羧甲基壳聚糖在酸性溶液中缓蚀性能

采用失重及电化学方法（EIS 和 Tafel曲线）研究了羧甲基壳聚糖（CM-chitosan）作为一种绿色缓蚀剂,在1 mol·L-1 HCl 和0.5 mol·L-1 H2SO4溶液中对碳钢的缓蚀作用。结果表明,CM-chitosan是一种良好的缓蚀剂,且在1 mol·L-1 HCl 溶液中的缓蚀作用要优于在0.5 mol·L-1 H2SO4溶液中的缓蚀作用。在HCl和H2SO4两种酸性溶液中,CM-chitosan在碳钢表面的吸附都遵循修正的Langmuir吸附等温式。     

盐酸介质中聚醚改性七甲基三硅氧烷对碳钢的缓蚀研究

本文研究了三种聚醚改性七甲基三硅氧烷(分别简称为TEO-13、TEO-23和TEO-29)的缓蚀性能.通过静态失重筛选出缓蚀效果较好的聚醚硅氧烷,利用动电位扫描极化曲线及SEM考察了最优化的聚醚硅氧烷在1.0mol· L-1盐酸中对20#碳钢的缓蚀效果,并对缓蚀机理进行了探讨.结果表明:合成的聚醚改性七甲基三硅氧烷对碳钢在HCl介质中表现出优异的缓蚀效果,其中TEO-23的缓蚀效果最好,当达到0.9g·L-1的浓度时,腐蚀速度降为5.9g· (m2·h)-1,缓蚀效率为94.1％.扫描电镜显示TEO-23可在碳钢表面形成致密完整的吸附保护膜,阻碍碳钢的腐蚀.极化曲线表明,该表面活性剂属于阴极型缓蚀剂.     

盐类浓度对油酸咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀率的影响

针对油田污水富含钙、镁、钠等盐类的现状,合成了油酸咪唑啉季铵盐,采用电化学极化法和静态失重法测试了其缓蚀性能,并采用电化学极化法考察了强酸腐蚀介质中氯化钙、氯化镁及氯化钠3种盐的浓度对该缓蚀剂缓蚀率的影响。结果表明:该缓蚀剂是一种以阳极抑制为主的混合型缓蚀剂;在1mol·L-1 HCl溶液中,当缓蚀剂浓度为5mg·L-1时,N80钢片的腐蚀速率和缓蚀剂的缓蚀率趋于稳定;随着介质中盐类浓度的增大,缓蚀剂的缓蚀率逐渐减小。分析认为,缓蚀率减小的原因可能是由于介质的电导率增大,导致腐蚀速率加快。     

工业纯铁/盐酸体系中聚丙烯酸的缓蚀作用机理

利用稳态极化曲线测量和恒电位方波测极化阻力Rp 的方法研究了聚丙烯酸 (PAAC)在工业纯铁 / 0 .5mol·L-1HCl中的缓蚀行为及其吸附特征 .结果表明 ,PAAC作为阻滞剂参与并阻滞了铁在盐酸溶液中的阳极溶解过程 ,但对阴极过程几乎无作用 .推导了PAAC参与并阻滞铁的阳极溶解过程的动力学方程 ,提出了相应的缓蚀机理 .     

撑绿杂交竹竹叶提取物在盐酸介质中对冷轧钢的缓蚀作用

用失重法研究了撑绿杂交竹竹叶固体提取物在1.0 mol/L HCl 溶液中对冷轧钢的缓蚀作用.结果表明:撑绿杂交竹竹叶提取物对冷轧钢在1.0 mol/L HCl中具有良好的缓蚀作用,且在钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式,并详细讨论了缓蚀剂浓度、腐蚀时间、温度对缓蚀作用的影响规律.     

硝酸根离子对铝在盐酸溶液中的缓蚀作用

用失重法和动电位极化曲线方法研究了硝酸根离子对工业纯铝在1．5mol／L HCl溶液中的缓蚀作用和机理,讨论了其在铝表面的吸附。结果表明,对铝在盐酸溶液中的腐蚀,硝酸根离子是很一种很好的缓蚀剂。当硝酸根离子浓度较低时,其缓蚀效率随着浓度增加而增大,随后增加硝酸根离子,缓蚀效率基本稳定;当硝酸根离子浓度较大时,缓蚀效率在测量时间内随着腐蚀时间的延长而增大。硝酸根离子通过抑制铝的阴极反应而起到缓蚀作用,其在铝表面的吸附符合Freundlich吸附等温式。     

元宝枫叶提取物在盐酸溶液中对钢的缓蚀性能研究

天然植物元宝枫(acer truncatum)叶的提取物可作为一种环境友好型缓蚀剂.采用失重法、动电位极化曲线和交流阻抗(EIS)研究了元宝枫叶提取物在1.0mol/L HCl溶液中对冷轧钢的缓蚀作用.结果表明:元宝枫叶提取物对冷轧钢具有良好的缓蚀作用,且在钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式.极化曲线表明,元宝枫提取物为阴极抑制型缓蚀剂;EIS谱呈半圆容抗弧,电荷转移电阻随缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大.     

双咪唑啉衍生物缓蚀剂的合成与缓蚀研究

以二乙撑三胺和己二腈原料合成了双咪唑啉BM,采用了失重法和极化曲线研究了合成物质对A3钢的缓蚀性能。失重实验表明BM是一种良好的缓蚀剂,25℃,在1mol·L^-1 HCl中,缓蚀剂浓度1mmol·L^-1时,对A3钢的缓蚀率达到96.7％,在0.5mol·L^-1 H2SO4体系中,当缓蚀剂用量为2mmol·L^-1时,缓蚀率为86％。通过模型拟合表明BM符合EL-Awady吸附。极化曲线表明其是一种阴极型缓蚀剂。     

Gemini型表面活性剂在HCl溶液中的缓蚀性能研究

利用静态失重法和动态电化学方法对gemini型季铵盐缓蚀剂C10-4-C10,C12-4-C12,C14-4-C14和C16-4-C16在1mol/L HCl介质中对45#钢片的缓蚀性能进行了研究,结果表明,在1mol/L的HCl溶液中,gemini型季铵盐缓蚀剂在45#钢片表面上形成单分子层吸附,对45#钢片有优异的缓蚀性能,缓蚀率随缓蚀剂浓度增加而升高;极化曲线表明,gemini型季铵盐缓蚀剂在HCl溶液中是以抑制阴极过程为主的阴极型缓蚀剂。     

阳极氧化法制备具有可见光光催化活性的二氧化钛

以钛片为底板通过阳极氧化法在3种不同电解质溶液[1 mol·L-1硝酸铵乙二醇溶液（1-M ANEG）、0.1mol·L-1硝酸铵乙二醇溶液（0.1-M ANEG）、0.1 mol·L-1硝酸铵水溶液（0.1-M ANA）]中制备二氧化钛,并对其光催化性能进行了比较.结果表明,在0.1 mol·L-1硝酸铵乙二醇溶液中制得的二氧化钛在可见光下具有较好的光催化活性且表面光滑平整.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.