Simple Fabrication of Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructure Superhydrophobic Surface with Stable and Superior Anticorrosion Silicon Steel via Laser Marking Treatment

To improve the weak corrosion resistance of silicon steel to acid solution and alkaline solution with high temperature,a stable hierarchical micro/nanostructure superhydrophobic surface with myriad irregular micro-scale hump and sheet-like nanostructure was successfully prepared on silicon steel by a simple,efficient and facile operation in large-area laser marking treatment.The morphology,composition,wettability of the as-prepared surface were studied.The superhydrophobic performance of the surface was investigated as well.Additionally,the corrosion resistance of the superhydrophobic surface to acidic solutions at room temperature and alkaline solutions at high temperature (80 ℃) was carefully explored.The corrosion resistance mechanism was clarified.Moreover,considering the practical application of the surface in the future,the hardness of the hierarchical micro/nanostructure superhydrophobic surface was studied.The experimental results indicate that the hierarchical micro/nanostructure surface with texture spacing of 100 μm treated at laser scanning speed of 100 mms/ presents superior superhydrophobicity after decreasing surface energy.The contact angle can be as high as 156.6°.Additionally,the superhydrophobic surface provide superior and stable anticorrosive protection for silicon steel in various corrosive environments.More importantly,the prepared structure of the surface shows high hardness,which ensures that the surface of the superhydrophobic surface cannot be destroyed easily.The surface is able to maintain great superhydrophobic performance when it suffers from slight impacting and abrasion.     

氢氧化铝粉体物料的精细分级研究

本研究采用新型ＷＦＪ－１５０型涡轮式空气分级机对高纯度氢氧化铝（０～４０μｍ）粉体原料进行了系统地精细分级试验研究。研究结果得出，调节分级机的风量或风速以及分级轮的转速等工艺参数，可从０～４０μｍ的高纯度氢氧化铝原料中获得０～１５μｍ、５～１５μｍ、０～５μｍ等含量达９９％以上的三种均细物料产品，其牛顿分级效率达８０％以上，分级机的处理能力达到１００ｋｇ／ｈ。     

氢氧化镍掺杂活性炭复合电化学电容器的研究

在活性炭中掺入一定量的Ni（OH）2作为电化学电容器的上下极活性物质,通过恒流充放电测试考察了掺入Ni（OH）2的活性炭正极与纯活性炭负极组成的复合型电容器,在不同充放电条件下的电化学电容特性。实验发现,该复合电容器的稳定工作电压可提高至1．3V,并具有较高的比电容量,可以有效地提高了电化学电容器的能量密度。与纯活性炭型电容器相比,其能量密度可以增加70％～85％,同时,这种复合型的电化学电容器具有较长的循环寿命和较低的自放电率。     

材料表面减粘自洁的研究与进展

从固体表面和外界接触的介质及表面材料的三相界面接触角等方面分别对减粘自洁现象进行深入探讨.揭示了各种材料表面的亲液、憎液、光催化、改形、改性和表面材料与介质粘附力等减粘自洁机理.阐述了表面减粘自洁材料在多种领域中的应用,提出在研究过程中表面减粘自洁材料面临的一些问题.     

衬底温度对纳米硅薄膜结构性能的影响

在等离子体化学气相沉积系统中采用高氢稀释硅烷蚀刻法制备了纳米硅薄膜。系统地研究了衬底温度对ｎｃ－Ｓｉ：Ｈ薄膜的结构性能的影响。结果表明随着衬底温度从２４０℃升高到３２０℃，薄膜的晶态率从２４％增大为６５％，平均晶粒尺寸从６ｎｍ增大为１０ｎｍ。当衬底温度≤２００℃时，生成薄膜为ａ－Ｓｉ：Ｈ薄膜。文中还对纳米硅薄膜的晶化机制进行了讨论。     

氢化锆表面氢渗透阻挡层形貌和组织分析

用氧化预处理和电镀法在氢化锆表面生成Cr-C镀层,经过400℃、10h预加热得到氢渗透阻挡层并对试样进行加热至700℃、保温10h的氢渗透试验。用XRD对氢渗透阻挡层的组成物进行了分析,用SEM对氢渗透试验后的阻挡层表面和截面进行观察和微区成分分析。分析结果表明,该阻挡层中存在Cr2O3、金属Cr、O和C,阻挡层与基体之间存在一个由baddeleyite结构的ZrO2组成的致密的过渡层;阻挡层基本致密。     

表面特性对超声波脱除冷表面冻结液滴的影响

本文研究了表面特性对超声波脱除冷表面冻结液滴的影响,对不同表面特性下超声波对不同粒径和不同冻结时间冻结液滴的脱除效果进行了对比分析. 试验结果表明,超声波可瞬间脱除冷表面冻结液滴,且随着表面接触角的增加,冷表面冻结液滴的脱除概率逐渐增大;冻结液滴粒径越大,冻结时间越长,表面特性对超声波脱除冻结液滴的效果越显著;与普通铝表面上冻结液滴脱除状况相比,表面接触角136°时,超声波可完全脱除其表面上冻结液滴. 试验结果为疏水表面应用于超声波抑/除霜提供了数据支撑.     

基板法铜粒子催化定向生长纳米碳纤维阵列

以乙炔(C2H2)为碳源,铜溶胶为催化剂前躯体,采用化学气相沉积法(CVD)在黄铜基板上定向生长纳米碳纤维阵列。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X光衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(IR)等手段对产物的形貌、成分进行了表征。结果表明:在反应温度为400～500℃时,制备出了纤维直径为150～200 nm,长度为几到几十个微米的纳米碳纤维阵列;随着反应温度升高或者反应时间的延长,纤维长度增加,负载时间的延长有利于阵列形貌的生成。     

The Effect of Surface Properties of Biomedical Materials on Their Blood Compatibility

The effect of surface properties of six types of biomedical materials on their blood compatibility was investigated in this study. The surface roughness of biomaterials was determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy （CLSM）. The contact angle was observed by contact angle measurement （CAM）. Then the surface free energy （SFE） and interfacial free energy （IFE） were calculated by the contact angle value based on the Owens- Wendt （OW） theoretical model and Young＇ s equation. Meanwhile, hemolytic assay was employed to evaluate the haemolysis. The experimental results showed that the greater roughness was, the greater contact angle would be ; the less proportion of polar component in surface free energy （SFE） was, the lower haemolysis would be.     

The Effect of Surface Properties of Biomedical Materials on Their Blood Compatibility

1Introduction Biomaterialsprovidethepossibilityofsavingpatient livesandimprovingthequalityofhumanlife.Blood com patibilityofbiomaterialsactsasakeyrolebecauseblood initiallycontactstheirsurface,laterthecellsadhereto andnewtissuegrowsinbiomaterials.Thereare…     

超细Al（OH）3粉体的表面改性与表征

目的 对超细Al(OH)3粉体的表面进行改性,增强其相容性、水溶性.方法 选用硬脂酸、有机硅、六偏磷酸钠、乙二醇对超细Al(OH)3粉体进行湿法改性,通过活化指数、润湿角、红外光谱和沉降分析,对改性Al(OH)3粉体的表面润湿性、改性前后粉体的表面键型的变化,以及改性粉体在水溶液中的分散稳定性进行测试,表征和评价了粉体表面改性的效果.结果 硬脂酸、有机硅、六偏磷酸钠、乙二醇对超细Al(OH)3粉体的改性后的活化指数均大于0.90;硬脂酸和有机硅增强了Al(OH)3粉体的亲油性,六偏磷酸钠和乙二醇增强了Al(OH)3粉体的亲水性.结论 硬脂酸、有机硅、六偏磷酸钠、乙二醇对超细Al(OH)3粉体都能起到显著的表面改性.     

Surface plasmon resonance sensor based on molecularly imprinted films for the detection of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN)

A novel surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensor based on molecularly imprinted films(MIFs)was developed for the detection of pentaerythritol tetranitrate(PETN).In this work,the thin MIFs were formed on a gold sensor chip through thermal co-polymerization of functional monomers(methacrylic acid,MAA)and crosslinking monomers(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate,EGDMA)in the presence of template molecules PETN.The template molecules PETN were subsequently removed from the MIFs simply by rinsing the MIFs with a mixture of acetonitrile and acetic acid 9∶1(v/v),thus the recognition sites were formed for specific detection of PETN.According to the mass coverage equation,the surface coverage of removed PETN from MIFs was about 10.8 ng/mm2.The developed SPR sensor allowed for the detection of PETN at concentration down to 10-10 mol/L.A control experiment utilizing an analogue cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine(RDX)showed MIFs' good selectivity to PETN.     

基于浸润参数和表面能理论的沥青与集料黏附性分析

为了解决沥青与集料黏附性缺乏量化评价方法的问题,分别采用光学接触角测量仪、表面张力测试仪和自动压汞仪对沥青与集料的接触角、沥青表面张力和集料的孔隙分别进行了测定,通过试验结果对沥青与集料的浸润参数和表面能参数进行了计算,并据此对沥青与集料的黏附性进行了评价;分析了沥青与集料黏附性的影响因素,并通过测定不同温度下沥青的表面张力,结合理论分析建立了沥青表面张力与温度的关系模型.研究结果表明:可以采用浸润参数和表面能理论对沥青与集料的黏附予以评价;较大的孔隙度和平均孔径有利于集料对沥青的吸附;沥青对集料的浸润深度h越大、浸润时间t越短,有利于产生更好的浸润效果;沥青与集料黏附功和浸润功越大,浸润性越好;沥青与集料间的黏附性与沥青表面张力、沥青与集料接触角以及集料表面特性等因素有关.     

基体表面状态对直流磁控溅射铬膜附着性的影响

在锆合金基体上制备直流磁控溅射铬膜，研究了基体宏观粗糙度、膜层沉积前的离子轰击对膜感附着性的影响，以探讨利用铬膜改善锆合金耐蚀性的可能性。实验中，使用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了界面形貌及Zr、Cr的界面分布，用划痕法测定了铬膜的附着性，结果表明：锆／铬界面结合良好，边界清晰，成分升降区依界面形貌不同而有差异；实验获得的铬膜附着性均超过20N；在本文条件下，机械锁紧力对附着性有重要影响；基体宏观粗糙度的增加对附着性无明显影响，但表面轻微粗化有利于膜的附着性；溅射前的基体离子轰击有利于提高铬膜与基体的附着力，但轰击时间过长并无意义。     

Al(OH)3掺杂非晶态氢氧化镍的制备及其电化学性能

采用微乳液法合成了Al(OH)3掺杂非晶态Ni(OH)2粉体.研究了温度、pH值和掺杂剂的含量等各种因素对其电化学性能的影响并分析了其作用机理.实验表明样品制备的工艺条件为t=50℃、pH=12、 Al(OH)3掺杂含量为5%时,样品电极容易活化,循环性能较好.采用以100 mA/g恒电流充电4 h,以50 mA/g恒电流放电,终止电压为1.0 V的充放电制度,其比容量达346.1 mA·h/g,放电工作电位平稳于1.24 V.     

石灰湿法脱硫过程中Ca(OH)_2碳酸化问题的研究

本文采用模拟烟气,着重研究了石灰湿法脱硫过程中Ca(OH)_2的碳酸化问题,指出了在烟气脱硫过程中CaCO_3的生成量与脱硫液初始pH值的关系 , 对石灰湿法脱硫的实际应用具有一定的指导意义。     

8-羟基喹啉合铜(II)配合物的合成与结构表征

8-羟基喹啉与过渡金属离子铜 ( II)配合反应生成 8-羟基喹啉合铜 ( II)配合物 ,在其 DMF溶液中培养出单晶。通过 X-射线衍射分析测定其分子结构。该配合物属于单斜晶系 ,空间群 P2 1/c。晶胞参数为 a=1 0 .648( 2 ) ,b=8.60 70 ( 1 7) ,c=1 5 .2 5 5 ( 3) ,β=1 0 2 .2 4°,V=1 366.3( 5 ) ,Dc=1 .71 0 g· cm- 3,Z=4。在晶体结构中 ,铜 ( II)分别与两个 8-羟基喹啉的两个氧原子及两个氮原子相连     

Effects of Substrate Temperatures on the Structure and UV-shielding Properties of TiO_2-CeO_2 Films Deposited on Glass by Radio-frequency Magnetron Sputtering

1Introduction Theultravioletrays(UV)insunlight(-4%)cantransmitintoroomthroughcommonfloatglass,theUVcanmakethematerialsintheroom,eg,paper,furni ture,textilefabricandplastics,becoloredanddeterio rated.ShieldingfromUVirradiationisofinterestinmanyfields.Formu…     

Template Effect on Structure and Morphology of Ni(OH)2 Powders Prepared by Hydro-chemical Method

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Fabrication of GaN epitaxial films on Al_2O_3/Si (001) substrates

Ｇａｌｌｉｕｍｎｉｔｒｉｄｅｈａｓａｄｉｒｅｃｔｅｎｅｒｇｙｂａｎｄｇａｐｏｆ3.39ｅＶａｔｒｏｏｍｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅａｎｄｍａｙｂｅａｐｐｌｉｅｄｔｏｂｌｕｅ,ｖｉｏｌｅｔａｎｄｕｌｔｒａｖｉｏｌｅｔ(ＵＶ)ｌｉｇｈｔｅｍｉｔｔｉｎｇｄｅｖｉｃｅｓｓｕｃｈａｓｌｉｇｈｔｅｍｉｔｔｉｎｇｄｉｏｄｅｓ(ＬＥＤｓ),ｌａｓｅｒｄｉｏｄｅｓ(ＬＤｓ),ａｎｄｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｄｅｖｉｃｅｓ[1—3].Ｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙ,ｃｏｌｕｍｎＩＩＩ—Ｖｎｉｔｒｉｄｅｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｏｎｅｏｆ…