烧结温度对3Y-TZP陶瓷结构与力学性能的影响

以Y2O3为稳定剂,通过无压烧结制备了3mol%钇稳定氧化锆(3Y-TZP)陶瓷,研究了Y2O3不同加入方式、烧结温度对材料相变、显微结构和力学性能的影响.实验结果表明,Y2O3以化学法加入得到的材料中可相变四方相含量高,随温度升高材料致密化程度不断增加,1500℃烧结所得的材料具有最佳的力学性能.     

不同烧结法对3Y-TZP陶瓷力学性能的影响

本文研究了低温烧结含3mol%氧化钇的四方多晶氧化锆(3Y-TZP)的烧结性能和力学性能,以及进行热等静压(HIP)后其力学性能的变化。成形后的3Y-TZP在常压、1300～1450℃温度下进行烧结。由于该粉料有很高的烧结活性,在1300℃低温烧成下就可获得相对密度大于94%的烧结体;在1350℃烧成温度下3Y-TZP获得了最佳的力学性能。其断裂韧性(KIC)和维氏硬度(HV)分别达到18.7MPa.m1/2和13.7GPa,其中应力诱导相变是其主要的增韧机理。对低温烧成的3Y-TZP陶瓷进行热等静压烧结后发现,HIP增大3Y-TZP陶瓷HV的作用显著,可使其增至14.3GPa。     

Al2O3添加量对Y—TZP陶瓷烧结及力学性能的影响

研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３添加量对Ｙ－ＴＺＰ陶瓷烧结及力学性能的影响，结果表明，微量Ａｌ２Ｏ３可固溶于ＺｒＯ２中而提高材料致密度，使Ｙ－ＴＺＰ的强度、耐磨性等力学性能也同时得到提高，过量Ａｌ２Ｏ３处ＺｒＯ２晶界上阻碍致密化，２０ｗｔ％Ａｌ２Ｏ３，１５５０℃，４ｈ未能烧结，使各项力学性能明显下降。     

Effect of Nano-Al2O3 on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Si3N4 Ceramics

Si3N4ceramics were prepared by pressureless sintering at 1 650 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere using Si3N4powder as main starting material and adding nanoAl2O3powder( 3%,6%,9%,12%,and 15% in mass,the same hereinafter). The bending strength and fracture toughness( KIC) of the specimens were detected.The microstructure and phase compositions of the specimens were analyzed. The results show that Si3N4ceramics can be prepared by pressureless sintering when adding9%- 12% nano-Al2O3as active reactant,which dissolves in Si3N4,in-situ forming non-oxide SiAlON. The obtained Si3N4ceramics have the maximum bending strength of 710. 86 MPa and KICof 8. 61 MPa·m1 /2.The excellent properties come from many interwoven structures distributed uniformly in the ceramics matrix,which is composed of big and firm plate-like β-Si3N4,hexagonal SiAlON and sheet Si2N2O.     

Cr2O3添加对ZTA复相陶瓷显微结构和力学性能的影响

采用无压烧结制备ZTA复相陶瓷,探究Cr2O3的添加对ZTA复相陶瓷显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:Cr2O3会促进Al2O3晶粒的生长,并出现长条状Al2O3晶粒;随着Cr2O3的增加,复相陶瓷的密度、硬度、断裂韧性均呈现先增大后减小趋势.在Cr2O3添加量为0.6％时具有最佳性能,但过多的Cr2O3会使陶瓷内部...     

复合稀土氧化物对氮化硅陶瓷组织和性能影响

采用常压烧结工艺制备了含复合稀土氧化物Y2O3和La2O3的Si3N4陶瓷,并利用万能试验机、显微硬度计、X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜等对Si3N4陶瓷的力学性能、相组成和显微组织进行了分析和讨论.结果表明:1600℃时随着烧结助剂的增加,致密度增加;1700℃和1750℃时随着烧结助剂的增加,致密度先增加后降低,添加8％的Y2O3～La2O3在1700℃下烧结60min,Si3N4陶瓷呈长柱状的β-Si3N4晶粒,抗弯强度为960MPa,断裂韧性为7.5MPaom1/2,具有较好的力学性能.     

Effect of Sintering Additives on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Porous Silicon Nitride Ceramics

Porous silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) ceramics with about 50% porosity were fabricated by pressureless sintering of α-Si₃N₄ powder with 5 wt% sintering additive. Four types of sintering aids were chosen to study their effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of porous Si₃N₄ ceramics. XRD analysis proved the complete formation of a single β-Si₃N₄ phase. Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties were dependent mostly on the type of sintering additive. SEM analysis revealed the resultant porous Si₃N₄ ceramics as having high aspect ratio, a rod-like microstructure, and a uniform pore structure. The sintered sample with Lu₂O₃ sintering additive, having a porosity of about 50%, showed a high flexural strength of 188 MPa, a high fracture toughness of 3.1 MPa·m^1/2, due to fine β-Si₃N₄ grains, and some large elongated grains.     

Influence of Calcination Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Gel-Derived and Sintered 3 mol% Y-TZP Material

A pure coprecipitated 3 mol% Y-TZP powder was subjected to two calcination temperatures, 600° and 1000°C, prior to compaction and sintering. Significant differences in the initial sintering behavior were observed. The lower temperature calcined powder exhibited abnormal grain growth. The resultant mechanical properties mirrored the microstructure with the lower temperature calcined material having lower flexural strength. Hardness measurements of the two sintered bodies revealed significant differences in the two phases of the lower temperature calcined material. Differences in reactivity of the two powders after calcination are suggested as the basis for the difference in microstructure and resultant mechanical properties.     

烧结温度对氧化锆陶瓷相组成及力学性能的影响

本文以经900 ℃、1000 ℃和1100 ℃三种不同温度煅烧处理的3mol%的氧化钇稳定氧化锆粉体为原料,在1450 ℃、1500 ℃和1550 ℃三个温度下烧结致密块体陶瓷.并测定了烧结体的相组成、密度、硬度和断裂韧性等性能.结果表明:经高温煅烧的粉体的烧结致密度随烧结温度的上升而提高;材料的硬度随密度的增加而相应提高;烧结氧化锆的断裂韧性指标主要与材料中亚稳四方相含量有关.     

热压添加复合助剂的Si3N4陶瓷的显微结构与力学性能

本工作对两种成分的Si_3N_4陶瓷进行了热压烧结。测定了密度、硬度、抗弯强度、断裂韧性等性能指标。在扫描电镜下进行了显微结构及断口观察。研究表明,同时加入几种添加剂(Y_2O_3、MgO、AIN、Al_2O_3等)对形成均匀致密、长径比大,粒径小的柱状β-Si_3N_4有利,高的断裂韧性和抗弯强度的获得主要取决于以柱状β晶为基本特征的显微结构。     

添加Al2O3的Y-TZP基层状陶瓷力学性能

用15%(体积分数)Al2O3/3Y-TZP作为中间层,以20%(体积分数)Al2O3/3Y-TZP作为外层,采用干压、等静压法成型,并通过无压烧结制成了三层复合材料.通过测定材料的收缩率,对烧结收缩引起的应变进行了估算,提出:烧结收缩率也是层状材料设计的主要因素之一.实验结果表明:层状复合材料与15%(体积分数)Al2O3/3Y-TZP单层材料相比,应力方向平行于界面的抗弯强度提高了11.8%,由482MPa提高到539MPa;应力方向垂直于界面的韧性提高了21.2%,由9.9MPa*m1/2提高到12.0MPa*m1/2.     

3Y-TZP材料的液相烧结

通过在3Y-TZP(Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystals stabilized with 3mol% Y2O3)中加入适当含量的硅酸盐玻璃添加剂,使其烧结温度明显降低,并且制备出具有细晶粒、高强度的四方相氧化锆增韧陶瓷材料.本文分析了添加剂对3Y-TZP材料烧结特性及显微结构的影响.发现液相烧结的3Y-TZP具有良好的抗弯强度,但韧性有待于提高.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Silicon Nitride Ceramics with Controlled Porosity

Porous silicon nitride ceramic with a porosity from 0–0.3 was fabricated by partial hot-pressing of a powder mixture of α-Si₃N₄ and 5 wt% Yb₂O₃ as sintering additive. Irrespective of the porosity, the samples exhibited almost the same microstructural features including grain size, grain aspect ratio, and pore size. Porosity dependences of Young's modulus, flexural strength, and fracture toughness ( K _{I C} ) were investigated. All these properties decreased with increasing porosity. However, because of the fibrous microstructure, the decreases of flexural strength and fracture toughness were moderate compared with the much greater decrease of Young's modulus. Thus, the strain tolerance (fracture strength/Young's modulus) increased with increasing porosity. The critical energy release rate also increased slightly with an increasing volume fraction of porosity to 0.166 and remained at the same level with that of the dense sample when the porosity was 0.233. They decreased as porosity increased further.     

Effect of Grain Size on Mechanical Properties of Submicrometer 3Y-TZP: Fracture Strength and Hydrothermal Degradation

This paper considers fracture strength, fracture origins, and hydrothermal degradation of 3Y-TZP with grain sizes in the range of 110–480 nm. Biaxial fracture strength testing was used to show that the fracture strength increases with grain size and is governed by the concurrent change in fracture toughness. Hydrothermal degradation was studied by means of fractography, Raman microscopy and its effect on fracture strength. Up to 200 nm grain size, hydrothermal degradation of strength is limited. Larger grain sizes exhibit either premature failure or an increase in strength. A surface transformation zone was found to be responsible for both phenomena.     

Nd2O3掺杂对BCZT陶瓷结构及介电性能的影响

采用固相反应法制备Ba0.92-xCa0.08Ndx(Zr0.18Ti0.815Y0.0025Mn0.0025)O3(BCZT-Nd,x=0、0.005、0.010、0.020)陶瓷,研究了Nd2O3掺杂对Ba0.92Ca0.08(Zr0.18Ti0.82)O3(BCZT)陶瓷结构及介电性能的影响。结果表明,不同含量Nd3+作为施主掺杂离子进入A位和含量均为0.25%(摩尔分数)的Mn2+和Y3+作为受主掺杂进入B位均能提高BCZT陶瓷的致密性,细化晶粒作用明显,所有样品均为单一的四方BaTiO3相结构。随Nd2O3掺杂量增加,BCZT-Nd陶瓷介电峰值温度Tm向低温方向移动,相变弥散程度增强,Nd3+含量≥0.005mol时即表现出明显的弛豫铁电体特征。     

分散剂对PNN-PZT压电陶瓷组织与性能的影响

压电陶瓷作为能够将机械能和电能相互转换的功能陶瓷在国防领域以及民用领域得到了非常广泛的应用。当今为了追求更高性能的压电陶瓷材料,世界各国的研究人员都将注意力由压电陶瓷材料的研究转向了压电陶瓷的制作工艺。本课题研究的目的主要是在传统的压电陶瓷制备工艺的基础上,通过在球磨过程中加入分散剂制备出性能参数更高更为稳定的压电陶瓷材料。本次实验研究发现,柠檬酸铵的分散效果较为显著,当采用烧结温度1200℃,柠檬酸铵分散剂浓度15%时能得到一个综合性能都比较稳定的压电陶瓷材料,其压电常数为603pC/N,机电耦合系数为0.536,介电常数为5354,介电损耗为2.197%。     

Effect of Heat Treatment on Grain Size, Phase Assemblage, and Mechanical Properties of 3 mol% Y-TZP

The effect of heat treatment on the grain size, phase assemblage, and mechanical properties of a 3 mol% Y-TZP ceramic was investigated. Specimens were initially sintered for 2 h at 1450°C to near theoretical density; some specimens were then heat-treated at 1550°, 1650°, 1750°, or 1850°C to coarsen the microstructure. The average grain size increased with heat treatment from <0.5 to ∼10 μ-m. Phase analyses revealed predominantly tetragonal and cubic phases below 1750°C, with a significant decrease in tetragonal content and increase in monoclinic content for temperatures >1750°C. The maximum fraction of tetragonal phase that transformed during fracture corresponded with the largest tetragonal grain size of ∼5–6 μm. Strength was on the order of 1 GPa, and was surprisingly insensitive to heat-treatment temperature and grain size, contrary to previous studies. The fracture toughness increased from 4 to 10 MPa.m^1/2 with increasing grain size, owing to an increasing transformation zone size. Grain sizes larger than 5–6 μm spontaneously transformed to monoclinic phase during cooling. Such critical grain sizes are much larger than those found in past investigations, and may be due to the greater fraction of cubic phase present which decreases the strain energy arising from crystallographic thermal expansion anisotropy of the tetragonal phase.     

掺杂La2O3对刚玉基复相陶瓷的烧结和力学性能的影响

刚玉基复相陶瓷材料具有高硬度、高强度及耐磨性等优异的力学性能,是结构陶瓷领域研究的热点之一,具有广阔的应用前景.以α-Al2O3、SiC和ZrO2为原料,掺杂少量稀土氧化物La2O3,采用无压埋烧工艺,制备了稀土掺杂刚玉基复相陶瓷.通过XRD、SEM等手段研究La2O3添加量对复相陶瓷微观结构和性能的影响.结果表明:掺杂La2O3可将复相陶瓷的烧结温度降低至1540℃,经1540℃烧结的掺杂复相陶瓷强度和硬度分别为183 MPa和18.46 GPa.La2O3位于晶界处抑制晶粒长大,促进晶粒细化,利于样品的致密化,同时其晶界强化作用有利于复相陶瓷强度的提高.     

原位析出片晶韧化相的SiBON玻璃陶瓷的结构与力学性能

本文对非晶态SiBON纳米粉末热压烧结研究，发现SiBON材料在1400℃时开始致密化同时开始析晶，析出晶体为h—BN，其余成分以非晶态存在。h—BN析出量随着烧结温度的升高而增多。在1400℃、1600℃和1700℃时，材料中BN形态分别为近等轴颗粒、大片晶和小片晶。这种从玻璃基体中析出的BN比通常所见的BN粉末有更完整的层片状晶体结构。这种原位析出片晶韧化相的SiBON玻璃陶瓷具有很高的力学性能。分析认为较高的强度主要归因于BN析出相对玻璃基体产生的压应力，而较高的断裂韧性来自于BN晶片所产生的裂纹偏转、桥接和晶片拔出增韧机制。