壳牌气化炉长周期运行仪表测控优化

壳牌气化炉的长周期运行主要是由气化炉炉温的控制效果所决定。它是氧煤比的精准控制,同时也是各煤烧咀线的速度、密度测量以及角阀的稳定控制,最终通过缩小煤线质量流量与粉煤仓的煤粉重量两个参数之间的差距,最终实现煤线测控稳定和气化炉长周期运行。     

LNT再生工况下的柴油机EGR系统试验研究

本文通过对LNT再生工况进气歧管烧融现象的研究及试验分析,确定烧融的主要原因是高温排气直吹进气歧管壁面且排气温度超出材料耐受温度导致。通过对EGR出气管结构和标定策略优化改进,并通过试验验证了改进效果,对EGR系统的设计开发具有指导意义。     

基于煤气化技术的水冷壁气化炉研究

煤气化技术是煤炭深加工技术的一个分支,是整体煤气化联合循环发电技术的重要组成部分。笔者介绍了相关的研究背景,阐述了SHELL炉的煤粉制备和送料系统、气化炉及煤气冷却剂等技术,详细研究了气化炉的基本原理,并对煤气化技术水冷壁气化炉的一些注意事项进行了分析。     

气化炉液压系统额定工作压力分析研究

该文对气化炉液压系统的额定工作压力进行了分析,首先对气化炉煤锁上阀、下阀和灰锁上阀、下阀进行了受力分析,然后通过液压系统设计理论,以及压力损失分析和安全系数,来最终确认气化炉液压系统的额定工作压力大小,为气化炉的液压系统设计提供了一定的理论依据。     

气化炉表面测温系统在德士古气化炉上的应用

为有效预测气化炉炉内耐火砖减薄的程度,气化炉安装有表面测温系统,而炉表面温度间接地反应了耐火砖使用情况。表面测温系统是保证气化炉安全运行的重要设施,主要由测温元件、安装附件和多路温度采集系统组成,通过Modbus方式与DCS系统实现冗余通信,相比传统4mA～20mA方式可节约大量资金和减少安装、维护工作量。     

直生式天然气可控气氛在热处理中的应用

对直生式天然气可控气氛在周期式多用炉和连续式气体渗碳炉中的应用研究表明，采用天然气加空气直生式气氛用于零件的渗碳和气体保护是可行的。     

新型燃烧器在锻造炉上的应用

我厂锻造炉原烧油改为烧天燃气，采用平焰烧咀，该烧咀具有加热速度快，工件加热温度均匀燃烧稳定，氧化烧损少，炉龄寿命长，充分利用烟气余热能使空气预热300℃，节省天然气热效率高。     

新型水冷壁气化炉的制造特点

气化炉形式多样,新型水冷壁气化炉为新试制设备,结构复杂,制造难度大,详细介绍了新型水冷壁气化炉主要零部件的制造难点及解决办法,作为后续同类产品的参考。     

江苏：对秸秆气化炉进行试验鉴定

近日．江苏省农机局秸秆综合利用专家组针对全省生产秸秆气化炉企业及产品进行了实地考察,江苏省农机试验鉴定站也组织人员编写了《秸秆气化炉检验细则》、《秸秆气化炉推广鉴定大纲》、《秸秆气化炉试验鉴定工作规范》。目前,江苏省农机试验鉴定站正组织人员对全省生产的秸秆气化炉产品进行性能检测和生产试验。试验数据可为江苏省秸秆气化炉产品鉴定、示范、推广工作提供技术支撑。     

水煤浆气化炉工艺烧嘴有关问题分析

从水煤浆气化炉工艺烧嘴最长使用天数及修理情况介绍入手,分析了影响水煤浆气化炉工艺烧嘴使用寿命的主要因素,在此基础上提出了延长水煤浆气化炉工艺喷嘴使用寿命的有效途径。     

垃圾气化技术与设备研究

垃圾气化是一项新型能源开发及垃圾环保处理的新技术。该技术将预先筛选、破碎的城市生活垃圾,送入到气化炉中,在气化炉的控制条件下,使垃圾中的有机组分发生化学反应,经过一定的处理手段,最终制得清洁可燃气体供人们使用。分析了国内外近年来垃圾热分解技术的研究进展,阐明了垃圾气化的化学原理,结合图例及研究概况,分类介绍了垃圾气化工艺及主要设备,最后,对垃圾气化技术的应用前景进行了展望。     

燃气灶点火定时开关的设计

设计制作一种机械式燃气灶定时开关,可以根据使用者预先设定的时间到时准确关闭,从而能够达到杜绝厨房安全隐患的目的。本设计利用外接的定时器对燃气灶进行时间控制,通过机械结构的传动准确关闭点火开关。其特点是工作稳定,受环境影响小,成本低,安装方便等。     

浅议接近开关的分类及应用

阐述了常用接近开关的基本工作原理、分类、特点及在控制系统中的应用方法和注意事项,为设计控制系统选用接近开关。提供一些经验。     

Influence of gaseous components and pressures on hydrogen embrittlement of natural gas pipeline

Hydrogen usually penetrates metals through defects such as dislocations, vacancies, and crystalline imperfections and causes embrittlement, leading to cleavage fracture and intergranular fracture. Synthetic natural gas produced by coal gasification, biogas, and landfill gas inevitably contain hydrogen. Therefore, hydrogen embrittlement of pipeline materials should be considered when they are mixed with conventional natural gas and supplied to customers. To analyze hydrogen embrittlement of base metals and girth weld metals of API 5L X70 and X65 gas pipelines, a specimen was treated in 100 % hydrogen environment at 10 MPa to determine the hydrogen concentration in it. Small punch (SP) tests were performed under various gaseous components and pressures. When SP tests were performed at very low speed, hydrogen embrittlement could be observed. Specimens became very susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement with increasing hydrogen partial pressure in the hydrogen/methane gas mixture, and the SP energy also decreased dramatically.     

Allothermal Fluidized Bed Reactor for Steam Gasification of Biomass

This article evaluates a hybrid multi-compartment cyclic fluidized-bed reactor for the allothermal steam gasification of biomass. The concept combines space and time delocalization to approach an ideal allothermal gasifier. Thermochemical conversion of biomass in time and space sequences of steam biomass gasification and char/biomass combustion is envisioned in which the exothermic combustion compartments provide heat into an array of interspersed endothermic steam gasification compartments. This concept may enhance unit heat integration and thermal efficiency while procuring nitrogen-free synthesis gas without requiring addition of oxygen (or air) to the steam gasification compartment nor contact between the flue gas and the synthesis gas. The strengths and weaknesses of existing autothermal and allothermal gasification technologies are analyzed and a new allothermal reactor concept is introduced. Elements of gasification chemistry, fluidization hydrodynamics, and heat transfer requirements are described that are relevant for the design of the multi-compartment fluidized-bed gasifier/combustor. A preliminary design of the experimental hot mock-up is presented, including a discussion of process diagrams and mass balance.     

Pyrolysis and gasification characterization of sewage sludge for high quality gas and char production

A study on pyrolysis, steam gasification, and carbonization-activation was conducted to produce energy and resource from waste sewage sludge. Carbonization-activation is a sequential process of pyrolysis and steam gasification. The experiment was conducted with a batch-type fixed bed reactor. A comparative analysis on the formation characteristics of products, such as gas, tar, and char, was conducted to evaluate the three cases. For sludge char, carbonization-activation showed the largest amount of porosity in the char, and its specific surface area was 80.28 m²/g with an average pore diameter of 6.229 nm. The best adsorption ability of benzene, a light tar, was 175 mg/g. For the producer gas, steam gasification obtained the largest amount of 20.1 L. Similarly, carbonization-activation showed a large value of 16.6 L. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide concentrations were higher in the producer gas due to steam reforming compared with carbonization-activation. Energy yields were 209 kJ and 226 kJ for steam gasification and carbonization-activation, respectively. The amount of tar formation did not show a significant difference, but the largest one was found in steam gasification. The gravimetric tar amount for steam gasification was 23.5 g/Nm³. However, the selected light tar displayed the lowest concentration for the carbonization-activation. Such concentrations were 2.79 g/Nm³, 0.75 g/Nm³, 0.14 g/Nm³, and 0.14 g/Nm³ for benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, and pyrene, respectively. Therefore, carbonization-activation was found to be the most effective process for producing high quality sludge char and producer gas for utilizing waste sludge into renewable energy and resources.     

LNG行业自动化解决方案

天然气作为清洁能源受到越来越多国家的青睐，在能源供应中正以每年约12%的高速增长，很多国家都将LNG列为首选燃料。我国对LNG产业的发展也越来越重视。仪器仪表自动化系统是LNG气化站的一个重要组成部分。本文根据有关的工艺特点，提出其具体解决方案。     

家用燃气热水器/两用炉测试台电路设计

本文介绍了在家用燃气热水器／两用炉测试台中。温度，压力，流量参数的采集系统以及单片机与PC机通讯电路的设计。     

热脏发生炉煤气轧钢加热炉低能耗技术

介绍了热脏发生炉煤气加热炉的煤气炉选型、炉型、换热器及蓄热式燃烧技术的缺陷,通过分析比较,找出实现低煤耗的各种技术环节。     

富氧煤气生产新工艺的实际应用及效益

通过向混合发生炉煤气气化剂—空气中充入一定比例的O2,以提高气化剂中O2含量,降低N2含量,使原料煤在富氧的气化条件下,更加完全的进行煤炭气化反应,从而提高煤气发热值,降低灰渣含C量,提高煤炭利用率,以达到节能减排、降本增效的作用。