新型尼龙46工程塑料的性能及应用

综述了新型尼龙４６工程塑料的合成及发展过程,从微观结构上分析了尼龙４６和尼龙６、尼龙６６等其它工程塑料熔点、结晶度、玻璃化转变温度以及结晶速率的差异,进而讨论了尼龙４６和其它工程塑料性能上的差别,并简述了４６的应用领域、加工注意事项以及今后的研究、开发方向。     

尼龙66帘子布取代尼龙6帘子布在载重轮胎中的应用

作为轮胎骨架材料尼龙６６与尼龙６分子结构存在差异，尼龙６６的分子结构呈立体对称结构，分子之间形成氢键和取得结晶的能力较强，所以尼龙６６帘线的熔点、软化点、零强度时的温度等方面都比尼龙６高。而随着交通运输业的日益发展，要求轮胎承载能力大，运行时间长。故对轮胎的高速、耐久性能提出了更高的要求。为此，我们选用了河南神马集团生产的１７９０dtex／２尼龙６６浸胶帘子布进行了试验。现将研制情况介绍如下：１．试验（１）主要原材料尼龙６６帘子布，河南神马集团产品；尼龙６帘子布，国内某知名品牌。（２）性能测试原材料…     

适用于子午线轮胎冠带层的尼龙4，6纤维

１．引言荷兰DSM公司以１，４－二氨基丁烷和己二酸为原料，通过缩聚反应生产出以Stanyl为注册商标的尼龙４，６纤维。在所有已实现工业化生产的脂肪族尼龙纤维中，尼龙４，６纤维因其熔点高和结晶度高而著称。这些固有的性能源自其化学组成，与尼龙６，６相比，尼龙４，６的化学结构的特征是酰胺基团的键合密度较高。此外，因为尼龙４，６分子链中二氨基与二酸基单元中两个酰胺基团间的距离相同，因而分子链的规整度也较高。与其它尼龙相比，较高的分子链规整度是尼龙４，６结晶速率、熔点（２８３℃）和结晶度都较高的基础。就长丝性能…     

工程塑料在自行车上的应用

工程塑料在自行车上的应用黄汉生编译前言工程塑料的历史始于１９３４年美国杜邦公司发明尼龙６６，继而在１９３７年又发明尼龙６，１９３８年开始工业化生产尼龙６６。工程塑料主要用于电气、电子工业和汽车工业，最近１０年来其需求量年增长率达１０～２０％，明显高于...     

尼龙66盐

尼龙６６盐尼龙６６盐是生产尼龙６６聚合物的单体。尼龙也叫做聚酰胺。该聚合物既可用于塑料加工，也可用来制成纤维。目前国际上尼龙树脂的消费量位居五大通用工程塑料的第一位，尼龙纤维的消费量位居各合成纤维的第二位。１国外概况１．１尼龙树脂１９８８年，美国、西...     

几种玻纤增强尼龙的抗辐射性能研究

研究了玻纤增强尼龙６、尼龙６６和尼龙６１０力学性能与辐照工艺条件的关系。结果表明：几种玻纤增强尼龙的拉伸强度σｓ受辐照剂量Ｒ的影响较小．Ｒ＜０．５Ｍｙ时，玻纤增强尼龙６６和尼龙６１０的冲击强度。随辐Ｒ的增加而降低；Ｒ＞０．５ＭＧｙ时，σｉ基本不受Ｒ的影响．玻纤增强尼龙６的冲击强度σｉ随Ｒ的增加而逐渐下降（Ｒ＝０～２ＭＧｙ）．空气对几种玻纤增强尼龙的抗辐射性能也有一定影响。     

我国最大尼龙66装置流程全部打通

１９９８年１１月２８日２２点３０分,中国神马集团尼龙６６盐公司尼龙６６成盐装置和切片装置先后生产出第一批尼龙６６溶液和切片产品,提前一个月实现年底出合格产品的试车目标。平顶山尼龙６６盐工程总投资２９．３亿元,年产６．５万吨尼龙６６盐和１．７万吨尼龙６６切片,１９９８是我国建设的最大的尼龙６６生产企业。尼龙６６盐工程需要粗苯、液氨、己二腈、氢气４种原料４个源头,通过８套装置和一系列的化学反应,生产硝酸、精苯、环己醇、己二酸、己二胺５种中间产品,最后经中和反应生成尼龙６６盐溶液６．５万吨。其中４．５…     

粉煤灰微珠改性尼龙6的研究

本文研究了粉煤灰微珠填充改性尼龙６的力学性能和热性能，结果表明，微珠的加入，可使尼龙６的拉伸强度、冲击强度、硬度等力学性能得以提高，并能提高制品的热稳定性，降低成本，微珠填充尼龙６具有一定的工业应用价值。     

阻燃增强尼龙6的研制

以芳香族溴化物、硼酸盐、含氮杂环化物组成复合阻燃体系，以玻璃纤维为增强剂，经高速混俣和双螺杆挤出造粒研制成阻燃增强尼龙６，其阻燃性能达到ＦＶ－０级，缺口冲击强度 ２０ｋＪ／ｍ＾３，拉伸强度１３８ＭＰａ，弯曲强度２４２ＭＰａ，还研究了阻增强尼龙６的流变性能，考察了复合阻燃体系配比、玻璃２纤维含量、尼龙６相对粘度、工艺条件对阻燃增强尼龙６性能的影响。     

己内酰胺

己内酰胺是生产聚酰胺６（尼龙６）纤维和尼龙６工程塑料的单体,是一种重要的化工原料。尼龙６纤维广泛用于纺织、渔业和轮胎等行业;尼龙６工程塑料耐磨、强度高,不需要润滑,是工程塑料中最大的品种。１世界供需状况１．１生产情况１９９７年全球己内酰胺生产能力约为...     

Studies on the structure and properties of nylon 46 fiber. I. Dimensional stability

Thermal shrinkage, viscoelastic properties, wide- and small-angle X-ray diffractions, and molecular orientation by fluorescence method were measured for fiber samples of nylon 46 [poly(tetramethylene adipamide)] as compared with nylon 66 [poly(hexamethylene adipamide)]. The structural study of nylon 46 fiber indicated that molecular chains are well-oriented along the fiber axis in the interlamellar region whose thickness is relatively thin. It was also shown that the onset of thermal movement of nylon 46 molecules is shifted to the higher temperature than nylon 66. These characteristics will be attributed to the cause of good dimensional stability, a significant feature of nylon 46 fiber, attractive for its application to industrial usages. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

低燃油渗透率尼龙的制备与性能研究

以尼龙6、尼龙66、尼龙6/66共聚物为原料,选取适宜的牌号、规格和配比,并添加各种改性剂,采用特殊的共混改性技术,在适宜的工艺条件下,用普通双螺杆挤出机中进行混炼,制造出吹塑级尼龙复合材料。测试结果表明:该复合材料熔体粘度高,足各种形状产品的一次吹塑成型,具有优异的吹塑加工性能。汽油透过量≤2 g/m2.24 h,零下40℃下的缺口冲击强度可达65～100 kJ/m2,具有良好的抗汽油透过性和低温抗冲击强度,可以作为严寒气候的摩托车/汽车油箱用。     

Solid-state polymerization vis-à-vis fiber formation of step-growth polymers. I. Results from a study of nylon 66

This study is directed toward synergistic integration of processing of nylon 66 fibers with solid-state polymerization. The following two goals are sought through the incorporation of solid-state polymerization after the initial shaping operation: eliminating some of the processing problems in the production of high molecular weight, high performance industrial fibers and attainment of improved mechanical properties via high molecular weight. Successful solid-state polymerization has been achieved with as-spun fibers of nylon 66 and molecular weights up to 280,000 g/mol have been obtained from a starting molecular weight of 40,000 g/mol. It is shown that much of the ductility of the starting fiber can be retained, or even enhanced, with solid-state polymerization. Simulated drawing experiments using a thermal deformation analysis technique show an increase in the drawing potential of the solid-state polymerized fiber as compared to the starting material. This has important implications regarding the ultimate properties that can be achieved in fibers of condensation polymers. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

超细旦多孔尼龙6弹力丝的生产工艺

利用稀土化合物母粒添加技术生产尼龙6超细旦多孔预取向丝(POY)以及拉伸变形丝(DTY),探讨了稀土化合物母粒含量以及后加工工艺参数对超细旦尼龙6 DTY性能的影响.结果表明:制备46 dtex/72 f多孔尼龙6 POY长丝最佳工艺为纺丝温度255～ 265℃,纤维中稀土质量分数0.08％,纺丝速度3 800m/mi...     

Wet spinning of aliphatic and aromatic polyamides

Bench-scale equipment for wet spinning was designed and built. An experimental study of the wet spinning of several polyamides has been carried out. The polymers studied include nylon 6, nylon 66, redissolved Nomex, and redissolved Kevlar. The superstructure of the wet-spun fibers were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy as well as small- and wide-angle x-ray diffraction. Mechanical properties were measured and related to the spinning variables. For nylon 6 and nylon 66, the coagulation bath composition was found to be of major importance in determining fiber superstructure. For the case of the redissolved Kevlar, anisotropic spinning dopes were obtained from redissolved fiber, and the wet-spun filaments produced from such solutions were investigated. These fibers proved to have relatively high modulus and strength as spun. They had even greater strengths after hot drawing.     

玻纤增强尼龙材料熔接痕强度初探

制备了不同黏度的尼龙6或尼龙66与不同直径的玻纤的共混物,对玻纤增强尼龙材料的熔接痕强度进行了研究。结果表明:使用相对黏度为2.4的尼龙6或2.4的尼龙66,其熔接痕都要比相对黏度为2.7的尼龙6或2.7的尼龙66高;在相同黏度尼龙6或尼龙66体系中,使用10μm直径玻纤要比使用13μm直径玻纤的熔接痕强度高。同时从扫描电镜可知:尼龙树脂对直径为10μm玻纤的包覆,要优于对直径为13μm玻纤的包覆。     

轴承保持架用玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料研制

通过试验考察了玻璃纤维(GF)含量对增强尼龙(PA)66复合材料性能的影响,用复合材料制成轴承保持架,并与德国巴斯夫轴承保持架的性能作了对比.结果发现,轴承保持架用PA66/GF复合材料与国外同类产品相比,质量稳定,拉伸强度、冲击强度等达到了国外同类产品的水平,能够满足轴承保持架市场的需要,可以替代同类进口产品.     

Fatigue fracture of long fiber reinforced nylon 66

The fatigue behavior of long fiber reinforced nylon 66 has been investigated by measuring fatigue crack propagation rates of injection molded samples. Plaques varying in thickness from 3 to 10 mm were employed for nylong 66 containing either glass, carbon or aramid fibers. Both conventional chopped, short fiber reinforcements and pultruded long fiber filled nylon 66 were examined. Long fiber reinforced nylon 66 exhibits improved fatigue resistance as shown by decreases in fatigue crack propagation rates compared to short fiber filled composites. Using a fracture mechanics analysis, it is shown that the improvements are due primarily to the higher moduli of the long fiber reinforced nylon 66, with only a slight increase in the calculated strain energy release rate associated with fatigue crack growth. For short or long glass fibers, and for short carbon fibers, the effects of fiber orientation on fatigue crack growth rates can be predicted from the fracture mechanics model. More significant effects of fiber length on fatigue fracture energies are noted for long aramid and long carbon reinforced nylon 66. It is also shown that thicker plaques can exhibit poorer fatigue fracture behavior owing to their inferior core sections.     

国内锦纶新产品开发应用

介绍了国内粗旦和细旦锦纶长丝，高强及异形截面锦纶长丝，锦纶６与锦纶６６共混短纤维，ＰＥＴ／ＰＡ６复合纤维，粗旦短纤维、帘子线、ＢＣＦ及单丝等新产品的开发情况，指出锦纶生产必须向差别化、多功能、高附加值方向发展。     

润滑剂TAF在尼龙增强改性加工中的应用

研究了防玻纤外漏剂改性乙撑双脂肪酸酰胺(TAF)对尼龙力学性能、加工性能、外观质量等方面的影响,概括了TAF对注塑制品外观缺陷的改善.介绍了TAF在玻纤增强尼龙66、尼龙6中的应用实例.