基于PWM的弱视治疗仪光源设计与实现

目前弱视治疗仪一般都采用白炽灯作为光源,利用电阻限流方式控制光强,存在发光效率低,寿命短,发热量高,体积大,可调光强级别较少,光源亮度不稳定等缺陷。针对这些缺陷,文章采用LED设计光源,利用PWM技术控制灯源光强,选择单片机AT89C52为微控制器,通过C51语言编写控制程序,对单片机输出PWM脉冲占空比进行调节,PWM脉冲直接控制驱动电路输出电流的大小,从而达到控制LED亮度强弱的目的,驱动电路的反馈设计确保了输出电流稳定,使LED光源亮度稳定,不易闪烁,比起传统白炽灯对眼睛的伤害减弱。通过实验,结果表明基于PWM技术驱动的LED光源的亮度稳定,并能提供10级以上的光强。     

基于自适应控制的160WLED16位数字调光系统PWM恒流控制器

以PIC单片机为控制核心,提出了一种基于自适应PID控制器的160WLED16位数字调光系统的PWM恒流控制器的设计方案。用串联在160WLED电路中的电阻对LED电流进行检测得到电压信号,经过放大后,送PIC16F873A单片机的A/D转换器转换为量化值,通过与给定的亮度等级的PWM信号的第一次电流采样为基准电流信号进行比较,改变PWM输出的占空比控制LED的亮度等级。经测试,本系统能够实现160W白光LED在16位各级不同亮度时的恒流控制。     

七彩LED光源控制方案设计

本文介绍了一种采用单片机实现七彩LED光源控制的设计方案。单片机采用带PWM输出端口的AD型单片机,通过控制PWM（脉冲宽度调制）的占空比实现对R（红）、G（绿）、B（蓝）三色LED光源的光强度数字化调控,通过控制LED的R、G、B三色驱动和显示实现多彩的组合光调制,从而实现七彩效果的LED光源控制技术。     

基于I2C／SMBus的PSoC监控功能的实现

介绍了I2C／SMBus总线基本情况和软件操作细节。对当前广泛运用于刀片服务器上的PSoC微控制器进行了剖析。给出了I2C／SMBus总线在PSoC的PWM、RPM、VPD的控制以及LED灯实现的代码     

基于ATmega48单片机的LED照明系统的太阳能控制器设计

本文设计了一种简单实用的独立先伏系统的太阳能LED照明系统的控制器,介绍了该控制器的结构及工作原理.该控制器采用光控加时控方式,光控方式能根据外界环境智能调整时段,从而极大提高了系统的效率.采用PWM控制整个系统充电过程,提高充电效率,放电过程采用PWM恒流放电驱动LED,ATmega48设置过充过放自动关断.     

基于STC12C2052AD单片机的音乐喷泉控制

本文介绍了基于STC12C2052AD单片机的音乐喷泉系统,通过单片机自带的AD电路把声音模拟量转换成数字量,通过数字量去控制输出的PWM波形的占空比,从而通过控制输出电压来改变电机的转速与LED灯的亮度。     

P110C控制模块的应用(4)

图1中用P110C的6个PWM输出口（PWMO—PWM5）分别驱动6只达林顿三极管,进而驱动电动机（M1-M6）。通过设置PWM的输出脉冲的占空比达到调速之目的。PWM占空比越小,电动机驱动电压越低,转速也越低;PWM占空比越大,电动机驱动电压越高,转速也越高。占空比设置值从000—255,每变化一个数,占空比变化0．392157％。以反极性输出为例,当设置值为000时,占空比为0％,输出电压为0;当设置值为128时,占空比为50％,输出电压为供电电压的一半;当设置值为255时,占空比为100％,输出电压最高。     

视觉检测的LED光源自适应亮度控制系统

照明光源的亮度控制视觉检测中的一个难题,为了使视觉检测系统获取优质图像,本文采用嵌入式ARM做控制器,利用亮度传感器采集环境亮度,通过实验研究图像采集图像灰度值与光照强度的关系,获取高质图像需要的合理亮度阈值,作为图像采集时LED光源亮度调节的参照,通过软件调节驱动LED的PWM信号,实现自适应调整LED光源亮度。     

一款基于通用IC的低成本汽车日行灯HB LED驱动电路的设计

设计了一款基于通用IC LM5022的低成本汽车日行灯HB LED驱动电路,实现了HB LED的恒流驱动和PWM调光,并能满足日行灯的有关驱动要求。详细介绍了调光控制线路的设计,并对调光信号的时序和调光比影响因素等进行了分析,给出了主要实验参数和实验结果,输入电压6～19 V,输出电压40～57 V,PWM调光占空比可调5%～100%,输出LED电流200 mA,有关实验验证了本设计的可行性。     

智能型臭氧发生器的设计

介绍了以HT46R232单片机为控制器的智能型臭氧发生器的设计.臭氧发生器中产生臭氧的高压电源和风机都采用全桥逆变电路,单片机输出2路PWM信号对高压电源电压的幅值、风扇转速进行控制.充分利用单片机的片上资源实现臭氧发生器的无线射频遥控、键盘控制、LED显示、A/D温度监控等功能,使臭氧发生器具有智能化,高效产生臭氧等优点.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。