100mm直径硅衬底上MOCVD外延生长无裂纹GaN

为实现在100 mm直径硅衬底上金属有机物化学气相外延(MOCVD)生长无裂纹GaN,系统研究了预铺铝时间参数对AlN成核质量的影响、不同厚度条件下AlN层对GaN生长的影响以及Al组分渐变的AlGaN缓冲层对GaN裂纹抑制的效果。实验结果表明,适当的预铺铝时间可以显著提高AlN成核层晶体质量,合理的AlN层厚度有助于上层GaN的生长,AlN与GaN之间AlGaN缓冲层的引入可以有效抑制GaN裂纹的产生。最后,采用高分辨率X射线衍射(HRXRD)测试了MOCVD外延生长的无裂纹GaN材料,得到AlN(002)面、GaN(002)面和GaN(102)面的衍射峰半峰宽(FWHM)分别为1 382,550和746 arcsec。     

玻璃衬底上低温沉积GaN薄膜研究

采用电子回旋共振.等离子体增强金属有机物化学气相沉积(ECR-PEMOCVD)方法在康宁7101型普通玻璃衬底上沉积了GaN薄膜,利用反射高能电子衍射(RHEED)、X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和霍尔测量系统对样品进行了检测,研究了其结晶性和电学特性随沉积温度的变化.结果表明,当沉积温度为250-430℃时,得到的GaN薄膜都呈现高度的C轴择优取向,结晶性较好;薄膜表面形貌较为平整且呈n型导电.     

Zn_(1-x)Mg_xO薄膜的低压MOCVD生长与性质

利用低压金属有机物气相沉积 (L P- MOCVD)技术 ,采用两步生长法 ,在 (0 0 0 1 )蓝宝石衬底上获得了纤锌矿结构的 Zn1 - x Mgx O合金单晶薄膜 .实验发现随着 Mg原子的增多 ,Zn Mg O的晶格常数逐渐减小 .X射线衍射谱中未出现除 (0 0 0 2 )峰之外的其他峰位 ,表明该合金薄膜具有很强的择优取向和较好的晶体质量 .室温透射谱与光致发光谱显示 ,其吸收边或带边发光峰随 Mg原子浓度的增加首先出现红移然后出现蓝移 .该反常现象与 Zn Mg O薄膜中产生的杂质缺陷的行为有关 .研究表明在 MOCVD生长 Zn Mg O合金薄膜过程中 ,必须优化与控制反应条件 ,以抑制杂质缺     

MOCVD生长高反射率AlN/GaN分布布拉格反射镜

利用金属有机物化学气相沉积(MOCVD)方法在蓝宝石c面衬底上制备出高反射率AlN/GaN分布布拉格反射镜(DBR).利用分光光度计测量,在418 nm附近最大反射率达到99%.样品表面显微照片显示,有圆弧形缺陷和少量裂纹出现;在缺陷和裂纹以外的区域,DBR具有较为平坦的表面,其粗糙度在10μm×10μm面积上为3.3 m左右.样品的截面扫描电镜(SEM)照片显示,DBR具有良好的周期性.对反射率和表面分析的结果表明,该样品达到了制备GaN基垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)的要求.     

MOCVD脉冲法制备InAlGaN/GaN异质结材料特性研究

采用MOCVD脉冲供源方法制备了76.2 mm(3英寸)高质量薄势垒层的InAlGaN/GaN异质结材料。通过对样品表面形貌及电学特性等测试,研究了进入反应腔MO源的不同脉冲组合对InAlGaN材料生长的影响,并分析了相关机理。其中等效为InAlN/AlGaN类超晶格结构的势垒层外延方法,基于原子层间近晶格匹配和超晶格的原子层调制作用,有效改善了势垒层材料质量和表面形貌,提升了异质结料的电学特性,室温下电子迁移率达到1 620cm~2/(V·s),方块电阻217.2Ω/。     

短周期AlGaAs/GaAs超晶格的MOCVD生长及X射线衍射研究

生长了短周期 Al Ga As/ Ga As超晶格 ,并通过双晶 X射线衍射谱 ,对 MOCVD超薄层Al Ga As、Ga As的生长进行了研究。从衍射谱卫星峰的级数及 Pendellosong干涉条纹的出现 ,定性地对晶格结构及界面作出评价。 X光衍射测量结果与 HEMT结构电学性能测试结果有较好的对应关系。     

MOCVD法氧化锌单晶薄膜生长

介绍了氧化锌材料的一些突出特性以及生长氧化锌的方法。并通过金属有机化学气相沉积 (MOCVD)方法制备了优良的氧化锌薄膜。使用X射线衍射 (XRD)谱和室温光致发光(PL)光谱对所生长氧化锌薄膜的晶体质量和光学特性进行了研究。X射线衍射谱图显示仅在2θ =34.72°处有一个很陡峭的ZnO (0 0 2 )晶面衍射峰 ,说明所制备的氧化锌薄膜c轴取向高度一致。此衍射峰的半高宽为 0 .2 82° ,显示出较好的晶体质量。在室温光致发光谱中 ,薄膜的紫外发光强度与深能级复合发光的强度比超过 10∶1,表明薄膜的光学质量较高     

Zn1-xMgxO薄膜的低压MOCVD生长与性质

利用低压金属有机物气相沉积(LP-MOCVD)技术,采用两步生长法,在(0001)蓝宝石衬底上获得了纤锌矿结构的Zn1-xMgxO合金单晶薄膜.实验发现随着Mg原子的增多,ZnMgO的晶格常数逐渐减小.X射线衍射谱中未出现除(0002)峰之外的其他峰位,表明该合金薄膜具有很强的择优取向和较好的晶体质量.室温透射谱与光致发光谱显示,其吸收边或带边发光峰随Mg原子浓度的增加首先出现红移然后出现蓝移.该反常现象与ZnMgO薄膜中产生的杂质缺陷的行为有关.研究表明在MOCVD生长ZnMgO合金薄膜过程中,必须优化与控制反应条件,以抑制杂质缺陷的产生.     

退火温度对ZnO薄膜结构和发光性能的影响

采用常压金属有机物化学气相淀积法在(0001)Al2O3衬底上生长出高质量ZnO单晶膜,在空气中进行了710～860℃不同温度的退火处理.用X射线双晶衍射、光致发光法研究了退火温度对ZnO薄膜的结构、发光性能的影响.ZnO(002)面X射线双晶ω扫描曲线的半高宽(FWHM) 随退火温度的升高变小,770℃后基本保持不变,ZnO(102)面双晶ω扫描曲线的FWHM一直变小.770℃退火后ZnO样品X射线ω-2θ扫描曲线中出现ZnO2(200)衍射峰.同时,光致发光测试表明,随着退火温度升高,带边发光强度减弱,与深能级有关的绿带发光出现并逐渐增强.通过ICP刻蚀,去除退火后样品的表面层,ω-2θ扫描曲线中ZnO2(200)衍射峰和PL谱中绿带发光均消失,表明ZnO2相和深能级缺陷在样品表面.     

退火温度对ZnO薄膜结构和发光性能的影响

采用常压金属有机物化学气相淀积法在(0001)Al2O3衬底上生长出高质量ZnO单晶膜,在空气中进行了710～860℃不同温度的退火处理．用X射线双晶衍射、光致发光法研究了退火温度对ZnO薄膜的结构、发光性能的影响．ZnO（002）面X射线双晶ω扫描曲线的半高宽(FWHM) 随退火温度的升高变小,770℃后基本保持不变,ZnO（102）面双晶ω扫描曲线的FWHM一直变小．770℃退火后ZnO样品X射线ω-2θ扫描曲线中出现ZnO2（200）衍射峰．同时,光致发光测试表明,随着退火温度升高,带边发光强度减弱,与深能级有关的绿带发光出现并逐渐增强．通过ICP刻蚀,去除退火后样品的表面层,ω-2θ扫描曲线中ZnO2（200）衍射峰和PL谱中绿带发光均消失,表明ZnO2相和深能级缺陷在样品表面．     

Twinning in Low-Temperature MOCVD Grown GaN on (001) GaAs Substrate

GaN buffer layers (thickness ～60nm) grown on GaAs(001) by low-temperature MOCVD are investigated by X-ray diffraction pole figure measurements using synchrotron radiation in order to understand the heteroepitaxial growth features of GaN on GaAs(001) substrates.In addition to the epitaxially aligned crystallites,their corresponding twins of the first and the second order are found in the Xray diffraction pole figures.Moreover,{111} φ scans with χ at 55°reveal the abnormal distribution of Bragg diffractions.The extra intensity maxima in the pole figures shows that the process of twinning plays a dominating role during the growth process.It is suggested that the polarity of {111} facets emerged on (001) surface will affect the growth twin nucleation at the initial stages of GaN growth on GaAs(001) substrates.It is proposed that twinning is prone to occurring on {111}B,Nterminated facets.     

X-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy studies of MOCVD grown AI_xGa_(1-x)N/GaN superlattice structures

The grazing incidence X-ray reflectivity（GIXR） technique and atomic force microscopy（AFM） were exploited to obtain an accurate evaluation of the surfaces and interfaces for metalorganic chemical vapor deposition grown Al_xGa_1-xN/GaN superlattice structures.The X-ray diffraction results have been combined with reflectivity data to evaluate the layer thickness and Al mole fraction in the AlGaN layer.The presence of a smooth interface is responsible for the observation of intensity oscillation in GIXR,which is well correlated to step flow observation in AFM images of the surface.The structure with a low Al mole fraction（x = 0.25） and thin well width has a rather smooth surface for the R_rms,of AFM data value is 0.45 nm.     

X-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy studies of MOCVD grown AlxGa1-xN/GaN superlattice structures

The grazing incidence X-ray reflectivity (GIXR) technique and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were exploited to obtain an accurate evaluation of the surfaces and interfaces for metalorganic chemical vapor deposition grown Al<,x>Ga<,1-x>N/GaN superlattice structures. The X-ray diffraction results have been combined with reflectivity data to evaluate the layer thickness and Al mole fraction in the AIGaN layer. The presence of a smooth interface is responsible for the observation of intensity oscillation in GIXR, which is well correlated to step flow observation in AFM images of the surface. The structure with a low Al mole fraction (x = 0.25) and thin well width has a rather smooth surface for the R<,rms> of AFM data value is 0.45 nm.     

Effect of In Situ Thermal Cycle Annealing on GaN Film Properties Grown on (001) and (111) GaAs, and Sapphire Substrates

The effect of in-situ thermal cycle annealing (TCA) has been investigated for GaN growth on GaAs(lOO), GaAs(111) and sapphire substrates. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and surface morphology studies were performed for this purpose. Enhanced cubic phase characteristics were observed by employing annealingfor GaN layers grown on (001) GaAs. The thickness of the layer subject to annealing is critical in determining the phase of the subsequently grown layer. Thin initial layers appear to permit maintenance of the cubic phase characteristics shown by the substrate, while hexagonal phase characteristics are manifested for thick initial layers. Higher temperature of annealing of thick pre-annealed layers results in changes from mixed cubic/hexagonal phase to pure hexagonal phase. Growth on GaAs(111) substrates showed single cubic phase characteristics and similar enhancement of crystal quality by using TCA as for layers on GaAs(OOl). Micro-cracks were found to be present after TCA on GaAs(lll) substrates. Thermal cycling also appears to be beneficial for layers grown on sapphire substrates.     

MOCVD AlxGa1-xN/GaN超晶格结构的X射线反射谱与原子力显微研究

采用掠入射X射线反射谱技术与原子力显微技术对属有机化合物化学气相淀积生长的AlxGa1-xN/GaN超晶格结构的表面和界面进行了精确表征。结合高分辨率X射线衍射谱与反射谱数据分析获得外延层各层厚度与AlGaN层的Al摩尔组分。掠入射x射线反射谱的显著强度振荡与原子力显微镜所观察到的台阶流动形貌表明了平整的界面和表面的存在。研究发现,低Al组分（x=0.25）且阱宽小的样品界面与表面粗糙度最小,通过原子力显微技术得到的表面粗糙度均方根偏差为0.45nm。     

Zn-Doped InGaP Grown by the LP- MOCVD

Zn-doped In_0.485Ga_0.515P epitaxial layers were grown on semi-insulating GaAs substrates by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD) at the temperatures 520,560, and 720°C. Growth conditions were optimized with respect to surface morphology for each growth temperature and the growth rates were in the range from 0.6 to 1.4 μm/h. Diethylzinc was used as a Zn precursor and the dependencies of hole concentrations, mobilities, and photoluminescence spectra on the growth conditions were studied. Doping levels from 3 × 10¹⁷ to 3 × 10¹⁸ cm⁻³ were obtained at different growth temperatures. The highest hole mobilities were measured in the layers grown at 560°C. The acceptor activation energy of 21 meV was measured from the photoluminesce spectra in our samples. As the results are not directly comparable with the data from the literature, theoretical models of Zn incorporation are discussed. A desorption energy of 0.55 eV of Zn atoms was calculated from the temperature dependence of the zinc distribution coefficient K_zn .     

厚度对Si衬底上生长的ZnO薄膜性能的影响

采用金属有机化学气相沉积方法,在Si(100)衬底上生长出具有高度C轴择优取向的ZnO薄膜.通过X射线衍射、原子力显微镜和室温光致发光谱研究了厚度对ZnO薄膜的结构、表面和光学性能的影响.X射线衍射图显示ZnO薄膜只有单一的(0002)峰,具有高度择优取向.AFM和PL测试表明,在取样薄膜厚度范围内,薄膜的表面质量和发光性能没有随着薄膜厚度的增加而提高.这是因为薄膜在厚度增加的生长过程中,生长模型变化且晶粒增大.     

Effects of Thickness on Properties of ZnO Films Grown on Si by MOCVD

采用金属有机化学气相沉积方法,在Si(100)衬底上生长出具有高度C轴择优取向的ZnO薄膜.通过X射线衍射、原子力显微镜和室温光致发光谱研究了厚度对ZnO薄膜的结构、表面和光学性能的影响.X射线衍射图显示ZnO薄膜只有单一的(0002)峰,具有高度择优取向.AFM和PL测试表明,在取样薄膜厚度范围内,薄膜的表面质量和发光性能没有随着薄膜厚度的增加而提高.这是因为薄膜在厚度增加的生长过程中,生长模型变化且晶粒增大.     

Structural study of GaN grown on (001) GaAs by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy

Detailed transmission electron microscope (TEM) and transmission electron diffraction (TED) examination has been performed on organometallic vapor phase epitaxial GaN layers grown on (001) GaAs substrate to investigate microstructures and phase stability. TED and TEM results exhibit the occurrence of a mixed phase of GaN. The wurtzite (α) phase grains are embedded in the zinc-blende (β) phase matrix. It is shown that there are two types of the wurtzite GaN phase, namely, the epitaxial wurtzite and the tilted wurtzite. The tilted wurtzite grains are rotated some degrees ranging from ∼5° to ∼35° regarding the GaAs substrate. A simple model is presented to describe the occurrence of the mixed phases and the two types of the wurtzite phase.