Influence of the applied charge on the electro-chemical degradation in green phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes

The influence of the current density on the chemical degradation processes of a phosphorescent OLED based on Ir(ppy)₃ emitter is investigated by laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Comparing the mass spectra collected for unaged and aged OLEDs, the formation of different chemical degradation products could be detected and are identified as dimer and trimer products of BPhen as well as Cs-adducts of these polymers and the well-known emitter-BPhen-adduct ([Ir(ppy)₂BPhen]⁺). In this work, we will show that the formation of [Ir(ppy)₂BPhen]⁺ depends strongly on the amount of the charge flowing through the device, where the other degradation products show a much different behaviour.     

新型有机电致蓝色磷光器件的研究

设计了一种Ge/Si波导集成型雪崩光电二极管(APD)。器件采用将Si波导层置于Ge吸收层之下的结构,光经波导层进入吸收层只需一次耦合,降低了光的损耗,提高了光的吸收率和光电流。采用silvaco软件对器件的结构和性能进行仿真,结果表明:器件的雪崩击穿电压为-28V,最大内量子效率达到89%,在1.15~1.60μm范围内具有较高响应度,峰值波长位于1.31μm,单位响应度最高达0.74A/W,3dB带宽为10GHz。 更多还原     

新型有机电致蓝色磷光器件的研究

研究了基于FIrpic的超薄非掺杂有机电致蓝色磷光器件的光电特性.改变超薄非掺杂FIrpic发光层以及其隔离层的厚度,可以调控FIrpic分子的聚集及激子相互作用强度对器件性能的影响.研究结果表明,具有TCTA 5 nm/FIrpic 1 nm/TCTA 5 nm/FIrpic 1 nm/TPBI 5 nm/FIrpic 1 nm多发光层结构的器件性能较优,最大发光效率为9.9 cd/A,超薄非掺杂发光层结构避免了掺杂方法中共沉积磷光材料浓度的精确控制,有利于简化器件制备工艺.     

高效率白色有机电致发光器件

通过引入磷光材料Ir(pPy3)作为敏化剂,制作了高效率的白色有机电致发光器件.Ir(pPy)3和荧光染料DCJTB共掺入CBP母体中.此共掺层的厚度以及浓度都影响到整个器件的效率和颜色.Alq和BCP分别用作电子传输层和激子阻挡层,NPB用作蓝光发光层和空穴传输层.器件的最大效率和亮度分别可以达到9 cd/A和12 020 cd/m2.通过调节掺杂层的厚度以及Ir(ppy)3和DCJTB的浓度,可以得到相当纯正的白光,其色坐标为(0.33,0.32),在10～19 V的范围内几乎不随驱动电压的变化而变化.     

Improved Performance of White Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes through a Mixed‐Host Structure

Highly efficient white phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes with a mixed‐host structure are developed and the device characteristics are studied. The introduction of a hole‐transport‐type host (N, N’‐dicarbazolyl‐3‐3‐benzen (mCP)) into an electron‐transport‐type host (m‐bis‐(triphenylsilyl)benzene (UGH3)) as a mixed‐host emissive layer effectively achieves higher current density and lower driving voltage. The peak external quantum and power efficiency with the mixed‐host structure improve up to 18.9% and 40.9 lm/W, respectively. Moreover, this mixed‐host structure device shows over 30% enhanced performance compared with a single‐host structure device at a luminance of 10,000 cd/m² without any change in the electroluminescence spectra.     

一种正丙基环己烷修饰红光铱(Ⅲ)配合物的合成与发光性能研究

为了提高铱配合物材料的溶解性,同时具有较高的热稳定性,将正丙基环己烷引入到配体中合成了一种新型结构的红色磷光铱(Ⅲ)配合物Ir(pcpiq)₂acac(pcpiq=1-[4-(4-丙基环己基)苯基]异喹啉,acac=乙酰丙酮负离子)。通过紫外-可见光吸收光谱、荧光发射光谱、循环伏安测试和差热扫描分析对其光学性能、电化学性能和热稳定性进行了研究。以其作为发光材料,按照4~12%的掺杂浓度,分别以真空蒸镀和溶液旋涂工艺制备了有机电致发光器件(OLED)。结果显示,以Alq3为主体的蒸镀工艺制备的器件,EL光谱发射峰位于639nm,亮度达到5987cd/m²,10V电压时电流效率和功率效率分别为6.11cd/A和1.64lm/W,器件发出了较纯正的红光,其色坐标位于(0.68,0.32)。

     

Interlayer Engineering with Different Host Material Properties in Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

We investigated the light‐emitting performances of blue phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes, known as PHOLEDs, by incorporating an N,N’‐dicarbazolyl‐3,5‐benzen interlayer between the hole transporting layer and emitting layer (EML). We found that the effects of the introduced interlayer for triplet exciton confinement and hole/electron balance in the EML were exceptionally dependent on the host materials: 9‐(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)‐3.6‐bis(triphenylsilyl)‐9H‐carbazole, 9‐(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)‐3.6‐ditrityl‐9H‐carbazole, and 4,4’‐bis‐triphenylsilanyl‐biphenyl. When an appropriate interlayer and host material were combined, the peak external quantum efficiency was greatly enhanced by over 21 times from 0.79% to 17.1%. Studies on the recombination zone using a series of host materials were also conducted.     

空穴传输层NPB中掺杂Alq3制备高性能的蓝光器件

研究了在空穴传输层NPB中掺杂Alq3制备高性能的蓝光有机电致发光器件（OLED）。采用传统的材料和结构,在空穴传输层NPB中掺杂Alq3,在掺杂浓度为3％时,OLED的色坐标为（0．17,0．19）、亮度为10770cd／m^2（在13V时）和最大效率为4．1cd／A。在同等条件下,Alq3掺杂降低了开启电压,在7V时亮度达到了118．8cd／m^2。研究分析表明,OLED性能的提高是由于NPB的HOMO能级比Alq3的HOMO能级高,掺杂剂Alq3对空穴有散射作用,阻挡了部分空穴的传输,降低了空穴的迁移率;而Alq3又是很好的电子传输材料,Alq3掺杂提高了空穴和电子在发光层中的注入平衡,有利于激子的形成,从而提高了器件的性能。     

Wide color-range tunable and low roll-off fluorescent organic light emitting devices based on double undoped ultrathin emitters

We demonstrated a novel wide color-range tunable, highly efficient and low efficiency roll-off fluorescent organic light-emitting diode (OLED) using two undoped ultrathin emitters having complementary colors and an interlayer between them. The OLED can be tuned to emit sky blue (0.22, 0.30), cold white (0.29, 0.33), warm white (0.43, 0.42) and yellow (0.40, 0.45) according to the Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage (CIE) 1931 (x, y) chromaticity diagram. The device fabrication was simplified by eliminating doping process in the emission layers. The influence of interlayer thickness on luminous efficiency, efficiency roll-off and color tuning mechanism is thoroughly studied. The recombination zone is greatly broadened in the optimized device, which contributes to stable energy transfer to both emitters and suppressed concentration quenching. With a threshold voltage of 2.82 V, the color tunable organic light emitting diode (CT-OLED) shows a maximum luminance of 39,810 cd/m², a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) 6% and the efficiency roll-off as low as 11.1% at the luminance from 500 cd/m² to 5000 cd/m². This structure of CT-OLED has great advantages of easy fabrication and low reagent consumption. The fabricated CT-OLEDs are tunable from cold white (0.30, 0.36) to warm white (0.43, 0.42) with correlated color temperature (CCT) 6932 K and 3072 K, respectively, demonstrating that our proposed approach helps to meet the need for lighting with various CCTs.     

Bright green organic light-emitting devices having a composite electron transport layer

A bright green organic light-emitting device employing a co-deposited Al-Alq₃ layer has been fabricated. The device structure is glass/indium tin oxide (ITO)/ N, N′-diphenyl-N, N′- (3-methylphenyl)-1, 1′-biphenyl-4, 4′-diamine (TPD)/tris(8-quinolinolato) aluminum (Alq₃)/ Al-Alq₃/Al. In this device, Al-Alq₃ is used as electron transport layer (ETL). The device shows an operation voltage of 6.1 V at 20 mA/cm². At optimal condition, the brightness of a device at 20 mA/cm² is 2195 cd/m² achieved a luminance efficiency of 5.64lm/W. The result proves that the composite Al-Alq₃ layer is suitable for the ETL of organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs).     

Influence from Cavity Decay on Entanglement Evolution of Three Superconducting Charge Qubits Coupled to a Cavity

We investigate the entanglement dynamics of a quantum system consisting of three Superconducting charge qubits （SCQs） interacting with a single-mode cav- ity field. Considering the Rotating wave approximation （RWA） and the resonance condition, we give the effective Hamiltonian of the system involving cavity decay. The dy- namical evolution is studied in terms of the entanglements in the different bipartite partitions of the system, as quan- tified by the square concurrence. With the choice of the appropriate initial states, a four-qubit W-entangled state can be obtained. We study the effect of cavity decay on various square concurrences in the system, the results show that the peak value of the square concurrence declines with the increase of cavity decay when the other parameters are fixed, but the cavity decay does not change the period of the square concurrence. We also find a natural entangle- ment transfer and entanglement invariant under evolution of the effective Hamiltonian.