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以重水 (D2 O)及电石 (CaC2 )为原料 ,先制得氘代乙醛 (CD3CDO) ;氘代苯则与溴和金属镁反应生成氘代苯基溴化镁 (C6D5MgBr)。CD3CDO再与C6D5MgBr进行格林尼亚反应 ,并用酸性重水溶液水解 ,最终制得氘代率xD≈ 99%的全氘代 α 苯乙醇 (C6D5—CDODCD3) ,产率 71.2 % (以氘代溴苯计 )。作者介绍了以D2 O、CaC2 及C6D6为原料制备C6D5—CDODCD3 的合成工艺及采用内标相对摩尔校正因子氢核磁共振波谱 (1HNMR)技术表征产物氘代率的方法 相似文献
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全氘代聚苯乙烯的合成 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以氘代苯(C6D6)、氘代醋酸(CD3COOD)及重水(D2O)等市售试剂为原料,经酰化、镍铝合金碱性重水液相还原、脱水及自由基本体聚合等一系列反应,在国内首次合成出了全氘代聚苯乙烯(PSD)。该PSD材料氘代率达98.35%,可望在激光聚变热核靶、低损耗塑料光纤及聚合物相容性研究等领域得到广泛的应用。 相似文献
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以氘代苯(C6D6)及单质溴(Br2)为原料,铁粉(Fe)及单质碘(I2)为催化剂,同时改进了常规溴苯合成中粗产物的后处理工序,最终合成出了产率达72.5% 、氘代率达99.2% 的氘代溴苯(C6D5Br)。采用付立叶变换红外光谱仪及激光拉曼光谱仪对C6D5Br的振动光谱特性进行了研究,此外亦采用相对重量校正因子1H-核磁共振波谱法对样品氘代率的测定进行了探讨。 相似文献
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设计了以有机酚为原料制备氘代氨基甲酸酯类化合物的合成路线。有机酚(Ⅰa~Ⅰc)在Na OH催化作用下,经与三光气(BTC)反应,合成了中间体氯甲酸酯(Ⅱa~Ⅱc),再与一甲胺-D3-盐酸盐缩合反应,制得目标化合物(Ⅲa'~Ⅲc')。设计的合成路线避免使用异氰酸酯,且操作简单,工艺流程短,副产物少,收率可达60%以上,氘同位素丰度没有降低。产物经HPLC、MS、1HNMR和13CNMR表征,结果表明,化学纯度99%,氘同位素丰度99 atom%。 相似文献
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核磁共振技术是制药领域中一种重要的研究手段。在没有合适的氘代溶剂选择的情况下,可选择无氘代核磁共振技术。将无氘代核磁共振技术引入制药工程专业本科专业实验教学,充分发挥核磁共振波谱仪在制药专业实验教学中支撑作用。通过分组预先查阅资料、确立鉴别方案、进行无氘代核磁共振实验和图谱的对比分析,实现对6种喹诺酮类抗生物的鉴别,有利于提高学生的动手能力、自主学习、思考问题和解决问题的能力。 相似文献
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Solid solutions of diphosphates of zinc and copper and of zinc and cobalt were synthesized from mixtures of pure diphosphates at temperatures up to 1000°C. Their X-ray diffractometry patterns varied continuously from one end member to the other. Solid solutions of orthophosphates of composition Zn3−x Cox(PO4 )2, with x = 0.4–1.6, were formed at temperatures up to 950°C; all exhibited the structure of γ-Zn3 (PO4 )2. Solid solutions of orthophosphates of composition Zn3−x Cux (PO4 )2 exhibited more-complex behavior. At 1000°C and copper contents of 20–80 mol%, a phase that is related to Cu3 (PO4 )2, termed here the "ε-phase," predominated. At 850°–950°C and in the region from 20 mol% to ∼33 mol% of copper, the solid solutions (the "η-phase") adopted the structure of graftonite. At 800°–900°C and 10–15 mol% of copper, the solid solutions exhibited a new structure (the "δ-phase"), which we found to be related to the mineral sarcopside. At temperatures 950°C, the solutions that contained 5–15 mol% of copper (the "β-phase") had the structure of β-Zn3 (PO4 )2, whereas at 800°–850°C, solutions with 5 mol% of copper (the "-phase") exhibited the structure of γ-Zn3 (PO4 )2. Attempts to synthesize Cu+ ZnPO4 and Cu+ Cu2+ Zn3 (PO4 )3 were unsuccessful. 相似文献
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为了提高油田的生产效率,设计最佳的油气集输处理的工艺流程,更好地完成油气水分离处理的任务。对油气集输工艺技术进行优化,发挥高效油气水分离处理设备的优势,提高油气水处理的质量,保证油气集输工艺顺利实施,获得最佳的油田产量外输。 相似文献
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建设创新型国家是我们中华民族的历史责任。“自主创新、重点突破、支撑发展、引领未来”的16字方针应当成为我们未来创新活动的指南。建设创新型国家把自主创新放在首位,并提出了引领未来的高标准要求。钢铁科技创新必须突出重点,抓住创新成果产业化这个关键,支撑起行业和国民经济的发展。 相似文献
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相比已经完善丰富的开采和勘探技术,油气的运输以及储存却仍然存在不足之处。我国对能源安全提出更加严格要求的同时,对区域经济的发展规划也有足够重视。因此,保障油气管道的安全则成为了我国能源安全战略的重中之重。在阐释油气管道现阶段在储运安全保障技术发展状况的基础上,分析了现存的问题及解决问题的手段,并指出未来可能使用的目标策略,为今后研究者提供一定程度上的借鉴经验。 相似文献
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膜的污染和劣化及其防治对策 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
较为系统地介绍了膜污染和劣化的定义和特点,因膜污染和劣化而造成的膜性能变化,以及如何预防、减少或清除膜污染和劣化的一些通用方法。 相似文献
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James L. White David G. Salladay David O. Quisenberry Donald L. MacLean 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1972,16(11):2811-2827
Gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) and thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) studies of polystyrene, polybutadienes (BR), and their copolymers (SBR) have been carried out. GPC primarily separates them on the basis of molecular size, and TLC, on the basis of composition. Methods of obtaining absolute molecular weight distributions for BR and SBR based upon variations of the Strasbourg Universal Calibration procedure are described. In particular, [η]–M relationships in both the GPC solvent (THF) and in a second solvent (toluene) were used; in addition, results of statistical mechanical calculations for \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\overline {s^2 }$\end{document} (based on the assumption of negligible steric hindrance and freely rotating bonds) were applied. An experimental comparison of these methods was carried out, and use of the [η]–M relationships for both solvents was found to give satisfactory results. The predictions of the statistical theory were too low. A detailed study of polymer–solvent–gel interaction in the GPC unit was made through investigation of ternary phase equilibrium in the (polystyrene)–THF–(polymer) system. The polymers studied included BR and SBR with varying styrene contents. Experimental techniques for TLC separations of BR, SBR, and polystyrene according to the composition are described. 相似文献