激振测试系统滑模控制特性分析

以高铁路基测试系统为研究对象,由于该测试系统需要具有振动频率高、激振力大和振幅大的特点,目前其动态响应特性比较低,还需要进一步的提高才能适应测试要求。提出了一种滑模控制器来提高该高铁路基测试系统在变刚度负载下的动态响应。利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件,在变刚度负载下使用滑模控制的方法对高铁路基测试系统进行仿真分析,在运用滑模控制器后系统的动态响应特性有了明显的提高。采用该技术能够加快未来高铁交通运输的发展,对国家经济发展起一定的促进作用。     

Influences of stochastic perturbation of parameters on dynamic behavior of gear system

Gear systems are commonly used in vehicles, and the vibration of the gear system was paid more attention in recent years. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of gear system with stochastic perturbation of system parameters was analyzed. A stochastic nonlinear dynamic model of gear system, with consideration of the stochastic perturbation of system parameters, was established. The influences of stochastic perturbation of system parameters, such as excitation frequency, damping ratio, and backlash, on the dynamic behavior of the system were discussed. It was found that when the perturbation intensity is weak, the topological structure of the system solutions will not change, and there is no transition of the attractors. But if the perturbation intensity increases further, there will be transition between the attractors. In general, for single-DOF gear system, the multi-periodic attractor will jump to the quasi-period-1 attractor. But the quasi-period-1 attractor will not jump to other attractors. If the perturbation intensity is considerable great, bi-directional transition will occur. Yet, the probability of transition from multi-periodic attractor to quasi-period-1 attractor is greater than the probability of transition from multi-periodic attractor to other attractors. Which provide theoretical basis for effective vibration control of gear system.     

Dynamic responses of hydraulic mobile crane with consideration of the drive system

The dynamic behaviour of mobile cranes is determined not only by the steel structures and the external loads but also by the drive- and control systems. In today’s dynamic calculation of mobile cranes, the drive systems are modelled through the method of “kinematic forcing” or by measurements for outputs of the drive system. To improve this situation, a new method for dynamic calculation of mobile cranes has been developed. In this method, the flexible multibody model of the structure will be coupled with the model of the drive system. In that way the elastic deformation, the rigid body motion of structures and the dynamic behaviour of the drive system can be determined in an integrated model. The calculation method has been realized for a hydraulic mobile crane. In addition to the structural elements, the mathematical modelling for hydraulic drive- and control system is described. The crane rotating simulation for arbitrary working conditions has been carried out. As a result, a more exact representation of dynamic behaviour, not only for the crane structure, but also for the drive system is achieved.     

Étude expérimentale du comportement dynamique des matériaux

Experimental characterisation of materials under dynamic loading. This paper is specially dealing with dynamic testing and in particular the experimental characterisation of materials under dynamic loading. We shall focus on the SHPB (Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar) system because of its frequent use in a range of strain rates from 50/s to 5000/s which corresponds to the strain rates involved in most of civil industrial applications. The limitations of this system and its special advantages will be recalled. Some typical results obtained for various materials and small structures will be shown.     

六自由度运动平台的动态响应特性分析及AMESim仿真

为了解决液压伺服系统中存在负载干扰等的不确定因素对系统造成不稳定性的问题,以伺服系统中的六自由度液压运动平台试验样机为研究对象,通过对伺服系统动态响应特性进行分析的基础上,提出了动态压力输出补偿的鲁棒H∞控制策略,并进行了物理模型的AMESim仿真.研究结果表明:该方法可在较大摄动的情况下获得好的鲁棒性,并且可以满足设计要求的响应频宽,从而保证平台运动的响应速度和精度.     

Optimization Study on Expansion Energy Used Air-Powered Vehicle with Pneumatic-Hydraulic Transmission

Pneumatic-hydraulic transmission has been developed for years. However, its dynamic properties are not good enough for application. In this paper, in order to increase the output characteristics, a late-model air-powered vehicle using expansion energy is proposed which can boost energy through a pneumatic-hydraulic transmission. The dynamic characteristics of the air-powered vehicle is modeled and verified by conducting experiment. In addition,the influence of the key parameters of the air-powered vehicle is researched for the optimization of the system performance. Through the results, the author got the conclusion that, firstly, comparison of the results of model and experiment proves the built model to be effective; secondly, input air pressure should be set according to the request of the practical loads, and range of 0.65 to 0.75 MPa can be chosen; thirdly, as a key structure parameter of the airpowered vehicle, ratio of the areas is considered to be set to approximate 8; what's more, a bigger orifice with a limit will promote the system dynamic characteristic property, and the limit is about 3.5 mm; last but not the least, not too farther position of the rings will increase the quality of output dynamic characteristics. This paper can be a reference for system design of air-powered vehicle and dynamic improvement.