采用高效液相色谱串联质谱法分析黑粒小麦麸皮中的花色苷组成

以黒粒小麦麸皮为原料,应用高效液相色谱配以串联质谱和二极管阵列检测技术对黒粒小麦中麸皮中的花色苷的组成进行了分析。结果显示:从黒粒小麦麸皮中分离鉴定出9种不同的花色苷类化合物———矢车菊素-己糖苷、矢车菊素-芦丁苷、芍药素-己糖苷、矢车菊素-丙二酰葡萄糖苷、飞燕草素-己糖苷、飞燕草色素-芦丁苷、锦葵色素-芦丁苷、芍药素-芦丁苷及牵牛花素-芦丁苷,其中飞燕草类花色苷和矢车菊素类花色苷是主要花色苷,分别占全部花色苷含量的50.27%和30.04%。     

黑果腺肋花楸花色苷提取工艺优化及其抗氧化活性和组成鉴定

目的：优化超声波辅助提取黑果腺肋花楸花色苷的条件,测定花色苷的抗氧化能力,鉴定黑果腺肋花楸花色苷提取物的组成成分。方法：采用响应面法优化花色苷提取条件,通过1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除能力、2,2’-联氨-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐自由基清除能力及Fe3＋还原能力方法评价其抗氧化能力,高效液相色谱-质谱联用法进行成分分析。结果表明：提取温度60?℃、超声功率100?W、料液比1∶30（g/mL）、超声时间31?min、乙醇体积分数64%和pH?2.0时为最优提取条件,此时黑果腺肋花楸花色苷含量可达（3.61±0.01）mg/g。体外抗氧化实验表明,在相同质量浓度条件下,黑果腺肋花楸花色苷提取物的抗氧化活性明显高于VC。组分鉴定表明黑果腺肋花楸花色苷提取物中共有6?种花色苷,其中矢车菊-己糖苷二聚体和矢车菊-3,5-二己糖苷为新检测出的2?种花色苷。     

蔓越莓花色苷的组成鉴定及抗氧化能力

对蔓越莓花色苷的组成进行鉴定,并对其抗氧化能力进行测定。采用pH示差法测定花色苷提取量,超高压辅助提取蔓越莓花色苷含量为（75.49±0.43）mg/100?g,常规溶剂提取蔓越莓花色苷含量为（67.31±1.08）mg/100?g,蔓越莓中总花色苷含量为（79.52±0.50）mg/100?g;选择AB-8大孔树脂对蔓越莓花色苷粗提物进行纯化,冻干粉中花色苷含量从（46.10±0.92）mg/g提高到（309.26±2.37）mg/g。通过测定1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除率、2,2’-联氮基-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐自由基清除能力和总抗氧化能力,比较蔓越莓花色苷与VC的抗氧化能力。结果表明：同质量浓度条件下,蔓越莓花色苷的抗氧化能力强于VC。通过高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术在蔓越莓中鉴定出7?种花色苷：芍药素-3,5-二己糖苷、矢车菊素-3-半乳糖苷、矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素-3-阿拉伯糖苷、芍药素-3-半乳糖苷、芍药素-3-葡萄糖苷、芍药素-3-阿拉伯糖苷,其中芍药素-3,5-二己糖苷首次在蔓越莓中被鉴定出。     

红树莓花色苷含量测定及成分分析

运用HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS技术建立了测定红树莓花色苷含量的方法,并确定了花色苷的成分组成。采用Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),甲醇-5%甲酸水溶液为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为520 nm,以矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷为对照,用外标法定量,并通过紫外扫描光谱信息和ESI+碎片离子信息对花色苷组成成分定性分析。结果表明:红树莓总花色苷含量为105.69 mg/100 g,其主要含有的4种花色苷成分为矢车菊素-3-槐糖苷、矢车菊素-3-槐糖-5-鼠李糖苷、矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷,相对含量分别为22.05%、13.83%、33.74%和30.38%。     

新疆野生樱桃李果皮中花色苷提取工艺优化及成分鉴定

目的优化新疆野生樱桃李果皮中花色苷的提取工艺并鉴定其中主要花色苷成分。方法采用单因素实验和L9(34)正交试验优化花色苷的提取工艺,并用色价法、示差法测定其含量。通过液相色谱-电喷雾-质谱(liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry, LC-ESI-MS)方法初步鉴定提取物中花色苷的主要成分。结果野生樱桃李果皮花色苷的最优提取条件为:溶剂1%HCl-甲醇,固液比1:5,温度55℃,时间80 min,紫皮野生樱桃李总花色苷含量480.81 mg/100 g。野生樱桃李果皮主要花色苷为矢车菊-3-半乳糖苷、矢车菊-3-葡萄糖苷、矢车菊-3-芸香糖苷、矢车菊-3-木糖苷。结论本研究为新疆野生樱桃李果皮中花色苷类化合物的提取和成分鉴定提供重要实验数据。     

野生桑葚中花色苷成分分析

运用固相萃取纯化技术与高效液相色谱/二极管阵列检测器/电喷雾质谱联用技术,采用ZorbaxSB-C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),甲醇-5%甲酸水溶液为流动相,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为520nm,以矢车菊素3-葡萄糖苷为对照,外标法测定了野生桑葚花色苷含量,并通过紫外扫描光谱和电喷雾质谱正离子碎片信息确定了花色苷的成分组成。结果表明:野生桑葚总花色苷含量为154.27mg/100g,含有的三种花色苷成分分别为矢车菊素3-葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素3-芸香糖苷和天竺葵素3-葡萄糖苷,其相对含量为67.52%、31.29%和1.06%。     

HPLC-Q-TOF-MS-MS测定桑椹中多酚类物质

采用高效液相色谱与四极杆飞行时间串联质谱（high performance liquid chromatography of quadrupole time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-Q-TOF-MS-MS）联用技术定性检测桑椹中多酚类物质,新鲜桑椹样品经体积分数80%丙酮溶液超声辅助提取15 min后,采用C18固相萃取小柱分离纯化,纯化后的样品进行质谱鉴定。采用HPLC-Q-TOF-MS-MS对多酚进行分析：初步鉴定了桑椹中存在14 种多酚类物质,主要以酚酸、花色苷和黄酮的形式存在。其中6 种酚酸：3-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸、4-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸、二聚绿原酸、二聚4-O-咖啡酰奎宁酸、绿原酸顺式异构体、3,5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸。4 种花色苷：飞燕草-3-半乳糖苷、飞燕草-3-葡萄糖苷、矢车菊-3-葡萄糖苷、矢车菊-3-芸香糖苷;3 种黄酮：芦丁、鞣花酸己糖苷和槲皮素3-O-（6’-O-丙二酰）葡萄糖苷,1 种白藜芦醇衍生物。HPLC-Q-TOF-MS-MS可以鉴定出桑椹的多酚类物质。     

紫薯花色苷分离纯化及主要成分的研究

以紫薯花色苷为研究对象,研究了5种大孔树脂和洗脱条件对紫薯花色苷的纯化的影响,并且利用液相色谱与质谱联用技术分离鉴定了紫薯花色苷的主要成分。结果表明,采用AB-8型大孔树脂纯化,原料液p H值为3,洗脱剂乙醇体积分数为60%时,能较好实现花色苷纯化;根据质谱分子离子峰和碎片峰等以及光谱信息鉴定为矢车菊素葡萄糖苷、原花青素、芍药素3-槐糖苷-5-葡萄苷、矢车菊素-3-(6'-咖啡酰槐糖苷)-5-葡糖苷、鞣花单宁、芍药素3-(阿魏酰-羟基苯甲酰槐糖苷)-5-葡萄苷等物质。     

黑豆皮花色苷的中压液相色谱制备及结构鉴定

以黑豆皮为实验材料,用乙醇浸提法对黑豆皮中的花色苷进行提取,用大孔吸附树脂对花色苷进行纯化,经冷冻干燥得到黑豆皮花色苷粗品。利用中压制备色谱对花色苷组分进行分离,通过质谱分析鉴定经中压制备色谱分离后的花色苷组分。结果表明:黑豆皮花色苷粗品中的总花色苷含量为26.9%,经中压制备色谱对花色苷粗品进行分离后的2峰中矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷纯度达到91.46%。黑豆皮中的主要花色苷为天竺葵素-3-O-芸香糖苷、芍药色素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷和锦葵素-3-葡萄糖苷-4-乙醛。     

紫薯花色苷在贮藏过程中的降解特性

本研究通过高效液相色谱-串联质谱（high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS）法分析鉴定‘鄂薯12号’紫薯的花色苷成分,采用pH示差法和HPLC法研究该紫薯花色苷提取液在4、20、35 ℃贮藏98 d期间总花色苷和各单体花色苷的变化规律,并在此基础上研究了花色苷的降解动力学以及褐变指数和聚合物颜色指数。结果表明：从‘鄂薯12号’紫薯提取物中鉴定出13 种花色苷,主要为矢车菊素-3-槐糖苷-5-葡糖苷和芍药素-3-槐糖苷-5-葡糖苷与对羟基苯甲酸、阿魏酸或咖啡酸形成的酰基化花色苷;贮藏期间总花色苷和各单体花色苷的含量呈下降趋势,花色苷的降解符合一级动力学模型;4、20 ℃和35 ℃贮藏条件下总花色苷半衰期分别为228.8、48.1 d和32.6 d;在相同糖苷配体情况下,矢车菊素类花色苷的半衰期要短于芍药素;在相同花色素配体情况下,酰基化花色苷的半衰期要长于未酰基化花色苷,且二酰化花色苷的半衰期长于单酰化花色苷;褐变指数和聚合物颜色指数随贮藏时间的延长和贮藏温度的升高而增大,并且聚合物颜色指数与花色苷含量之间呈指数关系。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the