量化特征多粒度模型在行星齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用

传感器失灵、通讯迟滞或数据离散化等多种不确定因素会导致行星齿轮箱故障诊断信息不完备情况的发生,而现有的故障诊断方法已难于适用。为此,提出一种基于数据驱动量化特征多粒度模型的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法。首先,采用数据驱动量化特征关系对行星齿轮箱的不完备故障诊断信息进行分析;其次,利用基于悲观数据驱动量化特征多粒度模型的属性约简算法提取故障诊断决策规则;最后,使用朴素贝叶斯分类器(Naive Bayesian classifier,NBC)推断待诊行星齿轮箱状态。实验研究表明,该方法可准确地判断实例间的不可分辨关系,降低计算复杂度,提高故障诊断准确率。     

GA-ACO优化BP神经网络在行星齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用

针对目前利用优化算法改进的BP神经网络算法对行星齿轮箱进行故障诊断过程中存在的故障识别率低、收敛速度慢和参数选择困难等问题,提出了一种用GA-ACO算法对神经网络参数进行优化的算法。给出GA-ACO-BP算法的基本原理和主要步骤,并将此方法应用到行星齿轮箱的故障诊断中。比较了ACO-BP神经网络算法和GA-ACO-BP算法的性能。结果表明,ACO优化BP神经网络算法对行星齿轮箱的故障诊断收敛速度慢且识别精度不高,而GA-ACO-BP算法能够对行星齿轮箱故障进行准确、快速的诊断和识别。     

基于时频融合和注意力机制的深度学习行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法

针对行星齿轮箱振动信号频率成分复杂和时变性强的问题,提出了基于时频融合和注意力机制的深度学习行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法。首先,采用小波包分解将原始振动信号分解到频带和时间两个维度作为输入数据;然后,使用卷积神经网络融合数据的频带特征,使用双向门控循环单元融合时序特征;接着采用注意力结构对不同时间点的特征自适应地进行动态加权融合;最后通过分类器进行识别,实现行星齿轮箱的端对端故障诊断。实验表明,该方法对比现有的深度学习故障诊断模型具有更高准确率,能够对行星齿轮箱多种健康状态进行准确地诊断。     

基于局域均值分解的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法

在低转速工况下,容易出现行星齿轮箱故障的微弱信号和强信号难以分离的情况,导致行星齿轮箱存在微弱故障诊断精度较差的问题,为此,提出了一种基于局域均值分解(LMD)的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法。首先,采用DASP数据采集系统,采集了行星齿轮箱不同工况下的振动信号,采用平移不变量小波降噪方法,对其振动信号进行了降噪处理;然后,采用局域均值分解方法分解了其振动信号,分别采用了能量算子和循环频率对其进行了解调处理,获取了微弱故障信号分量所对应的幅值和相位调制信息,准确提取了行星齿轮箱的微弱故障信号特征;最后,采用最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)识别了齿轮箱不同故障特征,判断了行星齿轮箱的运行状态,实现了行星齿轮箱的故障诊断。研究结果表明：采用基于LMD的方法,可以对行星齿轮箱的微弱异常信号及强异常信号进行准确诊断,获得满意的行星齿轮箱故障诊断结果,有效保障行星齿轮箱的安全、稳定运转。     

流向图在行星齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用

针对行星齿轮箱诊断过程复杂和诊断结果准确率低的问题,提出了一种基于流向图的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法。该方法通过流向图构建算法直观地表示行星齿轮箱的故障诊断知识,利用流向图约简算法删除不必要的征兆属性节点,以简洁的形式表示属性之间的因果关系,利用流向图分类决策算法确定待诊实例的故障类型。仿真和实验结果证明了该方法的准确性和直观性,为行星齿轮箱的故障诊断提供了一种新颖的解决思路。     

基于1-DCNN的行星齿轮箱故障诊断

传统的机器学习方法在行星齿轮箱故障诊断方面存在识别率低、特征提取操作繁琐等问题。为提高行星齿轮箱的诊断效率,提出基于一维深度卷积神经网络(One-dimensional deep con-volutional neural network,1-DCNN)的故障诊断方法,将原始信号直接输入到网络中进行诊断。通过对行星齿轮箱行星轮5种故障信号进行训练验证,精度可达100%,且在诊断精度和效率上优于其他常用算法。     

基于SSA-VMD和1.5维包络谱的齿轮箱磨损故障诊断的研究

针对强噪声背景下行星齿轮箱特征提取困难的问题,提出一种基于樽海鞘群算法优化变分模态分解(SSA-VMD)结合1.5维包络谱的故障诊断方法。该方法首先运用樽海鞘群算法(SSA)优化变分模态分解(VMD)的参数;然后运用自相关系数对分解信号进行重构,降低噪声的干扰;最后运用1.5维包络谱对重构信号进行故障的特征提取。在实验部分,首先通过仿真试验将SSA-VMD与变分模态分解(VMD)进行对比,验证了SSA-VMD的优越性;然后搭建行星齿轮箱磨损故障全生命周期实验台采集振动信号,运用SSA-VMD结合1.5维包络谱的方法提取出了振动信号的故障特征频率,总结了行星齿轮箱磨损故障演化规律。研究结果表明：随着磨损故障程度的加深,故障特征频率出现次数明显增多,凭借这一规律,有利于实现对行星齿轮箱磨损故障的诊断;该结果可为行星齿轮箱磨损的故障诊断提供依据。     

[设备健康管理]基于深度学习多样性特征提取与信息融合的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法

针对行星齿轮箱振动信号噪声干扰大、单一分类器泛化能力不强的问题,提出了一种基于深度学习多样性特征提取与信息融合的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法。利用多目标优化算法优化多个堆栈去噪自动编码器(SDAE)以获得多个性能优异的SDAE,并提取多样性的故障特征;采用多响应线性回归模型集成多样性故障特征实现信息融合,得到多目标集成堆栈去噪自动编码器(MO-ESDAE),最后将其应用于行星齿轮箱故障诊断。实验结果表明：该方法能有效提高故障诊断精度与稳定性,具有较强的泛化能力。     

基于ITD和排列熵的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法

行星齿轮箱故障信号包含了多个调制过程,特征呈现复杂的边带成分,且信号易受噪声影响,数据的选择会直接影响故障特征提取效果.针对行星齿轮箱故障信号特点,提出基于固有时间尺度分解(ITD)和排列熵(PE)结合的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法.ITD-PE方法将原始信号分成多个子序列,对各子序列进行ITD分解,利用互相关系数准则筛选敏...     

多共振分量融合CNN的行星齿轮箱故障诊断

针对行星齿轮箱中各部件所激起的振动成分混叠、早期故障特征经常被较强的各级齿轮谐波成分以及环境噪声所湮没的问题,提出一种多共振分量融合卷积神经网络(multi-resonance component fusion based convolutional neural network,简称MRCF-CNN)的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法。首先,对振动信号进行共振稀疏分解,得到包含齿轮谐波成分的高共振分量和可能包含轴承故障冲击成分的低共振分量;其次,构建多共振分量融合卷积神经网络,将得到的高、低共振分量和原始振动信号进行自适应的特征级融合,通过有监督的方式训练模型并进行行星齿轮箱故障诊断。对行星齿轮箱实验数据的分析结果表明,该方法能够有效分类行星齿轮箱中滚动轴承和齿轮的故障,成功对行星齿轮箱故障进行诊断,同时能够进一步增强卷积神经网络对振动信号所蕴含的故障信息的辨识能力。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.     

Fractional order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking

This paper investigates a fractional terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking in the presence of inertia uncertainties and extern...     

奥氏体不锈钢表面双辉等离子渗锆的动力学

利用双辉等离子渗金属技术在0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制备了一层均匀、致密、呈良好冶金结合的渗锆合金层,并对1 060℃下的渗锆动力学进行了研究。结果表明:随着距锆合金层表面距离的增加,锆元素的含量呈梯度递减,扩散系数逐渐减小,而扩散激活能逐步增大;在1 060℃采用双辉等离子技术渗锆时,渗锆合金层表层的空位密度为2.945×(1012~1013)cm-2,与相同温度下采用常规渗金属工艺相比,提高了1~2个数量级。