偏心支撑半刚接钢框架的动力特性及抗震性能试验研究

偏心支撑半刚接钢框架是一种新型抗震结构体系,为研究其动力特性及抗震性能,进行了4个三层空间框架试件的试验研究。动力特性测试表明,随着梁柱节点转动刚度的降低,结构自振频率减小,阻尼比增加。循环加载试验表明,节点刚度和承载力对偏心支撑框架结构的滞回性能有显著影响,节点刚度和承载力越高,滞回性能越好,节点刚度较低的偏心支撑框架不宜用于抗震设防区;偏心支撑显著增加了半刚接钢框架的抗侧刚度,使得节点刚度对框架刚度的影响减弱,但降低了结构延性;结构的塑性变形主要来自节点域、消能梁段及梁柱节点连接件;多层偏心支撑框架的侧移变形为剪切型,层间屈服位移角较大。     

半刚接钢框架的动力特性探讨

通过对单自由度体系和多自由度体系半刚接钢框架的动力特征分析,初步探讨了梁柱连接转动刚度对结构自振周期、频率、临界阻尼以及振型等参数的影响。半刚接钢框架的周期、频率介于刚接和铰接框架之间,且随着连接转动刚度的变化而变化,当节点转动刚度位于(102~105)kN.m/rad时对结构动力性能的影响最显著,但结构的振动形式保持不变。     

节点半刚性对货架抗震性能影响分析

由于缺乏计算理论和方法,大多数半刚性节点按刚接或者铰接进行设计,对结构的抗震性能评估影响很大。文章在半刚性节点试验的基础上,采用有限元分析软件SAP2000对一个考虑梁柱半刚性节点的货架结构建立有限元模型并进行了模态分析和反应谱分析。结果表明,考虑梁柱半刚性连接的货架结构,其抗震性能明显变化。     

基于增量动力分析的梁贯通式支撑钢框架地震易损性研究

为了得到梁贯通式支撑钢框架节点刚度及承载力设计方法,基于增量动力分析(IDA)方法,研究了节点性能对多层梁贯通式支撑钢框架地震易损性的影响,得到了不同节点刚度和承载力设置下四种模型(刚接、全强度半刚接、半强度半刚接和铰接模型)的易损性曲线,定量评价了各模型超越各极限状态的概率和倒塌储备系数.研究结果表明:无论节点刚度和...     

铰接方钢管组合异形柱框架抗震性能研究

为解决村镇住宅体系存在的装配式程度及标准化程度较低、现场焊接工作繁多、室内建筑面积浪费等问题,提出了一种铰接方钢管组合异形柱框架体系。该体系中异形柱采用3根空钢管通过钢板与加劲肋组合而成的L形柱,梁柱节点为腹板螺栓连接的铰接节点。通过拟静力试验对该体系的抗震性能进行研究。研究结果表明：相比于铰接钢管混凝土组合异形柱,铰接空钢管组合异形柱框架体系先于梁端出现转角,最后破坏模式为柱脚破坏,具有更优良的抗震耗能和更缓慢的强度与刚度退化,并通过对比刚接节点和铰接节点的骨架曲线,发现节点刚接程度对结构整体的抗侧刚度影响较大。     

半刚性连接节点刚度对门式刚架结构弹性分析影响研究

传统的分析和设计方法都将梁柱连接节点处理成理想的刚接或铰接,然而实际工程中的连接节点的受力性能总是介于这两者之间,属于半刚性连接。本文研究半刚性连接的节点转动刚度对门式刚架内力分布和结构位移的影响,并得到了一些有益结论。     

基于多尺度模型的平面管桁架稳定性分析

平面管桁架在大跨度屋盖结构、幕墙结构中应用较广,由于其腹杆与弦杆相贯节点的半刚性,其平面外的稳定性难以进行准确的分析,而往往通过设置次桁架或支撑的方式予以保证,对建筑效果造成影响。以某体育馆平面管桁架结构屋盖为例,在设计过程中取消了大部分次桁架,在下弦平面外未设支撑。基于MIDAS GEN及MIDAS FEA NX建立了多尺度模型,并通过与刚接和铰接模型的对比,对结构在风吸力作用下的整体稳定性进行了分析。结果表明：节点刚度对结构平面外稳定影响显著,简单地采用刚接或者铰接假定进行稳定性分析,将导致较大的误差。多尺度计算模型可以真实地反映节点的刚度,本例钢结构屋盖在风吸力作用下的结构稳定性可以满足要求。     

带钢板剪力墙半刚接钢框架受力性能研究

基于支撑杆件和钢板受力情况以及实际钢结构工程中半刚性节点安装以及受力性能,提出了半刚接-带支撑钢板剪力墙结构体系。通过有限元软件ANSYS对单跨一层半刚接-带支撑钢板剪力墙结构进行了变参数(板厚、支撑形式、支撑大小、跨高比)非线性静力性能分析;结果表明:带支撑钢板剪力墙对提高半刚接钢框架承载力以及抗侧移刚度影响显著,并且半刚接-带支撑钢板剪力墙结构体系延性性能良好。     

装配式钢筋混凝土框架结构体系研究

钢筋混凝土框架结构梁柱节点为刚接,装配式钢筋混凝土框架结构梁柱节点为铰接,为使装配式框架结构梁柱节点实现刚接,提出预制现浇组合柱及组合梁结构,预制梁与预制芯柱采用焊接连接,通过现浇外柱实现梁柱节点整体浇筑,从而形成刚性节点.     

高层装配式斜支撑钢框架结构设计研究

针对远大S30工程的高层装配式斜支撑钢框架结构体系,分别采用振型分解反应谱法和线性时程分析法对整体结构进行有限元分析,得到了结构在多遇地震作用下的内力和位移响应。进行了结构整体的弹性设计,总结了该结构体系的设计方法。按规范对柱与柱座法兰连接的承载力进行了计算,并通过有限元分析和试验研究进行了节点强度和刚度的分析与验证。对梁柱节点进行了试验,研究其刚度变化规律,提出了采用弹簧单元在整体结构中建立节点简化分析模型的方法。研究结果表明：该体系中轻型钢楼梯对整体刚度的影响可以忽略,计算时可不建模分析;结构抗震性能满足现行规范要求,结构侧向变形曲线介于框架结构和剪力墙结构变形曲线之间;斜支撑降低了节点区的应力,增大了结构体系刚度,起到了减小柱计算长度、增强梁柱节点和柱与柱座连接的作用;柱与柱座法兰连接设计既满足设计强度要求,又实现了柱的刚性连接,保证了柱承载力和刚度的连续性。     

Numerical simulation of gusset plate connections with rectangular hollow section shape brace under quasi-static cyclic loading

In concentrically braced frames, gusset plate connections to rectangular hollow section braces are fabricated using welds to connect the gusset plate to both brace and flanges of the beam and of the column framing into the brace. The beam-to-column connection at the gusset plate is either welded or bolted. However, past experimental studies have indicated that undesirable failure modes could occur in the gusset plate even when using a linear clearance rule in the design of the gusset plate, especially when connecting hollow rectangular shapes.For these reasons, this study investigates through numerical analyses the local seismic performance of gusset plate connections with fully restrained beam-to-column connections as well as partially-restrained bolted connections. The latter are provided at the outside corner of the gusset plate, away from the face of the column, in order to facilitate the beam rotation at the bolted connection upon continued lateral deformation. The main goal of the study of the local performance of gusset plate connections is to validate the design procedure presented in this paper; to compare the various clearance rules proposed in the literature and to propose an alternative clearance rule to the linear clearance rule.The local performance is examined through detailed finite element models of a braced bay located at the ground floor of a four storey concentrically braced frame using the MIDAS finite element program. Finally, local performance of the models is compared in terms of strain concentrations in gusset plates, beams and columns.     

Cyclic flexural analysis and behavior of beam-column connections with gusset plates

This research investigates the cyclic flexural behavior of double-angle concentrically braced frame beam-column connections using three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis. Prior experimental research demonstrated that such connections possess appreciable flexural stiffness, strength, and ductility. The reserve capacity provided by these connections plays a significant role in the seismic behavior of low-ductility concentrically braced frames, so knowledge about the impact of connection parameters on local limit states and global connection performance is needed for employing reserve capacity to design and assess concentrically braced frames. Finite element models were developed and validated against prior experiments with focus on the limit states of failure of the fillet weld between the gusset plate and beam, low-cycle fatigue fracture of the steel angles joining the beam and gusset plate to the column, and bolt fracture. The models were used to evaluate the flexural stiffness, strength, and ductility of braced frame connections with primary attention on the effects of beam depth, angle thickness, and a supplemental seat angle. The finite element analysis demonstrated that increasing beam depth and angle thickness and adding a supplemental seat angle all increased the stiffness and strength of the connection while maintaining deformation capacity. A procedure to estimate the flexural behavior of beam-column connections with gusset plates was developed based on the results of the numerical simulations.     

防屈曲支撑角部节点板与钢框架的相互作用效应

防屈曲支撑是一种高效稳定的耗能减震装置,其与框架结构一般通过焊接节点板形式连接。目前节点板连接设计方法仅考虑支撑轴力的影响,并没有直接考虑框架开合效应(梁柱在水平地震力下产生的张开/闭合变形)的不利作用,导致焊接节点板在连接处提前发生开裂。通过有限元模拟的方法,同时考虑开合效应和支撑轴力的共同影响,对防屈曲支撑钢框架与角部节点板连接的相互作用进行研究。有限元模型共5组,主要参数包括节点板尺寸、节点板与框架的连接形式以及节点板是否设置自由边加劲肋。在连接形式方面,提出了一种可减小开合效应不利影响的新型可滑移螺栓连接节点板,并与传统焊接节点板的受力性能进行比较。分析结果表明,平面尺寸较小的焊接节点板对结构的抗侧刚度影响最小,可减小设置防屈曲支撑的子框架所分担的地震剪力,相应的节点板受力性能也优于平面尺寸较大的焊接节点板|在焊接节点板上设置自由边加劲肋并不能明显改善其受力性能|所提出的新型可滑移螺栓连接节点板可有效减小节点板对结构刚度的影响,以及框架开合效应对节点板的不利影响,是一种在消能钢框架支撑体系中具有应用前景的新型节点板连接。     

半刚性连接钢框架二阶内力和位移的简化计算

框架中梁柱连接大多介于完全刚接与理想铰接之间,即半刚性连接。提出了半刚性连接钢框架二阶内力与位移的简化计算方法。在计算内力时用弯矩放大法,连接的影响通过将梁的抗弯刚度乘以修正系数来考虑;计算位移时用D值法,连接的影响通过将梁的抗弯刚度转化为等效刚度来考虑。算例表明,在计算中应充分考虑半刚性连接的影响。     

半刚性连接钢框架二阶内力和位移的简化计算

框架中梁柱连接大多介于完全刚接与理想铰接之间,即半刚性连接.提出了半刚性连接钢框架二阶内力与位移的简化计算方法.在计算内力时用弯矩放大法,连接的影响通过将梁的抗弯刚度乘以修正系数来考虑;计算位移时用D值法,连接的影响通过将梁的抗弯刚度转化为等效刚度来考虑.算例表明,在计算中应充分考虑半刚性连接的影响.     

支撑和节点板延性性能的抗震设计

介绍钢结构铰接框架-支撑体系中支撑和节点板的震害、实验室的抗震性能研究、有关规范的规定和具有延性性能的支撑和节点板的设计概念及方法。由于我国现行建筑抗震规范中尚不包括钢结构铰接框架-支撑体系,故文中提出的抗震设计原则、规范规定和计算公式,可供从事钢结构设计和研究的技术人员参考。     

半刚接钢框架柱的稳定分析方法

根据钢框架稳定设计中柱子计算长度的概念,研究了钢框架中梁柱节点半刚性连接柱的计算长度系数取值问题,采用螺旋弹簧模拟梁柱节点连接的半刚性,考虑了梁柱间的相对转角关系,通过引入梁柱线刚度比修正系数的计算方法,推导了有侧移和无侧移半刚接钢框架柱计算长度系数的修正公式。研究结果表明:受节点半刚性影响,半刚接钢框架柱的计算长度系数比按刚接考虑的计算长度系数要大,约增大2%～6%;框架柱除底层外,其上下两端与横梁的连接基本是半刚接的形式,按横梁有侧移考虑,柱的计算长度系数比柱两端按刚性节点计算出的计算长度系数值增大了4%左右。由此可见,在钢框架的稳定分析和设计中,应考虑由于梁柱节点采用半刚接的连接形式,对框架柱的稳定性产生的不利影响。     

低屈服点钢扣板连接的试验研究

同心支撑框架被广泛用于钢结构房屋的抗震设计中。在地震激励下,同心支撑框架的支撑会承受循环拉压荷载。由于支撑的屈曲,其抗压强度通常低于抗拉强度,这可能会降低支撑框架的抗震性能。该文对采用弱扣板强支撑的设计理念进行了验证。扣板选用低屈服点钢(LYP),从而使设计的扣板在支撑屈曲前发生屈服。低屈服点钢的屈服强度很低,但其延性很好。通过一系列试验验证循环荷载作用下低屈服点钢扣板的性能。研究发现,在低屈服点钢扣板上增加槽型约束(STR)可以大大提高其抗震性能。在拉压荷载作用下,有槽型约束的低屈服点钢扣板可以提供类似大小的强度。扣板的耗能能力同样得到提高。基于此研究成果,给出低屈服点钢扣板的一些设计建议。     

Experimental study of low yield point steel gusset plate connections

Concentrically braced frames have been used widely in the seismic-resistant design of steel building structures. During earthquake excitation, the braces of the concentrically braced frame are subjected to recursive tensile and compressive forces. The compressive strength of the brace is usually less than its tensile strength because of the buckling of the brace, and this may degenerate the seismic resistance capacity of the braced frame. In this reported research, an alternative design concept that adopts the weak gusset plate-strong brace is examined. The gusset plate is designed to yield prior to the buckling of the brace. Low yield point (LYP) steel is selected for the gusset plate. The LYP steel possesses low yield strength and high elongation capacity. A series of experimental studies was carried out to examine the LYP steel gusset plates under cyclic loads. It is found that adding slot-type restrainers (STR) to the LYP steel gusset plate greatly enhances the seismic resistance of the gusset plate. The proposed LYP steel gusset plate with an STR is able to provide similar strengths under tensile and compressive loads. The energy dissipation capacity of the gusset plate is also increased substantially. Based on this study, suggestions are made for the design of LYP gusset plates.