循环流化床干燥羽绒的试验分析

通过建立流化床干燥装置分别在不同工况下对羽绒进行试验研究，将试验结果进行整理、分析比较，总结出了羽绒的流化干燥特性，为实际使用的流化床干燥系统提供了理论依据。     

稻壳内混式循环流化床燃烧试验研究

在循环流化床燃烧试验台上对稻壳的燃烧特性进行了冷热态试验研究,冷态试验确定了稻壳与河砂按一定比例掺混后的临界流化风速与单一稻壳的流化风速基本一致,且稻壳流化范围较窄.通过热态试验确定了适合稻壳燃烧的流化速度应为1～2.5 n/s,同时为提高稻壳燃尽效率应尽量提早给入一部分二次风.试验结果表明,一二次风比例为7∶3时可以...     

胡萝卜热风干燥特性实验研究

对新鲜胡萝卜进行了热风干燥特性实验研究,测量了干燥过程中的温度、质量和尺寸随干燥时间的变化,分析了干基含水率和温度随时间的干燥特性曲线。研究结果表明：胡萝卜干燥过程大致可以分为三个阶段，恒速干燥期、第一降速期和第二降速期；胡萝卜干燥过程物理尺寸保留率与干基含水率较符合二次多项式关系；在本实验条件范围内热风温度、速度和相对湿度对胡萝卜干燥速率具有一定的影响：温度越高、风速越大、相对湿度越小,干燥速率越大。     

喷雾流化干燥系统的优化设计

简要介绍了喷雾流化干燥系统，并用计算费用法对其进行了优化设计，通过比较发现优化设计能够降低能耗、运行费用及系统的总投资。     

循环流化床二次风射程的数值模拟和实验

以国内某电厂410 t/h循环流化床锅炉为原型,用有机玻璃按10∶1的比例建立了1套冷模可视化实验装置.在测量二次风喷口所在炉膛截面物料浓度的基础上,对不同二次风速、不同炉膛流化风速条件下二次风的射程进行了实验研究和数值模拟.结果表明:炉膛物料浓度随一次风速的变化而变化,二次风的引入显著地改变了炉膛内物料浓度的分布;在物料特性和喷口特性一定的情况下,二次风的射程随着二次风风速的增加而近似成幂函数增加,其指数在0.5～1之间变化,指数值随着炉膛流化风的增加逐渐减小,且减小幅度逐渐增大.     

燃稻草流化床床料烧结特性的研究

以燃稻草流化床床料烧结现象为研究对象,通过实验研究了流化风速和床温对流化时间的影响规律以及调节运行条件对恢复流化的作用规律以及烧结块的形成机理。研究结果表明,当床温达到750℃以上时,会出现明显的床料烧结现象;流化时间随着床温的升高或流化风速的降低而缩短;流化停止后降低床温至700℃可使流化基本恢复。对烧结块中处于不同发展阶段的粘结物的SEM/EDS分析结果表明,粘结物是由稻草颗粒在其燃烧过程中形成的,并提出了新的烧结块形成机理假设。     

生物质流化床热风干燥特性研究

在一个自制的能实时检测质量的流化床干燥试验装置上对一种速生林木材的热风干燥特性进行了深入系统的研究,分析了热风温度、热风速度以及料层高度等对生物质样品干燥热特性的影响。结果表明:干燥速率随温度和风速的增加而增大;随料层厚度的增加而下降;物料的含水率越高,干燥速率越快,随含水率的变化,各条件对干燥速率的影响程度发生改变。通过对干燥过程模拟分析发现,干燥曲线以及脱水速率分别符合薄层Page模型和线性方程模型,且干燥方程中的参数k主要受风温和料层厚度影响,参数n则主要受风速影响。     

内蒙古地区风资源评估与风场特征风速的推导

对内蒙古二十四个地区的风能资源进行评估,得到风谱图.首先提出了利用WAsP软件对1998年至2008年期间内蒙古二十四地区的风资源资料中的基础进行分析;然后利用风速威布尔分布函数和风力发电机组输出功率的威布尔的概率密度函数,求两个函数的极值,推导出切入风速和额定风速的公式.最后以内蒙古六个地区为例,计算不同风资源条件下的切入风速和额定风速.     

羽绒流态化干燥动力学特性的试验研究

为满足江苏省徐州某羽绒制备厂提出的产量高、成色好的生产要求 ,以流化床干燥技术为基础 ,通过大量的试验 ,对羽绒的流态化干燥系统及其特性进行了研究。研究结果为生产设备、工艺流程的设计提供了可靠的试验依据和新的思路     

450t/h CFB锅炉风水冷选择性冷渣器冷态模化实验

以某电厂450t／h CFB锅炉的风水冷选择性冷渣器为原型，建立了几何尺寸相似的可视化冷渣器实验装置，采用电厂实际排渣物料进行冷态模化实验，深入研究了该冷渣器的临界流化速度以及在不同料层厚度下的料层压力特性和各仓室在不同配风比下的排渣速率特性。实验表明：实际排渣属宽筛分物料，冷渣器各风室的实际流化风量下限值高于设计值，通过合理调配各仓室的风量比关系可明显提高冷渣器的排渣速率。所得实验数据和运行规律可为冷渣器的可靠运行提供参考依据和操作指导。图8表1参7     

热泵干燥菊花特性实验研究

搭建热泵干燥实验台,研究干燥室内不同热风温度、循环风速和排湿时间对菊花干燥特性的影响,并感官评定成品品质。结果表明:热风温度越高、循环风速越大或排湿时间越长,含水率越低,热风温度对含水率的影响最为明显;热风温度越高或循环风速越大,干燥初始相对湿度越大,干燥到一定时间相对湿度反而越小,转折时间点均约为10h,干燥全过程排湿时间越长,相对湿度越小;热风温度、循环风速对干燥速率与对相对湿度的影响呈现相同的规律,转折时间点分别为15和17h;热风温度越高、循环风速越大或排湿时间越长,干燥周期越短。任何一种参数过高均会影响成品品质,需综合调控这三个参数才能得到最佳干燥品质。     

基于CFD技术的太阳能污泥干燥室内热湿环境研究

基于传热传质理论,建立一种太阳能污泥干燥室内热湿耦合传递的数学模型。综合考虑空气流动以及对流和辐射传热,利用CFD软件Fluent的k~ε湍流模型、组分输运模型及辐射模型,初步分析了在太阳辐射条件下不同干燥室结构、排风形式以及通风量对太阳能污泥干燥室内干燥区域的温度、相对湿度以及速度分布的影响。模拟结果表明:干燥室内温、湿度模拟值与实测值吻合较好,平均相对误差分别为3.55%和5.39%。对比分析不同结构下干燥室内的流场分布,两出口排风形式的太阳能污泥干燥室可以形成良好的干燥微环境。当两出口排风风速≥5 m/s时,室内干燥区域温度高于室外环境温度,同时相对湿度低于室外环境相对湿度,且增大出流风速,在干燥区域内空气扰流强度增强,有利于干燥室内污泥水分的蒸发。     

Multi-phase flow and drying characteristics in a semi-circular impinging stream dryer

A physical model was proposed to describe granular material drying in a semi-circular impinging stream dryer, and the multi-phase flow characteristics as well as the heat and mass transfer were numerically investigated. Specially, the influence of various factors (inlet air temperature, mass flow-rate ratio, initial moisture content etc.) on drying process was inspected. The results indicate that constant drying rate period does not exist in a semi-circular impinging stream dryer. Appropriate curvature radius, flow-rate ratio, air velocity and higher inlet air temperature should be chosen for improving the drying performance, and decreasing the energy consumption and operation cost. The numerical predictions were compared with the available experimental results, and they are in quite good agreement with each other.     

Exergetic performance assessment of a pilot‐scale heat pump belt conveyor dryer

In this study, olive leaves were dried in a pilot‐scale heat pump (HP) belt conveyor dryer as a thin layer. Drying experiments were carried out at the drying air temperature range of 45–55°C with the drying air velocity range of 0.5–1.5 m s⁻¹. The performance of the system and the process was evaluated using exergy analysis method. The exergy loss and flow diagram (the so‐called Grassmann diagram) of the dryer system was presented to give quantitative information regarding the proportion of the exergy input that is dissipated in the various system components. Effects of the drying air temperature and the velocity on the performance of the drying process were discussed. The actual coefficient of performance values were obtained to be 2.37 for the HP unit and 2.31 for the overall system, respectively. The most important component of the system for improving the efficiency was determined to be the compressor. Exergetic efficiencies of the drying of olive leaves were in the range of 67.45–81.95%. It was obtained that they increased as the drying air temperature decreased and the drying air velocity increased. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

内配碳球团热风穿流干燥的实验研究

通过内配碳球团的热风穿流干燥实验,研究了不同热风温度、流速、球团初始湿含量以及生球尺寸对干燥过程的影响规律,并对球团的爆裂温度进行测定。由实验数据得到干燥速率曲线。实验结果表明:内配碳球团的干燥过程包括升速和降速两个阶段,其中升速段较短,降速段很长;各因素水平同时受爆裂温度的约束;为进一步计算机进行球团干燥过程模拟提供依据。     

Specific energy consumption in microwave drying of garlic cloves

The convective and microwave-convective drying of garlic cloves was carried out in a laboratory scale microwave dryer, which was developed for this purpose. The specific energy consumption involved in the two drying processes was estimated from the energy supplied to the various components of the dryer during the drying period. The specific energy consumption was computed by dividing the total energy supplied by amount of water removed during the drying process. The specific energy consumption in convective drying of garlic cloves at 70 °C temperature and 1.0 m/s air velocity was estimated as 85.45 MJ/kg of water evaporated. The increase in air velocity increased the energy consumption. The specific energy consumption at 40 W of microwave power output, 70 °C air temperature and 1.0 m/s air velocity was 26.32 MJ/kg of water removed, resulting in about a 70% energy saving as compared to convective drying processes. The drying time increased with increase in air velocity in microwave-convective drying process; a trend reverse to what was observed in convective drying process of garlic cloves.     

Energy analysis in fluidized‐bed drying of large wet particles

Energy analysis of a fluidized‐bed drying system is undertaken to optimize the fluidized‐bed drying conditions for large wet particles (Group D) using energy models. Three critical factors; the inlet air temperature, the fluidization velocity, and the initial moisture contents of the material (e.g., wheat) are studied to determine their effects on the overall energy efficiency to optimize the fluidized bed drying process. In order to verify the model, different experimental data sets for wheat material taken from the literature are used. The results show that the energy efficiencies of the fluidized‐bed dryer decrease with increasing drying time and become the lowest at the end of the drying process. It is observed that the inlet air temperature has an important effect on energy efficiency for the material where the diffusion coefficient depends on both the temperature and the moisture content of the particle. Furthermore, the energy efficiencies showed higher values for particles with high initial moisture content while the effect of gas velocity varied depending on the material properties. A good agreement is achieved between the model predictions and the available experimental results. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

含碳球团厚料层穿流干燥的实验研究

以正交原理为基础,进行了含碳球团厚料层穿流干燥研究,研究了不同热风温度、热风流速、球团初始湿含量、生球尺寸以及料层厚度对球团干燥过程的影响。由实验数据回归得到了反映以上各因素对平均干燥速率、瞬时干燥速率、干燥时间、干燥过程温度影响程度的多元指数方程,且误差在允许范围内。方程很好地反映了各个因素对球团干燥过程的影响,对含碳球团干燥有一定的指导意义。     

CO_2热泵干燥的运行工况分析

在对CO2跨临界循环进行热力学研究的基础上,运用EES软件对CO2热泵干燥系统进行仿真模拟。结果表明:随着蒸发温度的上升,系统的COP和SMER上升,但压缩机排气温度下降;随着压缩机排气压力的上升,系统的COP和SMER下降,压缩机排气温度上升。因此,为了保证热泵干燥系统正常工作,应当保证系统运行参数维持在以下范围内:蒸发温度存在一个上限,而且在满足干燥过程正常运行所需要的压缩机排气温度前提下,应当尽量降低压缩机的排气压力。