基于电力载波通信的采集终端检测技术研究

电力营销信息化建设过程中,基于载波通信的数据采集在实际应用时,由于受到信号衰减和各类干扰,抄读成功率显著下降。本文采用了一种仿真检测方法对各类采集终端现场运行的适应性进行考核,充分发挥软件与硬件相结合的优势,模拟现场数据采集过程并加以诊断分析。通过监测在不同载波环境下计量数据抄读成功率,判断相应载波制造厂商通信模块制造技术的优劣,从而选择稳定,抗干扰能力强的载波通信模块,满足电力建设和电力用户的需要。     

高炉上料监测系统的远程数据无线传送技术

针对在高温环境下对冶炼高炉上料数据实施监控的用户要求,开发了一种基于无线数传模块的远端数据采集传送装置.现场数据采集后通过无线数传模块与上位机进行通信,上位机接收数据并监控工作状况,历史数据可以具备存储、查询、报表等功能.经过实际运行测试,说明利用无线数传模块可以进行冶炼高炉特殊环境下计量测试、数据通讯及远端控制,尤其适用于下位机组成基于现场总线的监控网络,而上位机移动或多点上位机的使用场合.     

基于GSM网络的路灯监控系统数据远传仿真

传统的路灯控制与维护手段已不再适应现代化的要求,设计和实现自动化程度高、运行可靠、高效节能的路灯远程监控系统,是当今城市现代化发展的必然要求。论文详细介绍选择GSM网络的短消息业务来实现数据远传;利用Visual Basic编程环境,设计了上位机的监控系统;下位机利用Proteus软件进行仿真;在上位机和下位机之间各加一个无线调制解调器GSM Modem进行数据远传。     

基于AVR单片机的直流电源智能监控系统

本文介绍了一种基于ATmge128单片机实现的直流电源智能监控系统的设计方案及其软、硬件设计过程。该智能监控系统能检测直流电源系统的各种实时运行状态及实时数据,智能判断各种故障点以及记录故障信息,实现蓄电池的智能管理：通过RS232或RS485与上位机通信,通过VB等软件实现上位机的构建,能较好地被利用在高度自动化电力管理现场中。     

GPRS技术在地埋式泵站中的应用

本系统由放置在现场的数据采集发送一体化模块和上位机远程监控软件构成。设计采用数据采集发送一体化模块对地埋泵站各类参数进行采集,然后发送到GPRS无线通讯模块上,再通过GPRS通讯模块把数据上传到上位机远程监控软件。     

路灯节能的控制系统设计分析

本文基于城市公共照明的路灯节能理念,设计可最大化实现节能的路灯控制器。该设计方案在使用节能光源的情况下采用合理的控制线路来实现路灯节能,并采用"全年分三季,一季分时段"的分时控制思想实现节能的目的,在不同的时段投入不同的供电电压运行,在保证路灯正常照明的前提下,兼顾到了用电低谷期节能的效果。同时利用电力载波技术实现对路灯运行状况的实时监控。     

基于CAN总线和射频技术无线控制的照明系统

采用nRF905无线收发模块,在CAN通信网络基础上,设计了基于无线控制的智能照明系统并将当前照明状态上传给上位机实时监控。完成了硬件电路设计和软件开发流程,实现了nRF905无线收发模块与CAN总线通讯模块流程。通过有线网络和无线控制相结合,使楼宇照明科学化、智能化,实现节电目标。此系统抗干扰能力强,维护成本低,操作便捷。     

基于ARM和GPRS的路灯远程监控系统

为了提高城市照明设施的科学管理水平,保证夜间行人安全,采用ARM嵌入式技术与GPRS设计并实现了一个无线路灯监控管理系统,他包括远程终端单元(RTU),GPRS网络,Internet和监控中心.利用GPRS模块和基于μClinux操作系统的32位ARM处理器实现RTU的功能;RTU与监控中心之间的数据通过GPRS网络和Internet来传输;监控中心PC机上通过地理信息系统(GIS)显示子站的地理位置.试验表明,该系统解决了ARM嵌入式系统、GPRS网络、Internet之间的通讯问题,实现了实时监控路灯状态的目的,对远程实时监控系统设计具有重要的参考价值.     

基于Nios Ⅱ软核的卫星地球站ODU监控终端设计

室外单元(out door unit,ODU)是卫星地球站的主要设备之一,在卫星通信链路上,其主要功能是对卫星信号的收发。为了对ODU的工作状态进行监控和设置,设计了此监控终端,通过在FPGA内嵌入Nios Ⅱ软核来控制人机界面、存储模块和通信模块的工作。其中人机界面完成相关参数的输入和显示,而监控终端与ODU的通信是利用RS232接口进行的。通过仿真与实验,表明该监控终端工作可靠,能够满足需要。     

Android平台电力监控系统移动终端软件设计

将传统电力监控系统与组态技术相结合,开发出了以安卓平台为基础的可移动电力监控系统。在移动终端植入电力监控系统软件,可在授权范围内随时随地进行电站运行数据监视、信息查询、事故报告、技术分析、服务决策、远程管理和控制,且功能可拓展,稳定性和可靠性较好,满足兼容性要求。该电力监控系统移动终端软件对提高应对电力故障的快速反应能力和电力运行管理水平有非常重要的意义。     

Optimization of the light distribution of luminaries for tunnel and street lighting

An optimization approach is discussed for the problem of designing light distributions for luminaries for tunnel and street lighting which satisfy luminance-based and glare-based requirements set by the International Commision on Illumination (CIE) and the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) while consuming minimal power. The problem is formulated as a linear optimization problem that incorporates the geometrical parameters of the lighting installation and the reflective properties of the road surface. A polynomial representation for the light intensities is used in order to construct smooth light distribution curves, so that the luminaries can be manufactured with existing technology. Computational experiments indicate that optimization models can substantially improve the lighting parameters of luminaries, and make lighting installations more energy-efficient.     

Development of street lighting system-based novel high-brightness LED modules

The development of high-power light emitting diode (LED) for street lighting is growing continuously owing to its greater energy efficiency, long operating life and light control. Users of street lighting are compelled to adopt this technology over traditional light sources. An alternative solution based on a novel 9LEDM (9-LED module) and adaptive driver is shown. The design of the 9LEDM is derived from the thermal, photometric, power electronics techniques to meet the application of street lighting. The 9LEDM performances with a price less than 1$/Watt (W) and luminous flux higher than 110 Lumens (Lm)/W compared with traditional ones. Furthermore, several restrictions of driving the solid-state lighting loads are overcome by an adaptive street lighting driver with an AC/DC converter of a quasi-resonant operation flyback topology and with Soft Startup, Full ON, Half ON functions by sensing the ambient light and working temperature. Finally, a high performance/cost 50 W pole head as a design example is conducted to illustrate the complete design process, and the results from the demonstration projection with two pole heads of 50 W for a 12 m pole show a luminous intensity range from 38 to 19 lux with a heat sink temperature of 588C and an energy saving more by 72% compared with conventional street lighting after three months of running.     

新型壁面清洗机器人的控制系统

新型壁面清洗机器人是在原有的瓷砖壁面清洗机器人（I型）基础上研制开发出的专为清洗高楼玻璃幕墙的自动化清洗设备,作者从遥控方式,电机驱动,姿态控制等几个方面进行了新型机器人控制系统的小型化创新设计,使机器人的操作变得简单易行。     

基于香农—韦弗传播模式的应星楼路灯设计

目的 运用传播学相关方式方法,针对应星楼路灯进行研究再设计工作,通过灯具这一载体传播应星楼相关文化元素与符号特征.方法 以应星楼路灯为研究对象,从现代设计装饰需求出发,采用现代审美思考为导向的研究方式,基于香农—韦弗传播模式相关理论,对应星楼及其相关文化符号进行解析研究,将传统文化元素与现代灯具设计相结合,将应星楼元素分为抽象与具象两个方向.通过路灯的再设计传播其相关文化特征.结论 以应星楼包含的精神文化载体为出发点,将传统纹饰、传统工艺、传统形制作为设计符号,依据传统文化与现代审美相结合,功能需求与艺术形式相统一的方式,设计出高矮应星楼系列路灯共两组,经过外观3D打印、结构打样验证、方案修改等设计流程最终投入生产使用.     

右转车辆与过街行人交互过程的影响因素研究

目的 探究在城市交通路口影响右转车辆与过街行人交互过程的因素。方法 采用实地视频拍摄的方法,分析统计右转车辆与过街行人在交互过程中的行为方式。分别检验性别、年龄、同行人数及红绿灯状态4个指标是否对二者交互过程有显著性影响。结果 性别对右转车辆与过街行人的交互过程无显著影响;年龄、同行人数及红绿灯状态对右转车辆与过街行人的交互过程有显著影响。结论 由于老年人生理退化导致步行速度降低,可以通过设置文字或图片标识来提示右转车辆停车礼让,以缓解老年群体等待时间过久的问题;或根据路口交通流量及行人不同同行人数,动态规划过街行人与右转车辆通行顺序。此外,可以根据行人流量动态规划右转车辆方的交通灯状态及时间。本研究结果对改善交通路口交通运行状况、使右转车辆与过街行人在交通路口有序通行有重要的理论意义和实用价值,同时可为无人驾驶右转车辆与行人交互提供重要参考。     

脉冲激光峰值／平均功率测试方法研究

为解决生产过程中所用脉冲激光光源输出峰值/平均功率测试的量值准确一致及其量值溯源问题,确保生产过程受控。文章以激光能量计作为量值传递标准,采用脉冲激光能量法实现脉冲激光峰值功率量值溯源;并运用波形半宽度分析法进行有效测试。     

Optimal Parameter Estimation of Transmission Line Using Chaotic Initialized Time-Varying PSO Algorithm

Transmission line is a vital part of the power system that connects two major points, the generation, and the distribution. For an efficient design, stable control, and steady operation of the power system, adequate knowledge of the transmission line parameters resistance, inductance, capacitance, and conductance is of great importance. These parameters are essential for transmission network expansion planning in which a new parallel line is needed to be installed due to increased load demand or the overhead line is replaced with an underground cable. This paper presents a method to optimally estimate the parameters using the input-output quantities i.e., voltages, currents, and power factor of the transmission line. The equivalent π-network model is used and the terminal data i.e., sending-end and receiving-end quantities are assumed as available measured data. The parameter estimation problem is converted to an optimization problem by formulating an error-minimizing objective function. An improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) in terms of time-varying control parameters and chaos-based initialization is used to optimally estimate the line parameters. Two cases are considered for parameter estimation, the first case is when the line conductance is neglected and in the second case, the conductance is considered into account. The results obtained by the improved algorithm are compared with the standard version of the algorithm, firefly algorithm and artificial bee colony algorithm for 30 number of trials. It is concluded that the improved algorithm is tremendously sufficient in estimating the line parameters in both cases validated by low error values and statistical analysis, comparatively.     

电气化重载铁路长供电臂末端网压提升技术应用与研究

本文简述了神朔电气化重载铁路长供电臂末端网压跌落的原因及理论分析,对比分析了接触网电压损失和变电所电压损失的网压提升方法。结合神朔铁路的实际特性,提出了一种在供电臂末端装设动态无功补偿装置的提升网压的方法,并探讨了在供电臂末端进行补偿的优越性,通过对比该装置投运前后的补偿效果,该补偿装置在重载时能有效地将供电臂末端电压提升了8kV,同时系统功率因数保持到0．98以上。     

Balancing and scheduling of surface mount technology lines

A mixed-integer programming approach to simultaneous or sequential balancing and scheduling of surface mount technology (SMT) lines for printed wiring board (PWB) assembly is presented. The SMT line consists of several processing stages in series separated by finite intermediate buffers, where each stage has one or more identical parallel machines. In the line, different types of PWBs are assembled using various types of electronic components. The components are assigned to feeder slots of a feeder carrier at each placement station. Different types of components occupy a different number of feeder slots. The total number of slots available at each station was limited. The problem objective was to determine an assignment of components to feeder slots at each placement station and to determine an assembly schedule for a mix of board types to complete the boards in minimum time. Numerical examples and some computational results are presented to illustrate applications of the proposed approach.     

A Novel Conductive Mesoporous Layer with a Dynamic Two‐Step Deposition Strategy Boosts Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells to 20%

Lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with the high power conversion efficiency (PCE) typically use mesoporous metal oxide nanoparticles as the scaffold and electron‐transport layers. However, the traditional mesoporous layer suffers from low electron conductivity and severe carrier recombination. Here, antimony‐doped tin oxide nanorod arrays are proposed as novel transparent conductive mesoporous layers in PSCs. Such a mesoporous layer improves the electron transport as well as light utilization. To resolve the common problem of uneven growth of perovskite on rough surface, the dynamic two‐step spin coating strategy is proposed to prepare highly smooth, dense, and crystallized perovskite films with micrometer‐scale grains, largely reducing the carrier recombination ratio. The conductive mesoporous layer and high‐quality perovskite film eventually render the PSC with a remarkable PCE of 20.1% with excellent reproducibility. These findings provide a new avenue to further design high‐efficiency PSCs from the aspect of carrier transport and recombination.