Fusion of Multispectral and Panchromatic Images Using a Restoration-Based Method

Many remote-sensing satellites can obtain images in multispectral and panchromatic bands. By fusing low-resolution multispectral and high-resolution panchromatic images, one can obtain high-resolution multispectral images. In this paper, an image fusion algorithm based on image restoration is proposed to combine multispectral and panchromatic images. For remote-sensing satellites, the wavelength of the panchromatic band usually covers the wavelengths of the multispectral bands. This relationship between the two kinds of images is useful for fusion. In our approach, the low-resolution multispectral images are first resampled to the scale of the high-resolution panchromatic image. The relationship between these two kinds of images is then used to restore the resampled multispectral images. That is, the resampled multispectral images are modeled as the noisy blurred versions of the ideal multispectral images, and the high-resolution panchromatic image is modeled as a linear combination of the ideal multispectral images plus the observation noise. The ideal high-resolution multispectral images are then estimated based on the panchromatic and the resampled multispectral images. A closed-form solution of the fused images is derived here. Experiments show that the proposed fusion algorithm works effectively in integrating multispectral and panchromatic images.     

远紫外遥感O/N2反演图像质量的评价方法

针对电离层远紫外遥感的O/N₂反演图像质量评价应用,以GUVI网站发布的图像为参考,分别从RGB和HSV两种颜色空间对获取的远紫外O/N₂图像的反演质量进行了对比分析。利用RGB颜色空间的评价函数和HSV颜色-空间直方图相交匹配的方法评价了反演图像与参考图像间的相似程度,待评价图像与参考图像之间具有较高的一致性。结果表明,从图像的角度评价远紫外遥感热层O/N₂图像的反演质量是切实可行的。     

一种实际红外海面辐射成像模型的建立

本文根据电磁散射、辐射理论,分析了可光海面图与红外海面图像的生成原理,从理论上推导出了具有相同拍摄条件的可见光海面图像与红外海面图像之间的内在联系,并提出了一种快速算法,实现了从可见光图像反演出红外图像。最后,本文根据几幅可见光海面图像,利用这种方法反演出了其同样条件下的红外图像。     

Using an image database to constrain the acquisition and reconstruction of MR images of the human head

A training set of MR images of normal and abnormal heads was used to derive a complete set of orthonormal basis functions which converged to head-like images more rapidly than Fourier basis functions. The new image representation was used to reconstruct MR images of other heads from a relatively small number of phase-encoded signal measurements. The training images also determined exactly which phase-encoded signals should be measured to minimize image reconstruction error. These signals were nonuniformly scattered throughout k-space. Experiments showed that head images reconstructed with the new method had less serious truncation artifacts than conventional Fourier images reconstructed from the same number of signals. The resulting images were characterized by spatially variable spatial resolution and were particularly well-resolved in regions where the training images had structural detail.     

Boundary detection in medical images using edge following algorithm based on intensity gradient and texture gradient features

Finding the correct boundary in noisy images is still a difficult task. This paper introduces a new edge following technique for boundary detection in noisy images. Utilization of the proposed technique is exhibited via its application to various types of medical images. Our proposed technique can detect the boundaries of objects in noisy images using the information from the intensity gradient via the vector image model and the texture gradient via the edge map. The performance and robustness of the technique have been tested to segment objects in synthetic noisy images and medical images including prostates in ultrasound images, left ventricles in cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) images, aortas in cardiovascular MR images, and knee joints in computerized tomography images. We compare the proposed segmentation technique with the active contour models (ACM), geodesic active contour models, active contours without edges, gradient vector flow snake models, and ACMs based on vector field convolution, by using the skilled doctors' opinions as the ground truths. The results show that our technique performs very well and yields better performance than the classical contour models. The proposed method is robust and applicable on various kinds of noisy images without prior knowledge of noise properties.     

一种用于水下图像的光谱重构方法:理论及应用

多光谱成像是一项非常有前景的图像高保真获取与再现技术,近年来在水下物体颜色还原的应用中也受到的极大的需求和关注。然而,不同于空气中的物体的成像过程,在水下成像过程中,当光通过水而进行传播,光被水体严重吸收和散射,导致图像变暗,在其光谱和颜色方面发生模糊和扭曲。文中讨论的是基于水下图像的水衰减系数的校准和其多光谱图像的光谱重构。首先在不同的距离处获取物体的图像,提出了基于不同距离的图像进行水体衰减系数的校准并恢复原始图像的技术;在此基础上,分析并导出满足系数校准和图像复原所需的在不同距离获取到的最少的原始图像个数。最后,通过比较复原的水下图像与空气中获取的彩色图像,实验结果证明:文中提出的技术能够对水下光谱图像的进行精确颜色复原,所有测试图像的平均相对残留误差仅为5.87％。     

一种基于生成对抗网络与注意力机制的可见光和红外图像融合方法

针对低照度可见光图像中目标难以识别的问题,提出了一种新的基于生成对抗网络的可见光和红外图像的融合方法,该方法可直接用于RGB三通道的可见光图像和单通道红外图像的融合。在生成对抗网络中,生成器采用具有编码层和解码层的U-Net结构,判别器采用马尔科夫判别器,并引入注意力机制模块,使得融合图像可以更关注红外图像上的高强度信息。实验结果表明,该方法在维持可见光图像细节纹理信息的同时,引入红外图像的主要目标信息,生成视觉效果良好、目标辨识度高的融合图像,并在信息熵、结构相似性等多项客观指标上表现良好。     

基于分数傅里叶变换的双彩色图像加密

为了实现单通道双彩色图像的同时加密,首先将两幅待加密的彩色图像转换成索引图像的形式,保留索引图像的颜色映射矩阵,然后仅对数据矩阵采用复数合成、分数傅里叶变换、随机调制实现了双图像的加密。结果表明,只有在使用完全正确密钥的情况下才能恢复出两幅无失真的图像。该算法具有很高的安全性。     

灰度图像彩色化的效果评价研究

灰度图像彩色化的效果评价是目前图像彩色融合和增强急需解决的问题之一。从彩色化图像与原灰度图像比较和彩色化图像之间比较两方面对灰度图像的彩色化效果评价进行研究,提出了相应的主观评价方法和客观评价参数。     

Visible Korean human: improved serially sectioned images of the entire body

The data from the Visible Human Project (VHP) and the Chinese Visible Human (CVH), which are the serially sectioned images of the entire cadaver, are being used to produce three-dimensional (3-D) images and software. The purpose of our research, the Visible Korean Human (VKH), is to produce an enhanced version of the serially sectioned images of an entire cadaver that can be used to upgrade the 3-D images and software. These improvements are achieved without drastically changing the methods developed for the VHP and CVH; thus, a complementary solution was found. A Korean male cadaver was chosen without anything perfused into the cadaver; the entire body was magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) scanned at 1.0-mm intervals to produce MR and CT images. After scanning, entire body of the cadaver was embedded and serially sectioned at 0.2-mm intervals; each sectioned surface was inputted into a personal computer to produce anatomical images (pixel size: 0.2 mm) without any missing images. Eleven anatomical organs in the anatomical images were segmented to produce segmented images. The anatomical and segmented images were stacked and reconstructed to produce 3-D images. The VKH is an ongoing research; we will produce a female version of the VKH and provide more detailed segmented images. The data from the VHP, CVH, and VKH will provide valuable resources to the medical image library of 3-D images and software in the field of medical education and clinical trials.     

基于相位一致性变换的红外图像区域匹配算法研究

由于红外图像具有高噪声、低分辨率的特点,这使得在红外图像中使用基于区域的匹配方法很难取得较好的视差图.在分析了经相位一致性变换后图像的特征后,提出了一种基于区域的匹配方法.即先对图像进行相位一致性变换,再利用变换后图像进行区域匹配.试验结果表明,相位一致性变换后的新图像,噪声得到了较好的抑制,特征更加明显.对变换后的图像采用区域匹配的方法,可以得到较好的匹配效果.     

基于多时相红外图像探测浅层地下目标

因浅层地下目标的存在引起地表红外图像随时间变化,通过多时相红外图像探测了地下目标.针对部分红外图像中的曝光噪声等干扰会造成多时相红外图像自动选取的困难,提出了基于核小成分分析的多时相去噪方法,自动获得效果良好的图像;然后采用基于空间和时相变化信息约束的多时相模糊核聚类算法对去噪后的多时相红外图像进行分类,其中引入了时相信息指数,对时相权重因子进行修正;最后由分类结果给出符合逻辑的地下目标的位置及大致种类数,并由地下目标的红外成像机理初步给出地下目标的大体物理性质,为利用热红外图像探测地下目标提供了一些有意义的研究.     

基于多分辨率图像融合算法的岩心图像拼接

针对岩心图像由于光照不均,及其自身因素导致的拼接图像出现明显拼接缝的问题,对比分析了多种图像融合算法,并将多分辨率图像融合算法引入到岩心图像拼接中,该算法利用拉普拉斯金字塔结构将图像按频率进行分解,对各个频率上的带通图像分别进行融合,再利用金字塔反变换还原出融合结果图,最终实现了岩心图像无缝拼接。     

An orthogonal wavelet representation of multivalued images

A new orthogonal wavelet representation of multivalued images is presented. The idea for this representation is based on the concept of maximal gradient of multivalued images. This concept is generalized from gradients toward linear vector operators in the image plane with equal components along rows and columns. Using this generalization, the pyramidal dyadic wavelet transform algorithm using quadrature mirror filters is modified to be applied to multivalued images. This results in a representation of a single image, containing multiscale detail information from all component images involved. This representation leads to multiple applications ranging from multispectral image fusion to color and multivalued image enhancement, denoising and segmentation. In this paper, the representation is applied for fusion of images. More in particular, we introduce a scheme to merge high spatial resolution greylevel images with low spatial resolution multivalued images to improve spatial resolution of the latter while preserving spectral resolution. Two applications are studied: demosaicing of color images and merging of multispectral remote sensing images.     

基于辨识性统计特征的PQ隐密图像识别算法

提出一种基于辨识性统计特征的PQ（perturbed quantization）隐密图像识别算法。该算法根据经典PQ隐写对图像数据的更改方式,提取可有效区分该类隐密图像与其他类隐密图像的辨识性统计特征,并运用SVM（support vector machines）分类器进行分类识别。实验结果表明：本算法能够可靠地将PQ隐密图像从5类典型JPEG隐写PQ、F5、nsF5、MB1和MOD的隐密图像中识别出来;即使F5、nsF5、MB1和MOD的隐密图像不参与分类器的训练,本算法仍能有效识别PQ隐密图像。     

基于LC-SLM的CT图像全息三维重构与实时显示

提出了一种将计算全息技术与液晶空间光调制器相结合的CT图像三维重构与实时显示的方法。用计算全息技术对一系列CT图片进行三维信息融合,并根据CT图片数目的不同,制作了不同的计算全息图,基于CT图片本身是数字化二维图像的特点,采用了快速傅里叶变换算法。用液晶空间光调制器作为全息图显示载体,设计了CT图像三维实时显示系统,利用计算机控制实时输出不同的计算全息图到空间光调制器,通过光学再现获得不断变化的三维再现像,实现CT图像的三维实时显示。     

基于盲源分离的多幅顺序图像加密方法

根据许多加密方法利用数学难题保障其安全性的思想,盲源分离欠定难题可用于高度安全的多幅图像加密。然而,由于盲源分离存在顺序和幅度模糊性,通过盲源分离得到的解密图像可能发生顺序变化和像素值反转。这在加密多幅顺序图像时可能导致解密错误。针对这一问题,该文利用数字水印技术,加密前在每幅明文图像中嵌入与其对应的顺序信息;解密后,通过在各解密图像中检测该顺序信息而消除其顺序和幅度的模糊性。计算机仿真结果表明,该方法在恢复解密图像顺序的同时也能检测其是否反转,从而有效地解决了多幅顺序图像的盲源分离加密问题。     

Alignment of Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy Photoreceptor Images at Different Polarizations Using Complex Phase Relationships

A polarimetric technique for enhancing fundus images was recently introduced , where confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (CSLO) images are acquired under differing incoming polarization states, and spatially resolved Mueller images are constructed based on the images. An important stage in this technique is the alignment of CSLO images acquired under differing polarization states. This has proven to be particularly difficult when dealing with photoreceptor images, which are characterized by poor SNRs and intensity inhomogeneities due to polarization properties. In this paper, an automated approach to aligning CSLO photoreceptor images acquired under differing polarization states is presented. A novel energy functional based on complex phase relationships is introduced that is invariant to polarization and scale, as well as robust to noise and highly sensitive to photoreceptor structural characteristics. A sequential quadratic programming approach is employed to determine the optimal alignment between the photoreceptor images by minimizing the proposed energy functional. The method has been tested on CSLO fish photoreceptor images acquired under differing polarization states and evaluated based on alignment accuracy. The results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing techniques used for aligning CSLO images, with lower mean alignment error for all test cases.     

Statistical distributional approach for scale and rotation invariant color image retrieval using multivariate parametric tests and orthogonality condition

This paper proposes a unified framework for color image retrieval, based on statistical multivariate parametric tests, namely test for equality of covariance matrices, test for equality of mean vectors, and the orthogonality test. The proposed method tests the variation between the query and target images; if it passes the test, then it proceeds to test the spectrum of energy of the two images; otherwise, the test is dropped. If the query and target images pass both the tests then it is concluded that the two images belong to the same class, i.e., both the images are same; otherwise, it is assumed that the images belong to different classes, i.e., both the images are different. The obtained test statistic values are indexed in ascending order and the image corresponds to the least value is identified as same or similar images. Here, either the query image or target image is treated as sample; the other is treated as population. Also, some other features such as Coefficient of Variation, Skewness, Kurtosis, Variance–Covariance, spectrum of energy, and number of shapes in the images are compared between the query and target images color-wise. Furthermore, to emphasize the efficiency of the proposed system, the geometrical structure, viz. test for orthogonality between the query and target images, is examined. In the case of structure images, the number of shapes in the query and target images are compared; if it matches, then the contents in the shapes are compared color-wise. The proposed system is invariant for scaling, and rotation, since the system adjusts itself and treats either the query image or the target image is the sample of other. The proposed framework provides hundred percent accuracy if the query and target images are same, whereas there is a slight variation for similar, scaled, and rotated images.     

Nonrigid registration of 3-d multichannel microscopy images of cell nuclei.

We present an intensity-based nonrigid registration approach for the normalization of 3-D multichannel microscopy images of cell nuclei. A main problem with cell nuclei images is that the intensity structure of different nuclei differs very much; thus, an intensity-based registration scheme cannot be used directly. Instead, we first perform a segmentation of the images from the cell nucleus channel, smooth the resulting images by a Gaussian filter, and then apply an intensity-based registration algorithm. The obtained transformation is applied to the images from the nucleus channel as well as to the images from the other channels. To improve the convergence rate of the algorithm, we propose an adaptive step length optimization scheme and also employ a multiresolution scheme. Our approach has been successfully applied using 2-D cell-like synthetic images, 3-D phantom images as well as 3-D multichannel microscopy images representing different chromosome territories and gene regions. We also describe an extension of our approach, which is applied for the registration of 3D + t (4-D) image series of moving cell nuclei.