软辊压光机

简介国内外软辊压光技术的发展概况,着重阐述软辊压光机的主要特点及与其他压光机的比较,从中体现出软辊压光技术的机理、优缺点及应用范围,还扼要介绍了一种新型软辊压光机的构造、特点及主要技术参数。     

软压光机软辊刮刀选择分析

本文主要从刮刀的结构、控制原理方面详细分析了软压光机上软辊刮刀使用效果，从刮刀的辊面的追随性、铲除效果和对辊面的损伤、经济效益等方面综合分析了现在常用的三种刮刀的优劣，从专业的角度提出了自己的看法和建议。     

软辊压光机普及使用指日可待

软辊压光机作为新型有效的整饰设备,其优异性能及优点早已被造纸界所认可,其适应性广、整饰效果奇佳,不但可提高纸产品的质量及档次,并且可以节省不少材料成本。 国内已有各种规格的引进软辊压光机约计30多台套,共计耗外汇上亿美元,国内厂家迫切需求软辊压光机生产能国产化以取代进口,能使众多厂家用得起软辊压光机以提高纸产品的质量和档次,继而提高市场竞争力。 杭州轻机所自从参与南京纸厂软辊压光机的引进全过程,并协助安装、调试、试车等过程后,一直致力于软辊压光机的性能介绍及推广工作,并且一直进行着使该新型造纸装备技术国产化的工作。经过近10年的工作,在有关协作厂的配合下,目前已解决了宽幅辊子的可控中高问题;解决了软辊的包覆层材料问题,其性能与国外材料可相提并论;解决了热辊循环深孔的加工问题,及热辊导热系统的技术问题;并     

造纸用软压光机的发展

介绍了国内外软辊压光机的发展和相关设备,着重阐述了辊面材质的选择,对比了几种常见可控挠度辊的优缺点,并论述了软辊压光的前景。     

软辊压光机的同步加压

简述了软辊压光机的同步液压加压系统原理及其电液控制状况。     

引进软辊广泛应用软辊压光机

软辊压光机的性能和优点已被大家逐渐了解,国内也已有许多纸厂在不同的纸种上运用软辊压光机并取得了显著的效果。如保定钞票纸厂、昆山钞票纸厂、成都钞票纸厂在钞票纸机上运用;红塔仁恒造纸公司、烟台福斯达造纸公司、宁波中华纸业有限公司等在白卡纸生产线上运用了软辊压光机;龙游满德纸业公司在水松纸生产线上运用;南京造纸厂、武陡造纸厂、泰山造纸厂等在轻量涂布纸等纸种上使用软辊压光机。目前各     

软辊压光机的开发

简要介绍软辊压光技术的工作原理，软辊压光机的结构及主要技术参数等。     

软辊压光机的调试与维护

简要介绍了软辊压光机械设备的安装和调试,较详细地论述了维护中要注意的技术问题,尤其对软辊的维护,论述得更为透切。     

软辊压光机的研制与开发

介绍了软辊压光技术的工作原理，软辊压光机的特点，结构和研制样机的主要技术参数。软辊压光机由可加热调温的冷硬铸铁辊和可中高外包覆弹性材料的软辊组成。同普通纸机压光机使用效果比较，其具有平滑度增加显著，松厚度损失减少，纸张强度得以保持等特点。     

软辊压光机的运行实践

总结了软辊压光机在运行中存在的问题及采取的对策，指出操作作者应注意的事项及软辊压光机性能升级的措施。     

Dairy cow preferences for soft or hard flooring when standing or walking

Concrete is the most commonly used alley flooring in confined dairy herds because of its qualities of construction and ease of cleaning. Nevertheless, the hardness, abrasiveness, and slipperiness of concrete floors have adverse effects on animal well-being and health, and yielding rubber flooring is becoming popular as a way of improving the flooring conditions on walkways. The aim of this study was to investigate preferences of dairy cows for rubber compared with concrete flooring under the conditions of a commercial dairy farm. The study was conducted in an organic dairy herd with free-stall housing. Floor preference was tested on groups of standing cows in a 120-m² holding pen before milking, and 1 yr later on a 12- × 3-m walkway. The holding pen and the walkway were divided lengthwise into 2 identical sections. Two types of solid rubber mats (soft and extra soft) were tested against solid concrete in the holding pen. Slatted and solid rubber mats were tested against slatted concrete in the walkway. Each floor type was tested over 4 d on the left side and 4 d on the right side of the holding pen and the walkway, respectively. Concrete flooring on both sides of the sections was tested as a control before the testing of different section materials. All observations of the distribution of cows in the sections were made from video recordings captured in association with the afternoon milking. The number of cows on each section was recorded approximately every 7 min in the holding pen, and continuously on the walkway. A significantly higher proportion of cows stood on the side with the soft and extra soft rubber mats (65.1 ± 2.7 and 69.3 ± 2.6%, respectively, mean ± SEM) compared with the control distribution when only the solid concrete was available (50.9 ± 3.9%). A significantly higher proportion of nonlame cows walked exclusively on the side with the slatted (64.5 ± 5.4%, d 4) or solid rubber mats (68.2 ± 5.1%, d 4) compared with controls (28.9 ± 4.3%). Lame cows within a group of walking cows did not show a higher preference for soft flooring as distinct as nonlame cows (52.7 ± 6.9 and 59.4 ± 6.2% for the solid and slatted rubber mats, respectively, at d 4 vs. 40.3 ± 6.2% for control), presumably because of competition with other, higher ranked cows. It was concluded that the majority of cows preferred to walk and stand on soft rubber rather than on concrete flooring.     

暖体假人软质模拟皮肤的研究及其应用

为改善目前现有硬材料暖体假人与真实人体表面弹性的差异性,提高特殊功能服装测试的精度,对暖体假人上使用的一种软质模拟皮肤进行研究。选择6种高分子弹性体,分别是热硫化硅胶、天然乳胶、医用硅胶、聚苯乙烯系弹性体TPR、聚烯烃系弹性体EVA和热塑性聚氨酯TPU,在拉伸、压缩、热性能等多项实验的基础上,研究高分子弹性体的综合性能,并通过模糊数学的模糊决策理论选出综合性能最优的暖体假人模拟皮肤材料。通过在稳定环境条件和变化环境条件2种状态下的暖体假人实验,证明这种模拟皮肤材料在提高暖体假人控制精度、稳定性和环境耐受性方面发挥了良好的效果。     

WRC-365型软弹性胶辊的生产实践

纺纱专件的性能优劣对成纱质量及其本身寿命影响很大。文章主要叙述了软弹性胶辊的纺纱机理、工艺配置、制作管理及成纱质量的生产实践。     

软弹性免处理胶辊在粗纱机上的应用

叙述了软弹性免处理胶辊的使用特性,通过在粗纱机上的应用实验,证明了无明显缠花、带花现象,加强了维持力,使粗纱和后道细纱的品质都能得到保证.     

Associations of soft flooring materials in free stalls with milk yield, clinical mastitis, teat lesions, and removal of dairy cows

The objective was to test if there was an association between free-stall base softness and milk yield, incidence of clinical mastitis (CM), teat lesions, and removal of cows. In a questionnaire sent to 1,923 dairy farms presumed to be using free-stall housing, farmers were asked for information regarding housing and stall base; for example, the year of installation and the product name or brand of their mats or mattresses. This information was merged with data for milk yield, CM, teat lesions, and removal of cows extracted from the Norwegian Dairy Herd Recording System for the years after installation of mats or mattresses. After exclusion of invalid contributions, the data set consisted of 29,326 lactations for milk yield distributed over 363 free-stalled herds in Norway. The farms were stratified into 5 categories according to the softness of the stall surface measured as millimeter impact of a sphere with a diameter of 120 mm at 2-kN load: 1 = concrete, softness of 0 mm; 2 = rubber, softness of 1 to 8 mm; 3 = soft mats, softness of 9 to 16 mm; 4 = multilayer mats, softness of 17 to 24 mm; and 5 = mattresses, softness over 24 mm. Lactation curves were estimated as modified Wood's lactation curves using test-day data and mixed models with repeated measurements, adjusting for days in milk, parity, and softness of free-stall flooring. Herds on concrete free-stall bases yielded 6,727 ± 146 kg of milk from 5 to 305 days in milk. In comparison, herds showed a decrease of 0.3% on rubber, an increase of 2.4% on soft mats, an increase of 4.5% on multilayer mats, and an increase of 3.9% on mattresses. Compared with concrete, the hazard ratio (HR) of CM was less on rubber, multilayer mats, and mattresses [HR = 0.89 (0.79-0.99), 0.85 (0.73-0.996), and 0.80 (0.73-0.88), respectively]. Compared with concrete, the HR of teat lesions was less on rubber, soft mats, multilayer mats, and mattresses [HR = 0.41 (0.26-0.65), 0.33 (0.24-0.44), 0.12 (0.04-0.38), and 0.47 (0.33-0.67), respectively]. The HR of removal of cows was less on mattresses compared with concrete, rubber, soft mats, and multilayer mats, with HR = 0.90 (0.84-0.97), 0.88 (0.80-0.97), 0.86 (0.80-0.93), and 0.85 (0.76-0.95), respectively. A soft free-stall base contributed significantly to increased milk yield and fewer incidences of CM, teat lesions, and removal of cows.     

Silicone rumen cannula with a soft cylindrical part and a hard flange

A soft rumen cannula for sheep was made with two kinds of silicone rubber and a polyethylene plug. The design of molds is simple and the materials can easily be obtained. The elasticity of the cylindrical part of the cannula controlled leakage of rumen contents to a minimum, and the moderate hardness of the flange prevented loss of contents from the rumen. The cannula could be used repeatedly and functioned well for over 4 yr. The cannula was easily pushed into the rumen, and the collection of whole digesta was accomplished easily by hand. A small amount of sampling with pipette could be achieved through the punched opening without removing the inner polyethylene plug.     

软压光机的电气控制

介绍了KUSTERS软压光机的电器控制系统，主要论述了软压光机配套的电气部件构成、调试、维护及部件相互间的关系。因为软压光机是机电一体化设备，其中也涉及到软压光机的配套设施，如液压、温控、传动、联锁、安全等。     

软质肉干的研制

在传统工艺基础上,通过对复煮、烘干等主要工序的改进,制得的产品质地柔软、口感脆嫩、风味独特。     

Production of soft cheese

The production of soft cheese is considered in detail and illustrated by examples including varieties such as cottage cheese, carrick and camembert. It is shown that a diverse range of products can be manufactured by careful manipulation of a relatively small number of processing conditions. The methods are equally applicable to sheep or goat milk. As a result, soft cheese production offers scope for the farmhouse cheesemaker wishing to add value to milk.     

软罐头食品的杀菌

必须采用正确的杀菌方式,杀灭软罐头中的微生物,保证产品的贮藏安全和产品质量.探讨了软罐头食品中的微生物及其对微生物的控制、杀菌工艺条件的确定方法等问题.